Nyama zomwe siziyenera kukhala ziweto

Zamkati

• Pangano la CITES
• Nyama zomwe siziyenera kukhala ziweto
• Nyama Zachilendo Zomwe Siziyenera Kukhala Ziweto
• Nyama zowopsa zomwe siziyenera kukhala ziweto
• Nyama zina zosakhala zoweta

THE chidziwitso cha biophilic Edward O. Wilson akuwonetsa kuti anthu mwachibadwa amakhala ndi chizolowezi chokhudzana ndi chilengedwe. Ikhoza kutanthauziridwa kuti "kukonda moyo" kapena zamoyo. Mwina ndichifukwa chake sizosadabwitsa kuti anthu ambiri padziko lonse lapansi akufuna kukhala nawo ziweto m'nyumba zawo, ngati agalu ndi amphaka. Komabe, pali njira yomwe ikukulirakuliranso ku mitundu ina, monga mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe, nkhumba, njoka komanso mphemvu zosowa.

Komabe, kodi nyama zonse zimatha kukhala ziweto zoweta? Munkhaniyi ndi PeritoAnimal, tikambirana za umwini wa ena nyama zopanda ziweto, kufotokoza chifukwa chake sayenera kukhala m'nyumba zathu, koma m'chilengedwe.

Pangano la CITES

O kugulitsa mosavomerezeka ndi zowononga zamoyo zimachitika pakati pa mayiko osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi. Zinyama zonse ndi zomera zimachotsedwa m'malo awo achilengedwe, ndikupangitsa Kusamvana kwachilengedwe, pachuma komanso mdziko lachitatu kapena mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene. Sitiyenera kungoyang'ana pa omwe akulandidwa ufulu wawo, koma pazotsatira zomwe zimakhudza mayiko omwe adachokera, komwe kuwononga moyo ndi kuwonongeka kwa miyoyo ya anthu ndizofala masiku ano.

Pofuna kuthana ndi malonda a nyama ndi zomerazi, mgwirizano wa CITES unabadwa mzaka za m'ma 1960, zomwe mawu ake ndi a Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna. Panganoli, lomwe lidasainidwa ndi maboma amayiko angapo, likufuna kuteteza zamoyo zonse omwe ali pachiwopsezo chotha kapena kuwopsezedwa chifukwa cha zigawenga zosavomerezeka. CITES ili ndi Mitundu ya zinyama 5,800 ndi mitundu 30,000 yazomera, pafupifupi. Dziko la Brazil linasaina msonkhanowo mu 1975.

Dziwani nyama 15 zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha ku Brazil.

Nyama zomwe siziyenera kukhala ziweto

Tisanalankhule za nyama zomwe siziyenera kukhala zoweta, ndikofunikira kunena kuti nyama zakutchire, ngakhale zitachokera kudziko lomwe tikukhala, siziyenera kutengedwa ngati ziweto. Choyamba, sikuloledwa kusunga nyama zakutchire pokhapokha mutalandira chilolezo kuchokera ku Brazilian Institute for the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA). Komanso, nyamazi sakhala woweta ndipo sizingatheke kuwapanga zoweta.

Kutenga nyama kwamtundu wina kumatenga zaka zambiri kuti zichitike, si njira yomwe ingachitike panthawi yachitsanzo chimodzi. Mbali inayi, tikadatero motsutsana ndi chikhalidwe zamoyo, sitingawalole kuti apange ndikuchita zikhalidwe zonse zomwe amachita m'malo awo achilengedwe. Sitiyeneranso kuyiwala kuti, pogula nyama zamtchire, tikulimbikitsa kusaka kosaloledwa komanso kuwalanditsa ufulu.

Mwachitsanzo timapereka mitundu ingapo yomwe titha kupeza monga ziweto, koma siziyenera kukhala:

• Fulu la Mediterranean (Wakhate Mauremys): chokwawa chophiphiritsa ichi cha mitsinje ya Iberia Peninsula ku Europe ili pachiwopsezo chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mitundu yolanda komanso kugwidwa kwawo kosaloledwa. Limodzi mwamavuto akulu omwe amabwera ndi kuwasunga ndikuti timawadyetsa njira yolakwika ndikuwayika m'malo osagwirizana ndi mitundu iyi. Chifukwa cha izi, zovuta zokula zimachitika, makamaka zomwe zimakhudza ziboda, mafupa ndi maso omwe nthawi zambiri amataya.
• Sardão (lepida): Ichi ndi chokwawa china chomwe titha kupeza m'nyumba za anthu ambiri ku Europe, makamaka, ngakhale kuchepa kwa anthu ake kumachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa malo okhala ndikuzunza kwawo zikhulupiriro zabodza, monga kuti amatha kusaka akalulu kapena mbalame. Nyamayi sichizolowera moyo wamndende popeza imakhala madera akulu, ndipo kuwatsekera m'ndende sikutsutsana ndi chikhalidwe chake.
• urchin yapadziko lapansi (Erinaceus europaeus): monga mitundu ina, zikopa zapadziko lapansi zimatetezedwa, chifukwa chake kuzisunga mu ukapolo ndizosaloledwa ndipo kumapereka chindapusa chambiri. Ngati mwapeza nyama yotere m'munda ndipo ili yathanzi, simuyenera kuigwira. Kuisunga m'ndende kumatanthauza kufa kwa nyamayo, chifukwa siyingamwe ngakhale madzi ochokera mu kasupe wakumwa. Ngati wavulala kapena ali ndi mavuto azaumoyo, mutha kudziwitsa othandizira kapena a IBAMA kotero atha kupita naye kumalo omwe angakakumane ndi kumasulidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa ndi nyama yoyamwitsa, titha kutenga matenda ndi tiziromboti tambiri kuchokera ku chinyama ichi.
• nyani wa capuchin (ndi mitundu ina iliyonse ya nyani): ngakhale nyani monga chiweto amaloledwa ndi IBAMA ku Brazil, pali zoletsa zingapo ndipo umwini wake uyenera kuvomerezedwa. Timatsindika kuti umwini wake sukulimbikitsidwa makamaka kuteteza mitundu yosiyanasiyana, osati anyani a capuchin okha. Zinyama izi (makamaka zomwe sizidziwika) zimatha kufalitsa matenda monga chiwewe, herpes, chifuwa chachikulu, candidiasis ndi hepatitis B, kudzera pakuluma kapena kukanda.

Nyama Zachilendo Zomwe Siziyenera Kukhala Ziweto

Kugulitsa ndi kukhala ndi nyama zakunja ndizosaloledwa nthawi zambiri. Kuphatikiza pakuvulaza nyama mosayerekezereka, amathanso kuyambitsa zoopsa mavuto azaumoyo pagulu, popeza amatha kunyamula matenda omwe amapezeka m'malo omwe amachokera.

Zinyama zambiri zachilendo zomwe titha kugula zimachokera ku magalimoto osavomerezeka, popeza mitunduyi sichulukana ukapolo. Pakugwira ndikusamutsa, nyama zoposa 90% zimafa. Makolo amaphedwa anawo akagwidwa, ndipo popanda kuwasamalira, anawo sangakhale ndi moyo. Kuphatikiza apo, mayendedwe alibe umunthu, opanikizika m'mabotolo apulasitiki, obisika m'matumba ndipo amalowereranso m'manja a jekete ndi malaya.

Monga kuti sizinali zokwanira, ngati nyama ipulumuka mpaka ikafika kwathu ndipo, tikakhala pano, timatha kuyipulumutsa, imatha kuthawa ndipo dzikhazikitseni chokha ngati mtundu wowononga, kuthetseratu mitundu yachilengedwe komanso kuwononga chilengedwe.

Pansipa, tikuwonetsani nyama zosowa zomwe siziyenera kukhala ziweto:

• Kamba wofiira(Zolemba za elegans za Trachemys): Mitunduyi ndi imodzi mwamavuto akuluakulu omwe akukumana ndi zinyama za ku Iberia Peninsula ku Europe ndipo ndizosaloledwa kuyisunga ngati chiweto ku Brazil, malinga ndi IBAMA. Umwini wake monga chiweto chidayamba zaka zapitazo, koma mwachilengedwe, nyamazi zimakhala zaka zambiri, pamapeto pake zimafika pamlingo waukulu ndipo, nthawi zambiri, anthu amatopa nazo ndikuzisiya. Ndi momwe anafika m'mitsinje ndi nyanja zamayiko ena, ali ndi chilakolako chofuna kuti, nthawi zambiri, adatha kufafaniza anthu onse okhala ndi zokwawa komanso amphibiya. Kuphatikiza apo, tsiku ndi tsiku, akamba ofiira ofiira amafika kuzipatala za ziweto ndi mavuto azaumoyo obwera chifukwa chomangidwa ndi kusowa zakudya m'thupi.
• African pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) ndi zosowa zachilengedwe zomwe zikufanana kwambiri ndi ziwombankhanga zapadziko lapansi, mu ukapolo mtundu uwu umakhala ndimavuto ofanana ndi mitundu yakomweko.
• parakeet (psittacula krameri): Anthu amtunduwu amawononga kwambiri m'mizinda, koma vuto limapitilira apo. Mitunduyi imathamangitsa mbalame zina zambiri, ndi nyama zolusa ndipo zimaswana mosavuta. Vutoli lidabuka pomwe wina amene adawasunga ukapolo, kaya mwangozi kapena mwadala, adawamasula ku Europe. Mofanana ndi mbalame zina za parrot, amavutika ndi ukapolo. Kupsinjika, kukankha ndi mavuto azaumoyo ndi zina mwazifukwa zomwe zimabweretsa mbalamezi kupita kuchipatala ndipo, nthawi zambiri, zimachitika chifukwa chosasamalira bwino ndikumangidwa.
• Panda wofiira (ailurus fulgens): Ndi nyama yokhayokha yomwe imakhala ndi chizolowezi chamadzulo komanso usiku. Ikuwopsezedwa kuti ikutha chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa malo ake okhala komanso chifukwa cha kusaka kosaloledwa.

Nkhandwe ngati chiweto? Kodi zingatheke? Onani nkhani ina iyi ya PeritoAnimal.

Nyama zowopsa zomwe siziyenera kukhala ziweto

Kuphatikiza pa kukhala kwawo kosaloledwa, palinso nyama zina zomwe zili zowopsa kwambiri kwa anthu, chifukwa cha kukula kwake kapena kukalipa kwake. Pakati pawo, titha kupeza:

• coati (Mu fayilo yanu ya): ikakulira kunyumba, siyingathe kumasulidwa, chifukwa cha kuwononga kwake komanso nkhanza zake, chifukwa ndi nyama zakutchire komanso zosakhala zoweta.
• Njoka (mtundu uliwonse): Zimatengera ntchito yowonjezera kusamalira njoka ngati chiweto. Ndipo ngati muli ndi chilolezo kuchokera ku Ibama, chomwe chimangololeza kukhala ndi mitundu yopanda poyizoni, monga nsato, njoka ya chimanga, boa constrictor, nsato yaku India ndi nsato yachifumu.

Nyama zina zosakhala zoweta

Kuphatikiza pa nyama zomwe tatchulazi, mwatsoka anthu ambiri amalimbikira kukhala ndi chiweto chomwe sichiyenera kuweta pakhomo. Nawa ena mwa otchuka kwambiri:

• Ulesi (Folivora)
• Nzimbe (petaurus breviceps)
• Nkhandwe yam'chipululu kapena fenugreek (malungo zero)
• Capybara (PA)Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris)
• Lemur (Ma lemurifomu)
• Fulu (Chelonoidis carbonaria)

Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga zina zambiri zofanana ndi Nyama zomwe siziyenera kukhala ziweto, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulowe gawo lathu la Zomwe Mukuyenera Kudziwa.