Zamkati
- Momwe nsomba zimapumira mpweya womwe umapezeka m'madzi
- nsomba kupuma dongosolo
- Kodi nsomba zimapuma bwanji, zili ndi mapapo?
- Nsomba amagona: kufotokoza
Nsomba, komanso nyama zakutchire kapena nyama zam'madzi, zimafunikira kutulutsa mpweya kuti ukhale ndi moyo, iyi ndi imodzi mwa ntchito zofunika kwambiri. Komabe, nsomba sizimapeza mpweya kuchokera mlengalenga, zimatha kutenga mpweya wosungunuka m'madzi kudzera m'chiwalo chotchedwa brachia.
Mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za nsomba zimapuma bwanji? Munkhaniyi ndi PeritoAnimalongosola tifotokozera momwe makina opumira a teleost alili komanso momwe kupuma kwawo kumagwirira ntchito. Pitilizani kuwerenga!
Momwe nsomba zimapumira mpweya womwe umapezeka m'madzi
Pa brachia a teleost nsomba, omwe ndi ambiri mwa nsomba kupatula a shark, kunyezimira, nyali ndi hagfish, amapezeka. mbali zonse ziwiri za mutu. Mutha kuwona opercular patsekeke, yomwe ndi gawo la "nkhope ya nsomba" yomwe imatseguka panja ndipo amatchedwa operculum. Pakati pamitsempha iliyonse pali brachia.
Brachia imathandizidwa mwamphamvu ndi zinayi zipilala za brachial. Kuchokera pachimake chilichonse cha brachial, pali magulu awiri a ulusi wotchedwa brachial filaments omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe "V" okhudzana ndi chipilalacho. Finya iliyonse imagundana ndi filament yoyandikana nayo, ndikupanga tangle. Nawonso ulusi wa brachial ali ndi malingaliro awoawo otchedwa secondary lamellae. Apa pamakhala kusinthana kwa gasi, nsomba zimatenga mpweya ndikutulutsa carbon dioxide.
Nsombayo imatenga madzi a m'nyanja kudzera pakamwa, ndipo mwa njira yovuta, imatulutsa madzi kudzera pa operculum, yomwe idadutsa kale pa lamellae, komwe ili tengani mpweya.
nsomba kupuma dongosolo
O nsomba kupuma dongosolo amalandira dzina la pampu ya oro-opercular. Pampu yoyamba, buccal, imakhala ndi vuto labwino, imatumiza madzi kumalo opercular ndipo, kenako, bwaloli, kudzera pakukakamiza, limayamwa madzi mkamwa. Mwachidule, m'kamwa mumakankhira madzi m'mimbamo ndipo izi zimayamwa.
Popuma, nsomba imatsegula pakamwa pake komanso dera lomwe lilime limatsitsidwa, ndikupangitsa madzi ochulukirapo kulowa chifukwa kuthamanga kumachepa ndipo madzi am'nyanja amalowa mkamwa mokomera gradient. Pambuyo pake, imatseka pakamwa ndikuwonjezera kukakamiza ndikupangitsa kuti madzi adutse pamtunda, pomwe kuthamanga kumakhala kotsika.
Kenako, opercular cavity contract, yokakamiza madzi kuti adutse brachia komwe kusinthana kwa gasi ndikuchoka mosadutsa kudzera pa operculum. Ikatsegulanso pakamwa pake, nsomba imatulutsanso madzi.
Phunzirani momwe nsomba zimaberekera m'nkhaniyi ya PeritoAnimal.
Kodi nsomba zimapuma bwanji, zili ndi mapapo?
Ngakhale zikuwoneka ngati zotsutsana, chisinthiko chapangitsa kuti nsomba zam'mapapu ziwonekere. Pakati pa phylogeny, amagawidwa m'kalasi MulembeFM chifukwa chokhala ndi zipsepse zololedwa. Mafupa awa amakhulupirira kuti ndi ofanana ndi nsomba zoyambirira zomwe zidatulutsa nyama zapadziko lapansi. Pali mitundu isanu ndi umodzi yokha yodziwika ya nsomba zomwe zili ndi mapapo, ndipo timangodziwa zina mwazosunga zina mwa izo. Ena alibe ngakhale dzina wamba.
Pa mitundu ya nsomba ndi mapapo ndi:
- Piramboia (Lmatenda osokoneza bongo);
- African lungfishProtopterus annectens);
- Protopterus amphibius;
- Protopterus dolloi;
- Nsomba zam'mapapo ku Australia.
Ngakhale amatha kupuma mpweya, nsombazi zimakonda kwambiri madzi, ngakhale zitakhala zochepa chifukwa cha chilala, zimabisala pansi pamatope, kuteteza thupi ndi ntchofu zomwe zimatha kupanga. Khungu limakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kusowa kwa madzi m'thupi, chifukwa chake popanda njirayi amatha kufa.
Dziwani za nsomba zomwe zimatuluka m'madzi m'nkhaniyi ndi PeritoAnimal.
Nsomba amagona: kufotokoza
Funso lina lomwe limadzetsa kukayika pakati pa anthu ndiloti nsomba zimagona, chifukwa nthawi zonse amakhala otseguka. Nsomba zimakhala ndi gawo la neural lomwe limalola kuti nyama igone, chifukwa chake titha kunena kuti nsomba imatha kugona. Komabe, nkovuta kudziwa pomwe nsomba ili m'tulo chifukwa zizindikirazo sizimveka bwino monga, tchulani, munyama. Chizindikiro chimodzi chodziwikiratu kuti nsomba ikugona ndikumatha nthawi yayitali. Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za momwe nsomba zimagonera komanso nthawi yomwe tulo timagona, onani nkhani ya PeritoAnimal.
Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga zina zambiri zofanana ndi Momwe nsomba zimapumira: mafotokozedwe ndi zitsanzo, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulowe mu gawo lathu la Curiosities la nyama.