Kusasamala kwanyama - tanthauzo ndi zitsanzo

Mlembi: Peter Berry
Tsiku La Chilengedwe: 18 Kulayi 2021
Sinthani Tsiku: 14 Novembala 2024
Anonim
Kusasamala kwanyama - tanthauzo ndi zitsanzo - Ziweto
Kusasamala kwanyama - tanthauzo ndi zitsanzo - Ziweto

Zamkati

Nyama zina zimakhala ndi mitundu yoopsa kwambiri zomwe zimakopa chidwi mosavuta. Ena amakhalanso ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino omwe amaphatikizira mitundu yonse yazomangamanga zoyenera kujambulidwa ndi Cubist. Zotsatira zake ndi agulugufe okongola, kafadala wamitundu yazitsulo kapena achule okomera.

Mitundu ya nyama izi ndiyopatsa chidwi kwambiri ndipo imavumbula zomwe wanyamula poyerekeza ndi omwe amawadya. Mwachiwonekere, titha kunena kuti alibe mwayi wopulumuka, koma kwenikweni mtundu wawo umateteza. Kodi mukufuna kudziwa chifukwa chake? Munkhaniyi ndi PeritoAnimal, tikulankhula za kusakonda nyama, tanthauzo lake ndi zitsanzo zodabwitsa kwambiri zachilengedwe.


tanthauzo la kusakonda

Aposmatism ndi njira yomwe nyama imathandizira thamangitsani adani anu popanda khama. amachita izi kuti akhale ake mitundu ya mitundu machenjezo osavuta kuzindikirika za kawopsedwe, kulawa kosasangalatsa, kapena chitetezo.

Zotsatira zake, chilombocho chimaphunzira kuzindikira mitundu yamitundu ndikuzifanizira ndi nyama yoopsa kapena yosasangalatsa. Chifukwa chake, akuganiza kuti ndi bwino kupita kukafunafuna chakudya kwina.

Kusakondera kwanyama ndi njira yolankhulirana yothandiza kwambiri. Munkhani yotsatira ya ExpertAnimal, mutha kuphunzira zamitundu ina yolumikizirana pakati pa nyama.

Aposmatism munyama ndi chisinthiko

Kusasamala kwanyama ndiko chifukwa cha kusinthika kwa zamoyo omwe amakhala nawo pamodzi ndi adani ake. Nthawi zambiri, nyama yomwe ili ndi mitundu yomwe imadziwika kuti ndi yoopsa imapulumuka. Zotsatira zake, nyamazi zimakhala ndi ana ochulukirapo ndipo zimapatsira mibadwo yawo mbadwo wotsatira, womwe udzalandire mitundu yawo.


Momwemonso, olusa nyama omwe samazindikira izi amasangalala kapena kufa. Chifukwa chake, iwo omwe amadziwa kuzindikira nyama yakupha kapena yowopsa ndi omwe amapulumuka ndipo amatha kusiya ana ambiri. Mwanjira imeneyi, olusa osakondera komanso nyama kusintha pamodzi ndi "kusankha" okha mwa chisinthiko.

Kutsanzira kukhulupirika komanso kutsanzira nyama

Pamene mitundu ingapo ya nyama iwonetsa mtundu womwewo wa mitundu yosavomerezeka yomwe imapezekanso, akuti adakumana ndi a ndondomeko yotsanzira. Ngati onse ali ndi chitetezo, ndikutsanzira kwa Müllerian; koma ngati m'modzi yekha atha kudziteteza, timayankhula zotsanzira za Batesian. Munthawi yapaderayi, tikunena kuti kukopera kapena "kupusitsa" zamoyo zili ndi kusakhulupirika kwabodza.

Kusakondera mu ladybugs

Ma ladybugs ndi Coleoptera m'banja la Coccinellidae. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ofiira kapena achikasu. Mitundu iyi ikuwonetsa kukoma kwake kosasangalatsa. Chifukwa chake, zolusa zomwe zimawayesa asankha kuti asasakenso nyama yomwe imawoneka chimodzimodzi.


Chifukwa cha kusakonda nyama, madona amatha kuonedwa ngati ena mwa tizilombo tokongola kwambiri padziko lapansi. Odziwika kwambiri ndi Coccinella septempunctata.

Aposematism mu agulugufe achifumu ndi omenyera ufulu

Gulugufe wamfumu (Danaus plexippus) ili ndi mitundu yokongola ya lalanje, yakuda ndi yoyera. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timadyetsa zomera za mtunduwo Malingaliro omwe ali ndi gawo lowopsa. Komabe, m'malo mokhudzidwa, agulugufe achifumu amasonkhanitsa poizoni mthupi lanu monga njira yodzitetezera kwa adani ake.

Gulugufe wolimbana (Zolemba za limenitis) ndiwonso poizoni ndipo amafanana mofanana ndi agulugufe a monarch. Chifukwa cha izi, olusa amangoyenera kuzindikira mtundu wamitundu ndipo aliyense amapambana.

Aposematism mu mavu

Mitundu yambiri ya mavu (ma taxa osiyanasiyana mu dongosolo la Hymenoptera) amakhala ndi mphete zachikaso ndi zakuda pamimba pawo. Adani anu amatanthauzira izi mitundu ngati ngozi, choncho sangayerekeze kuzidya. Samazichita popanda chifukwa, popeza mavu amakhala ndi mbola yamphamvu kwambiri. Chitsanzo chabwino ndi mavu aku Europe (mavu a nkhanu).

Aposematism mu mantis shrimp

Nsomba ya mantis (Gonodactylus smithii) amakhala pamiyala yamiyala yaku Australia. Ndi crustacean wokhala ndi mwayi wapadera komanso mitundu yowala kwambiri. Ndi nyama yapoizoni komanso zoopsa kwambiri.

Chifukwa cha nkhwangwa zake zakuthwa, imagunda nyama yake mwachangu kwambiri, kotero kuti imayambitsa kupindika m'madzi ndipo imatha kupha nyama zina popanda kuwamenya mwachindunji.

Kuti mumve zambiri, mutha kukhala ndi chidwi ndi nkhani ina yokhudza nyama zowopsa kwambiri padziko lapansi.

Kusasamala kwanyama ku salamanders

Ma salamanders (oda Urodelos) ali nawo Ziphuphu zakhungu ndipo nthawi zambiri zinthu zina zapoizoni zomwe zitha kupopera kuchokera kutali. Ambiri a iwo amachenjeza adani awo chifukwa cha kusakhulupirira nyama. Chitsanzo chabwino cha izi ndi mitundu wachikasu ndi wakuda a salamander wamba (salamander salamander).

Chitsanzo china ndi Salamandra Terdigitata (Salamandrin sp.), yomwe ili ndi gawo loyenda la thupi lofiirira, lakuda ndi loyera. Chofiira chimayang'ana kumbuyo, mchira ndi miyendo. Akasokonezedwa, amatukula mutu ndi miyendo yawo kwinaku akupinda mchira wawo kumutu. Chifukwa chake, amawonetsa utoto wofiyira ndipo amathamangitsa nyama zolusa.

Kusakhulupirika mu Opossums

Mephitidae (banja la Mephitidae) ndi nyama zakuda ndi zoyera. Mitunduyi siyithandiza kudzitchinjiriza mwachilengedwe momwe zimakhalira zikopa, koma ndizizindikiro zachitetezo chobisika: kununkhira kosasangalatsa komwe kumabisalidwa ndi ma gland anu a kumatako. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazitsanzo zochepa chabe zakusakhulupirika kwa nyama munyama.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zotchuka kwambiri ndi ma mephitis mephitis, yotchedwa stripum possum.

Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga zina zambiri zofanana ndi Kusasamala kwanyama - tanthauzo ndi zitsanzo, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulowe mu gawo lathu la Curiosities la nyama.