Momwe Mungachiritse Khansa Ya m'mawere Amphaka - Zomwe Zimayambitsa ndi Zizindikiro

Zamkati

• Kodi khansa ya m'mawere ndi amphaka ndi chiyani?
• Zomwe zimayambitsa khansa ya m'mawere m'mphaka
• Zowopsa za Khansa ya M'mawere a Feline
• Zizindikiro za Khansa ya m'mawere mu Amphaka
• Kuzindikira kwa khansa ya m'mawere ya feline
• Magawo a khansa ya m'mawere mu amphaka
• Momwe Mungachiritse Khansa Ya m'mawere Amphaka
• Kodi opareshoni ya chotupa cha m'mawere mu amphaka ndi yotani?
  
• Chemotherapy ya khansa ya m'mawere mu amphaka
• Matenda a Khansa ya m'mawere Amphaka
• Kupewa khansa ya m'mawere mu amphaka

Kodi mukuzindikira kuti mphaka wanu ali ndi mawere otupa kapena otupa? Chitha kukhala chizindikiro cha khansa ya m'mawere, mtundu wachitatu wofala kwambiri wa khansa mumtundu uwu. Kutaya kwamphaka koyambirira ndi njira yofunika yodzitetezera popeza khansa yambiri ndiyokwiyitsa, amatchedwa adenocarcinomas. Chifukwa chake, kuzindikira msanga momwe zingathere, komanso kugwira ntchito kwathunthu kwa matumbo, ndikofunikira kuti katsitsi kathu kakhale ndi moyo.

Kodi mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za momwe muyenera kuchitirakhansa ya m'mawere mu amphaka? Munkhaniyi ndi PeritoAnimal, tifotokoza kuti khansa ya m'mawere ndi amphaka ndi iti, zizindikiritso zake, kuzindikira kwake, matenda ake ndi mwayi wothandizidwa nawo.

Kodi khansa ya m'mawere ndi amphaka ndi chiyani?

Khansa ya m'mawere ndikusintha kwa maselo abwinobwino m'matumbo a mammary kukhala maselo otupa omwe ali ndi kuthekera kokulira ndikulowerera matupi oyandikira kapena akutali kudzera munjira zamagazi kapena zamitsempha.

Mu mphaka, chotupa cha m'mawere chiri mtundu wachitatu wa khansa wofala kwambiri, chachiwiri kwa lymphoma ndi zotupa pakhungu. Zoyipa zimapezeka pafupipafupi kuposa zoyipa, ndi kuchuluka kwa 90% ndi kufa kwambiri.

Adenocarcinomas ndi zotupa zofala kwambiri mu amphaka achikazi. Kuphatikiza apo, pafupifupi 35% ya zotupa za m'mawere panthawi yomwe matendawa anali atazolowera kale kumatumba oyandikira. Matendawa amatha kukhudza ziwalo zingapo, zomwe zimachitika kupitirira 80% ya milandu m'mapapo.

Kuti mumve zambiri, mutha kuwerenga nkhani iyi ya PeritoAnimal yokhudza khansa yamphaka - mitundu, zizindikilo ndi chithandizo.

Zomwe zimayambitsa khansa ya m'mawere m'mphaka

Zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa khansa ya m'mawere mu amphaka timapeza zinthu zina, ma carcinogen, ma virus ena ndi zowononga zachilengedwe. Komabe, chomwe chimayambitsa kwambiri ndi mahomoni, popeza zotupa za m'mawere zimadalira mahomoni, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ambiri mwa iwo ali ndi zolandilira motsutsana ndi ma estrogens ndi progestins, chifukwa chake, yolera koyambirira ndiyo njira yabwino yopewera.

Chithandizo chanthawi yayitali chokhala ndi progestogen chimakulitsa chiopsezo chakuwonetsera, monga njira yayikulu yomwe progesterone kapena progestogens imathandizira zotupa kuchulukitsa kwa kukula kwa mahomoni m'matenda a mammary.

Zowopsa za Khansa ya M'mawere a Feline

Kuopsa kwa mphaka kukhala ndi khansa ya m'mawere kumawonjezeka:

• Pamene msinkhu wanu ukuwonjezeka.
• Ngati sichilowerera.
• Ngati atumizidwa mochedwa kwambiri.

Mitundu iliyonse imatha kukhudzidwa, koma kafukufuku wina akuwonetsa kuti amphaka achikazi achi Siam ali pachiwopsezo chambiri chodwala matendawa. Amphaka amtundu wa ku Europe nthawi zambiri amakhala pafupipafupi.

Zizindikiro za Khansa ya m'mawere mu Amphaka

Mukawona kutupa kwa bere la mphaka, ndibwino kumvetsera. amphaka ali nawo Chifuwa chathunthu ogawika m'magulu awiri achikondi ndi awiri awiri a caudal. Zotupa za m'mawere zitha kuwoneka zokhazokha ngati gawo limodzi, locheperako, lonyamula kapena kukula kofanana ndi kulowa m'malo ozama omwe amatha kutuluka zilonda zam'mimba ndikupangitsa matenda ena.

Zimakhalanso zachizoloŵezi kuti chifuwa chofanana chimakhudzidwa ma nodule angapo, ngakhale zili zachilendo kuti mawere angapo asokonezeke (mudzawona kutupa m'mabere a feline). Pafupi Amphaka 60% ali ndi chotupa chopitilira chimodzi ikapezeka. Ma lymph node apafupi nawonso amakhudzidwa.

Mu amphaka, kukwiya kwa chotupa cha m'mawere ndikokulirapo kuposa agalu achikazi, kotero kuti ma cell am'matumbo amalowa mwachangu m'chigawo cha mitsempha yamagazi ndikuthira ziwalo zakutali. Inu zizindikiro zachipatala chosonyeza chotupa cha m'mawere mu amphaka ndi:

• Kutupa mu bere limodzi kapena angapo (kutupa kwa bere mumphaka)
• Kukula kwa mitunduyi.
• Zilonda zam'mimba.
• Matenda a m'mawere.
• Matenda am'mapapo kapena ziwalo zina ngati chotupacho chafalikira.
• Kuchepetsa thupi.
• Kufooka.

Kuzindikira kwa khansa ya m'mawere ya feline

Njira yodziwira matendawa imaphatikizapo magazi, mkodzo ndi chifuwa radiographs. Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi amphaka achikazi okalamba, ndikofunikanso kuyeza T4 kuti muwone momwe chithokomiro chilili.

Ngakhale zotupa zambiri za m'mawere amphaka ndizoyipa, chifukwa cha zotupa za m'mawere zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa, a masiyanidwe matenda ndi matenda ena omwe amphaka omwe sangathenso kutulutsa amatha: fibroadenomatous hyperplasia, pseudopregnancy ndi mimba.

O dongosolo lodziwika bwino la chotupa Khansa ya m'mawere ya Feline imayambira kukula kwa chotupa choyambirira poyesa m'mimba mwake (T), kutenga ma lymph node (N) oyandikira komanso metastasis kumadera akutali (M). Zilonda zonse za mammary ndi minofu yoyandikana nayo iyenera kumenyedwa, kuphatikiza palpation ndi cytology ya ma lymph node, chifuwa cha X-rays chomwe chimatengedwa m'malingaliro angapo kuti chifufuze metastasis yamapapu, ndi m'mimba ultrasound kuyesera metastasis m'mimba yam'mimba.

Magawo a khansa ya m'mawere mu amphaka

Magawo a khansa ya m'mawere mu amphaka ndi awa:

• Ine: ziphuphu zosakwana 2 cm (T1).
• II: 2-3 masentimita mabampu (T2).
• III: ziphuphu zazikulu kuposa 3 cm (T3) kapena zopanda metastasis (N0 kapena N1) kapena T1 kapena T2 yokhala ndi metastasis (N1).
• IV: metastasis yakutali (M1) komanso kupezeka kapena kupezeka kwa dera la metastasis.

Momwe Mungachiritse Khansa Ya m'mawere Amphaka

Monga mammary adenocarcinomas mu amphaka achikazi ndi olanda komanso amakhala ndi vuto lotenga nawo mbali kwambiri, nkhanza. Ngati mukufuna kudziwa momwe mungachiritse khansa ya m'mawere mu amphaka, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti mankhwalawa adzakhala ndi opaleshoni yochotsa m'mawere, yotchedwanso mastectomy, yomwe imatha kuthandizidwa ndi chemotherapy ndi radiotherapy. Radiotherapy ndi mankhwala am'deralo omwe amphaka amatha kukhala othandiza popewera chotupa.

Kodi opareshoni ya chotupa cha m'mawere mu amphaka ndi yotani?

Mastectomy mu amphaka ndi owopsa kuposa mitundu ya canine, monga ziyenera kuchitidwa munthawi yonse ya bere lomwe lakhudzidwa. Amaletsedweratu pokhapokha matendawa atakula kwambiri ndipo kale pali metastases ku ziwalo zakutali, ndiye kuti mastectomy wathunthu mbali imodzi ngati mabere omwe akhudzidwa ali muntambo umodzi kapena amgwirizano wathunthu ngati mabere omwe akhudzidwa amagawidwa m'maketani onse awiri. Komanso, iyenera kuchotsedwa kwathunthu ndi m'mbali mwake zomwe ndizofunikira pochepetsa khansa kubwereranso m'derali komanso kuwonjezera nthawi yopulumuka.

Ma lymph node omwe akhudzidwa ziyeneranso kuphatikizidwa mu mastectomy. Inguinal lymph node imachotsedwa limodzi ndi caudal mammary gland ndipo axillary lymph node imachotsedwa pokhapokha ikakulitsidwa kapena ngati metastasis ipezeka pa cytology. Akachotsedwa, amayenera kutolera zitsanzo kuti atumize ku histopathology kuti akazindikire mtundu wa chotupa chomwe amphaka ali nacho.

Mu nthawi ya postoperative ya mastectomy mu amphaka, the analgesics ndi maantibayotiki amafunikira kuti athetse ululu, kutupa komanso matenda omwe angabuke. Sabata yoyamba ndiyomwe imakhala yovuta kwambiri, makamaka yokwanira. Zitha kutenga masiku angapo kuti mphaka wanu asangalale, asangalale komanso akhale wathanzi kuti asinthe. Ziyenera kuyikidwa Mkanda wa Elizabethan osanyambita malowo ndikutulika masokosi. Kumbali inayi, zovuta zotheka ndi:

• Ache.
• Kutupa.
• Matenda.
• Nekrosisi.
• Kudzivulaza.
• Kusokonezeka kwa ma suture.
• Nthiti yakumbuyo edema.

Chemotherapy ya khansa ya m'mawere mu amphaka

Njira yabwino yothanirana ndi khansa ya m'mawere ndi amphaka ndikugwiritsa ntchito mfundo za oncology. Adjunct chemotherapy amalimbikitsidwa amphaka achikazi omwe ali ndi magawo azachipatala III ndi IV kapena amphaka ndi Gawo lachiwiri kapena lachitatu zotupa zoyipa. Imachitika pambuyo pothana ndi chotupa kuti ichedwetse kubwereranso, ikuchulukitsa nthawi yokhululuka ndikuchepetsa mawonekedwe a metastasis. Nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kwa milungu 3-4 iliyonse, Kupereka okwana mayendedwe 4-6. Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zingawonekere paka yomwe imalandira chemotherapy ndi iyi: anorexia ndi kuchepa magazi m'thupi komanso kuchepa kwama cell oyera chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwa mitsempha.

Zingakhale zosangalatsa kuwonjezera fayilo ya mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito zotupa (NSAID) yomwe imaletsa cyclooxygenase type 2 (COX-2), monga firocoxib kapena meloxicam, popeza zotupazi zasonyezedwa kuti zikuwonetsa COX-2. Mbali inayi, zosiyana ndondomeko za chemotherapy akhala akufotokozedwa za zotupa za m'mawere:

• Ngati tikulimbana ndi khansa ya m'mawere yachitatu kapena IV: doxorubicin (20-30 mg / m2 kapena 1 mg / kg kudzera m'mitsempha m'masabata atatu aliwonse) + cyclophosphamide (100 mg / m2 masiku atatu pamasabata atatu pamsewu wapakamwa).
• Ndi opaleshoni + carboplatin (200 mg / m2 kudzera m'mitsempha m'masabata atatu aliwonse, maphunziro 4 awonetsa kupulumuka kwapakati pa masiku 428.
• Amphaka omwe amachita opaleshoni ndi doxorubicin m'matumba ocheperako 2 cm adawonetsa kupulumuka kwapakati pa masiku 450.
• Ndi opaleshoni ndi doxorubicin, kupulumuka kwamasiku 1998.
• Ndi opaleshoni, doxorubicin ndi meloxicam kupulumuka kwamasiku a 460 kunawonedwa.
• Ndi opaleshoni ndi mitoxantrone (6 mg / m2 kudzera m'mitsempha m'masabata atatu aliwonse, kuchuluka kwa 4) kupulumuka kwamasiku 450 kudatsimikizika.

Nthawi zambiri imatsagana ndi zowonjezera zakudya, antiemetics ndi zolimbikitsa kudya popewa kuwonda ndi kukonza zofooka. Nthawi yomweyo, ngati mphaka ali ndi vuto lililonse, ayenera kuthandizidwa.

Tsopano popeza mukudziwa momwe mungachiritse khansa ya m'mawere mu amphaka, kenako tikambirana zamankhwalawa.

Matenda a Khansa ya m'mawere Amphaka

Nthawi yapakati yopulumuka kuchokera pakudziwika kwa khansa ya m'mawere mpaka kufa kwa mphaka ndi Miyezi 10-12. Kuzindikira koyambirira ndi matendawo oyambilira ndizofunikira pakukulitsa nthawi yopulumuka.

Kulosera kudzakhala komweko choipa chimakula kukula kwa chotupacho, choncho ngati chotupa kapena chotupacho ndi chachikulu kwambiri, samalani. Omwe amakhala ndi m'mimba mwake amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali yokhululukidwa komanso amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali yopulumuka. Kukhalapo kwa metastasis yakutali nthawi zonse kumawonetsera kuti matendawa sangachitike.

Mwanjira iyi, ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse m'mawere anu, muyenera pitani kwa owona zanyama kuti mudziwe posachedwa ngati tikukumana ndi khansa kapena matenda ena amabere. Monga tafotokozera kale, kupita patsogolo kwa khansa ya m'mawere ndi yowopsa, chifukwa nthawi zambiri imalowera m'mapapu athu, kumamupangitsa kuti apume bwino, komanso ziwalo zina za thupi lake, ndipo pamapeto pake zidzakupatsani imfa.

Kupewa khansa ya m'mawere mu amphaka

Kupewa kwabwino kwa khansa ya m'mawere mu mphaka ndi Kuthamangitsidwa koyambirira, musanakhale woyamba kutentha, chifukwa ichepetsa kwambiri mwayi wovutika ndi matendawa, omwe ndi ofunikira, chifukwa nthawi yomwe amphaka amakhala ndi khansa ya m'mawere ndiyotsika kwambiri, ngakhale atalandira chithandizo.

Ngati chosawilitsidwa pambuyo pa chaka choyamba cha moyo, ngakhale palibe kuchepa kwa mwayi wa khansa ya m'mawere, imatha kupewa matenda ena monga pyometra, metritis ndi ovarian kapena zotupa za chiberekero.

kuponyedwa koyambirira amachepetsa kwambiri chiwonetsero chamtsogolo cha khansa ya m'mawere mu amphaka, kuti:

• Imachepa ndi 91% ngati itachitika miyezi isanu ndi umodzi isanafike, ndiye kuti azingokhala ndi mwayi 9% wovutika.
• Pambuyo pa kutentha koyamba, kuthekera kudzakhala 14%.
• Pambuyo pa kutentha kwachiwiri, kuthekera kudzakhala 89%.
• Pambuyo pa kutentha kwachitatu, chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere sichichepetsedwa.

Munkhaniyi mwawona zomwe zili, zizindikilo komanso momwe mungachiritse khansa ya m'mawere mu amphaka. Pansipa, timasiya vidiyo kuchokera pa YouTube ya PeritoAnimal yokhudza matenda ofala kwambiri amphaka omwe angakusangalatseni:

Nkhaniyi ndi yongofuna kudziwa zambiri, ku PeritoAnimal.com.br sitingathe kupereka chithandizo chamankhwala kapena mtundu uliwonse wa matenda. Tikukulangizani kuti mupite ndi chiweto chanu kuchipatala ngati chili ndi vuto lililonse.

Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga zina zambiri zofanana ndi Momwe Mungachiritse Khansa Ya m'mawere Amphaka - Zomwe Zimayambitsa ndi Zizindikiro, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulowe gawo lathu la Matenda Opatsirana.