Nyama za Pantanal: zokwawa, nyama, mbalame ndi nsomba

Mlembi: Peter Berry
Tsiku La Chilengedwe: 12 Kulayi 2021
Sinthani Tsiku: 14 Novembala 2024
Anonim
Nyama za Pantanal: zokwawa, nyama, mbalame ndi nsomba - Ziweto
Nyama za Pantanal: zokwawa, nyama, mbalame ndi nsomba - Ziweto

Zamkati

Pantanal, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Pantanal Complex, ndiye chigumula chachikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi chomwe chimaphatikizapo amodzi mwa zigawo zokhala ndi zamoyo zam'madzi zazikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi. Akuyerekeza kuti pafupifupi 10 mpaka 15% yamitundu yapadziko lonse lapansi imakhala mdera la Brazil.

Munkhani ya PeritoAnimal, tikukupatsani mndandanda wazinyama mmene madambowo alili. Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za nyama zakutchire ku Brazil, onetsetsani kuti mukuwerenga nkhaniyi Nyama za Pantanal ndi mawonekedwe ake osaneneka!

madambo

Pantanal, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Pantanal Complex, ndiye malo osefukira kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi omwe ali ndi pafupifupi 210 km2. Ili pachisokonezo chachikulu chomwe chili kumtunda wa Upper Paraguay River Basin. Chifukwa cha zachilengedwe zambiri (zomera ndi zinyama) zimawerengedwa kuti ndi World Heritage Site, komabe izi siziteteza kuti zisawonongedwe kapena kuwonongedwa.


Mitundu yambiri yazomera ndi zinyama (nyama, amphibiya, zokwawa, mbalame, tizilombo) zimayeneranso chifukwa chokhala ndi mwayi wapadera komanso kukopa kwa zinyama ndi zinyama za m'derali. Nkhalango yamvula ya Amazon, Nkhalango ya Atlantic, chaco Ndi zochokera wandiweyani.

M'nthawi yamvula yambiri, Mtsinje wa Paraguay umasefukira komanso kusefukira gawo lalikulu lachigawocho ndipo madera omwe abzala amakhala kusefukira. Madzi akatsika, ng'ombe zimakwezedwa ndikukolola mbewu zatsopano ndikubzala, chifukwa chake zimadziwika chifukwa cha kusodza, kuweta ziweto komanso kuwononga ulimi.

Pali nyama zambiri zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha ku Pantanal ndipo mwatsoka mndandandawo ukupitilira kukula chifukwa cha zochita za anthu, zomwe zimawononga, kusaka, kuwotcha ndikuipitsa dziko lapansi.

Nyama za Pantanal

Pansipa tikukupatsani mndandanda wa zina mwa Nyama za Pantanal biome, popeza zachilengedwe ndizochuluka kwambiri, kuyambira tizilombo tating'onoting'ono mpaka nyama yayikulu kwambiri, mndandandawo ukadakhala wopanda malire ndipo zomera ndi nyama zonse zomwe zimakhala m'madambo aku Brazil ndizofunikira chimodzimodzi.


Zokwawa za Pantanal

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi zokwawa, pakati pa nyama zomwe zimakhala ku Pantanal, ma alligator ndi ena odziwika kwambiri okhala m'derali:

Alligator-wa-dambo (Caiman Yacare)

Mwa zina nyama zochokera ku Pantanal O Caiman Yacare imatha kufikira 3 mita kutalika ndikudya mitundu ingapo ya nyama. Akazi amaikira mazira m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, m'nkhalango ngakhalenso pazomera zoyandama, mpaka mazira 24 pachaka. Kutentha kwa mazira kumatha kudziwa kugonana kwa anapiye, poganizira kuti kutentha kukukulirakulira, tikhoza kukumana ndi vuto lokhala ndi anapiye omwewo ndipo palibe kuthekera koberekana.

Chikopa cha Alligator (Caiman latirostris)

Kwa nyama zomwe zimakhala ku Pantanal, ma alligator amatenga gawo lofunikira, makamaka pakukhazikitsa kuchuluka kwa ma piranhas omwe amakhala m'malo am'madzi. Kuchepa kwa ziwombankhanga kapena ngakhale kutha kwawo kungayambitse kuchulukana kwa ma piranhas, omwe angabweretse chiwopsezo ku nyama zina komanso kwa anthu.


Alligator-of-papo-amarelo amatha kufikira zaka 50 ndikufika mita 2 m'litali. M'nyengo yokhwima, ikakonzeka kubereka, imapeza mtundu wachikaso m'mbewuyi. Mphuno yake ndi yotakata komanso yayifupi kudya nsomba zazing'ono, molluscs, crustaceans ndi zina zokwawa zazing'ono.

Nkhalango Jararaca (Bothrops jararaca)

US nyama zochokera pantalo ya Pantanal amapezeka kum'mwera ndi kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Brazil, komwe amakhala ndi nkhalango. Umenewu ndi mtundu wophunziridwa kwambiri chifukwa chakuti poizoni wake (poyizoni) wakhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto amtima.

Anaconda wachikasu (Eunectes notaeus) ndi Green anaconda (Eunectes murinus)

Anaconda ndi njoka yopanda poyizoni (yopanda poyizoni) yomwe imapezeka ku South America. Ngakhale amakhala ndi nthawi yoberekera masiku 220 mpaka 270 ndipo amatha kukhala ndi ana 15 pa zinyalala, ndi nyama yomwe ili pangozi. Anaconda wobiriwira ndi wokulirapo ndipo amapezeka kwambiri ku Amazon ndi Cerrado.

Ndiwo osambira abwino kwambiri, koma, akamayenda pang'onopang'ono pamtunda, amakhala nthawi yayitali m'madzi ndikupha chifukwa choluma mwamphamvu komanso kubanika. Zakudya zawo zimasiyanasiyana: mazira, nsomba, zokwawa, mbalame komanso nyama.

Zinyama Zina za Pantanal

  • Boa wokhazikika (Zabwinoyokhazikika);
  • Kamba Wam'madzi (Acanthochelysmacrocephala);
  • Kamba ka Amazon (Podocnemisakukula);
  • Buluzi wa Ipê (Tropidurus guarani);
  • Iguana (Iguana iguana).

Pantanal mbalame

Mbalame zina zimawoneka mosavuta komanso zosatsimikizika pakati pa nyama wamba wa Pantanal, ena mwa iwo ndi awa:

Buluu Arara (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus)

Parrot amene alipo mitundu itatu yomwe iwiri ili pachiwopsezo chotha ndipo imodzi yatha chifukwa chozembetsa nyama. Ili ndi nthenga zokongola za buluu, mabwalo achikasu mozungulira maso ndi gulu lachikaso lozungulira mlomo. Ndi mbalame yosiririka kwambiri chifukwa cha nthenga zake ndipo imadziwika ndi kanema wotchuka kwambiri "RIO" yomwe imafotokoza zowona zakubedwa kwa nyama padziko lapansi.

Toucan (RamphastosNdimasewera)

Ndi nyama yokhala ndi milomo yotchuka kwambiri, yalanje komanso yayikulu. Ndi nyama yokhazikika yomwe imadya zakudya zosiyanasiyana, mazira, abuluzi, tizilombo, zipatso.

Mbalame zina za ku Brazil Pantanal

  • Great Macaw Wamkulu (Arachloropterus);
  • Mchira wofiira Ariramba (Galbula ruficauda);
  • Curica (PA)Amazonamazon);
  • Egret (Ardeaalba);
  • Pinto (Icterus croconotus);
  • Msuketi wabuluu (dacnis cayana);
  • seriema (cariamacrest);
  • Tuuuu (jabiru mycteria - chizindikiro cha madambo).

Nsomba za Pantanal

Chigumula cha Pantanal chili ndi zachilengedwe zosiyanasiyana. Izi ndi zina mwa nyama zochokera ku Pantanal biome:

Chitipa (Pygocentrus nattereri)

THE Mitundu yofala kwambiri ku Pantanal piranha yofiira. Ndi nsomba ya m'madzi yopanda mchere ndipo ndi yaukali kwambiri komanso yoopsa, chifukwa imawukira m'magulu ndipo imakhala ndi mano owopsa kwambiri. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popangira zakudya zakomweko.

Nsomba Zina za Pantanal

  • Golide (Salminus brasiliensis);
  • Zojambula (pseudoplatystoma corruscans);
  • Traíra (Hoplias malabaricus).

Zinyama Zam'madzi

Nyama za Pantanal zimadziwikanso ndi zina mwazinyama zosangalala kwambiri ku Brazil:

Nyamazi (panthera onca)

Kapena jaguar, ndiye nyani wamkulu wachitatu padziko lonse lapansi. Ndiwosambira bwino kwambiri ndipo amakhala mumtsinje kapena m'nyanja. Itha kufika 90kg ndipo imaluma kwambiri komanso imapha. Ndi nyama yodya, yomwe imayiika pamwamba pa chakudya.

Ndi malo okopa alendo kwa aliyense amene amakonda zachilengedwe, koma mwatsoka komanso kwa anthu opha nyama mosavomerezeka, omwe amakhala pamndandanda wazinthu zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha ku Brazil. Kuphatikiza pa umbanda, kuchuluka kwa mizinda komanso kuwonongeka kwa malo okhala chifukwa chodula mitengo, kumawonjezera chiwopsezo cha kutha.

Mofanana ndi nyama zanyama zakutchire, nyama zodya nyama izi zimayang'anira kuchuluka kwa nyama zina.

Nkhandwe ya Guara (Chrysocyon brachyurus)

Mtundu wa lalanje, miyendo yayitali ndi makutu akulu amapangitsa mmbuluwu kukhala mtundu wapadera pakati pa nyama za Pantanal.

Capybara (PA)Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris)

Makoswe akulu kwambiri padziko lapansi komanso osambira abwino kwambiri, ma capybaras amakhala m'magulu azinyama 40 kapena kupitilira apo.

Madzi otentha (Blastocerus dichotomus)

Nyama zazikulu kwambiri ku South America, zimapezeka ku Pantanal. Ikuwopsezedwa kuti ikutha. Ikhoza kufika 125kg, 1.2m msinkhu ndipo amuna ali ndi nyanga za nthambi. Chakudya chawo chimachokera ku zomera zam'madzi ndipo amakhala m'malo amadzi osefukira. Pofuna kupewa madzi, ziboda zimakhala ndi zoteteza zomwe zimawathandiza kukhalabe m'madzi kwa nthawi yayitali popanda ziboda. Ndi mtundu wina womwe uli pangozi.

Nyama Yamphongo Yaikulu (Myrmecophaga tridactyla)

Nyama yodziwika bwino, ya nyama za Pantanal, ili ndi malaya akuda, ofiira ofiira okhala ndi mzere wakuda wakuda ndi mbali zoyera. Mphuno yake yayitali ndi zikhadabo zazikulu ndizothandiza kugwira ndi kumeza nyerere ndi chiswe. Imatha kumeza nyerere zoposa 30,000 tsiku limodzi.

Tapir (Tapirus terrestris)

Kapenanso Tapir, ili ndi chiboliboli chosasinthasintha (thunthu) ndi thunthu lolimba lokhala ndi miyendo yochepa. Zakudya zanu zimaphatikizapo zipatso ndi masamba.

Otter (Pteronura brasiliensis) ndi Otter (Lontra longicaudis)

Ma otter, omwe amadziwika kuti jaguar, ndipo ma otter ndi nyama zanyama zomwe zimadya nsomba, amphibiya ang'onoang'ono, nyama zoyamwitsa ndi mbalame. Ngakhale otter amakhala ochezeka ndipo amakhala m'magulu akulu, otters amakhala okhaokha. Atha kuzunzidwa malinga ndi International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

Zinyama zina:

  • Galu wachitsamba (Chitsimeiwe);
  • Monkey wa Capuchin (Sapajus cay);
  • Pampas Deer (Ozotocerosalireza);
  • Giant Armadillo (Priodontes maximus).

Izi ndi zina mwa mitundu ya nyama zomwe zimakhala mchigwape ndipo zomwe zitha kuopsezedwa kuti zitha ngati anthu sakumvetsa zomwe akuchita kudziko lapansi lokhalo momwe angakhalire limodzi ndi nyama ndi zomera zomwe zimalemeretsa munjira ina. zophweka.

Sitingathe kuiwala zokwawa zina zonse, mbalame, zolengedwa zoyamwitsa, nsomba, amphibiya ndi tizilombo zomwe sizinatchulidwe pano koma zomwe zimapanga madambo ndipo ndizofunikira m'chilengedwe.

Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga zina zambiri zofanana ndi Nyama za Pantanal: zokwawa, nyama, mbalame ndi nsomba, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulowe gawo lathu la Nyama Zotayika.