Njovu zaku Asia - Mitundu ndi Makhalidwe

Zamkati

• Kodi njovu ku Asia amakhala kuti?
• Makhalidwe A Njovu ku Asia
• Mitundu ya Njovu zaku Asia
• Njovu zaku India (Elephas maximus indicus)
• Njovu ya Sri Lankan (Elephas maximus maximus)
• Njovu ya Sumatran (Elephas maximus sumatranus)
• Njovu zaku pygmy, njovu yaku Asia?
• zomwe njovu zaku Asia zimadya
• Kubereka njovu ku Asia
• Njira zoberekera za Njovu yaku Asia
• Mkhalidwe Woteteza Njovu ku Asia

Kodi mumamudziwa Elephas Maximus, dzina lasayansi la njovu yaku Asia, nyama yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi? Makhalidwe ake akhala chikwiyire kukopa ndi kukopa mwa anthu, zomwe zinali ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa pamitunduyi chifukwa cha kupha nyama mosavomerezeka. Nyama izi ndi za dongosolo la Proboscidea, banja la Elephantidae ndi mtundu wa Elephas.

Ponena za mtundu wa subspecies, pali malingaliro osiyanasiyana, komabe, olemba ena amazindikira kukhalapo kwa mitundu itatu, yomwe ndi: njovu yaku India, njovu yaku Sri Lankan ndi njovu ya Sumatran. Zomwe zimasiyanitsa mtundu wina uliwonse, makamaka, ndi kusiyana kwa khungu ndi kukula kwa matupi awo. Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za Njovu zaku Asia - mitundu ndi mawonekedwe, pitirizani kuwerenga nkhaniyi ndi PeritoAnimal.

Kodi njovu ku Asia amakhala kuti?

O njovu yaku Asia kwawo ndi ku Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand ndi Vietnam.

M'mbuyomu, mitunduyi idapezeka kudera lalikulu, kuchokera kumadzulo kwa Asia, kudutsa kugombe la Iran mpaka India, komanso ku Southeast Asia ndi China. Komabe, idazimiririka m'malo ambiri momwe idakhazikikapo poyamba, ikuyang'ana kwambiri anthu akutali M'mayiko 13 m'chigawo chonse choyambirira. Zinyama zina zakutchire zikadalipo pazilumba ku India.

Kugawidwa kwake ndikokulirapo, motero njovu yaku Asia ilipo malo osiyanasiyana okhala, makamaka m'nkhalango zam'malo otentha ndi udzu waukulu. Itha kupezekanso m'malo osiyanasiyana, kuyambira kunyanja mpaka 3000 mita pamwamba pa nyanja.

Njovu yaku Asia imafunikira kuti ipulumuke kupezeka kwamadzi nthawi zonse m'malo ake, omwe samangogwiritsa ntchito pakumwa kokha, komanso posamba komanso kupumula.

Madera omwe amagawidwa ndi akulu kwambiri chifukwa chokhoza kusuntha, komabe, madera omwe asankha kukhalako azidalira kupezeka kwa chakudya ndi madzi mbali imodzi, komanso mbali inayi, kuchokera pakusintha komwe zinthu zachilengedwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa anthu.

Munkhani ina yolembedwa ndi PeritoAnyama tikukuwuzani kuchuluka kwa njovu.

Makhalidwe A Njovu ku Asia

Njovu zaku Asia ndizokhalitsa ndipo zimatha kukhala zaka 60 mpaka 70. nyama zozizwitsa izi itha kufikira kuchokera 2 mpaka 3.5 mita kutalika ndi kupitirira mamitala 6, ngakhale amakhala ocheperako njovu yaku Africa, yolemera matani 6.

Ali ndi mutu waukulu ndipo thunthu ndi mchira wake ndi wautali, komabe, makutu awo ndi ocheperako kuposa achibale awo aku Africa. Za nyama, sianthu onse amtunduwu omwe amakhala nawo, makamaka akazi, omwe nthawi zambiri alibe, pomwe mwa amuna ndi zazitali ndi zazikulu.

Khungu lake ndi lochindikala komanso louma, lili ndi tsitsi lochepa kwambiri kapenanso silinakhalepo, ndipo mtundu wake umasiyana pakati paimvi ndi zofiirira. Ponena za miyendo, miyendo yakutsogolo ili ndi zala zisanu zooneka ngati ziboda, pomwe miyendo yakumbuyo ili ndi zala zinayi.

Ngakhale amakhala akulu komanso olemera, amatha msanga komanso amakhala olimba mtima akamayenda, komanso amasambira bwino. Chodziwikiratu kwambiri cha njovu yaku Asia ndi kupezeka kwa lobe limodzi m'mphuno mwake, lomwe lili kumapeto kwa thunthu lake. Pakati pa njovu zaku Africa, kumaliza kwa thunthu kumatha ndi ma lobes awiri. Kapangidwe kameneka ndi zofunika pa chakudya, kumwa madzi, kununkhiza, kukhudza, kupanga mawu, kutsuka, kugona pansi ngakhalenso kumenya nkhondo.

Inu Njovu zaku Asia ndizinyama zakutchire omwe amakonda kukhala m'magulu kapena m'mabanja, opangidwa makamaka azimayi, pomwe pamakhala wamkulu wachikulire komanso wamwamuna wachikulire, kuwonjezera pa ana.

Chikhalidwe china cha nyama izi ndikuti adazolowera kuyenda maulendo ataliatali kuti apeze chakudya ndi pogona, komabe, amakhala ndiubwenzi woyanjana ndi madera omwe amawatcha kuti kwawo.

Mitundu ya Njovu zaku Asia

Njovu zaku Asia zimagawika m'magulu atatu:

Njovu zaku India (Elephas maximus indicus)

Njovu zaku India ndizomwe zili ndi anthu ambiri kuposa mitundu itatu yonseyi. Amakhala makamaka m'malo osiyanasiyana ku India, ngakhale atha kupezeka ochepa kunja kwa dziko lino.

Ndi imvi yakuda mpaka bulauni, pomwe pamakhala mawanga owala kapena pinki. Kulemera kwake ndi kukula kwake kuli pakatikati poyerekeza ndi ma subspecies ena awiri. Ndi nyama yochezeka kwambiri.

Njovu ya Sri Lankan (Elephas maximus maximus)

Njovu ya ku Sri Lank ndi njovu zazikulu kwambiri ku Asia, zolemera matani 6. Ndi imvi kapena thupi lofiira ndi mawanga akuda kapena lalanje ndipo pafupifupi onse alibe mano.

Imafalikira m'malo ouma pachilumba cha Sri Lanka. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera, samapitilira anthu sikisi sikisi.

Njovu ya Sumatran (Elephas maximus sumatranus)

Njovu ya Sumatran ndi yaying'ono kwambiri pagulu laku Asia. Zili pachiwopsezo chachikulu kuti zitha ndipo, ngati kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu, ma subspecies awa atha m'zaka zikubwerazi.

Ili ndi makutu akulu kuposa omwe adalipo kale, kuphatikiza nthiti zingapo.

Njovu zaku pygmy, njovu yaku Asia?

Nthawi zina, njovu ya Borneo pygmy (Elephas maximus borneensis) amadziwika kuti ndi gawo lachinayi la njovu zaku Asia. Komabe, asayansi angapo amakana lingaliro ili, kuphatikiza nyama iyi mu subspecies Elephas maximus indicus kapena Elephas maximus sumatranus. Zotsatira zamaphunziro olondola ofotokozera kusiyanaku zikuyembekezereka.

zomwe njovu zaku Asia zimadya

Njovu yaku Asia ndi nyama yayikulu yodya kwambiri ndipo imafuna chakudya chochuluka tsiku lililonse. M'malo mwake, nthawi zambiri kucheza maola 14 patsiku, kotero amatha kudya mpaka 150 kg ya chakudya. Zakudya zawo zimakhala ndi mitundu yambiri yazomera ndipo kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti amatha kudya mitundu 80 yazomera zosiyanasiyana, kutengera malo okhala komanso nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa chake amatha kudya zakudya zosiyanasiyana:

• Zomera za nkhuni.
• Udzu.
• Mizu.
• Zimayambira.
• Zipolopolo.

Kuphatikiza apo, njovu zaku Asia zimathandiza kwambiri pakufalitsa mbewu m'zinthu zomwe zimakhala, chifukwa zimafalitsa mbewu zambiri mosavuta.

Kubereka njovu ku Asia

Njovu zachimuna zaku Asia nthawi zambiri zimakula msinkhu wazaka 10 mpaka 15, pomwe zazikazi zimakhwima msanga. Kutchire, akazi nthawi zambiri amabereka azaka zapakati pa 13 ndi 16. Ali ndi nthawi ya Kutenga miyezi 22 ndipo ali ndi mwana m'modzi, yemwe amatha kulemera mpaka ma 100 kilos, ndipo nthawi zambiri amayamwitsa mpaka atakwanitsa zaka 5, ngakhale atakwanitsa zaka amatha kudya zomera.

Amayi amatha kutenga pakati nthawi iliyonse pachaka, ndipo amawonetsa kufunitsitsa kwawo kwa amuna. Inu nthawi ya bere Kwa akazi amakhala pakati pa zaka 4 ndi 5, komabe, pakakhala kuchuluka kwa anthu, nthawi ino akhoza kuwonjezeka.

Njovu zimakhala pachiwopsezo chophwanyidwa ndi amphaka amtchire, komabe, ntchito yamtunduwu imawonekeranso bwino munthawi izi, pamene amayi ndi agogo amathandiza kwambiri poteteza ana obadwa kumene, makamaka agogo.

Njira zoberekera za Njovu yaku Asia

Khalidwe lina la njovu yaku Asia ndikuti amuna akulu kumwaza anyamata amphongo Akakhwima pogonana, amakhala m'malo omwe amakhala kunyumba, anyamata achichepere amatha kupatukana ndi ziwetozo.

Njirayi ingakhale ndi maubwino ena popewa kubereka pakati pa anthu ogwirizana (inbreeding), zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuyenda kwa majini. Mkazi akakhwima, amuna amayandikira gulu ndipo Limbanani ndi kubereka, ngakhale izi sizitengera kokha kuti wamwamuna agonjetse enawo, komanso wamkazi kumulandira.

Mkhalidwe Woteteza Njovu ku Asia

Njovu yaku Asia yatha ku Pakistan, pomwe ku Vietnam kuli anthu pafupifupi 100. Ku Sumatra ndi Myanmar, njovu yaku Asia ndi pangozi kwambiri.

Kwa zaka zambiri, njovu zaku Asia zakhala zikuphedwa kuti zitenge minyanga ndi khungu la zithumwa. Kuphatikiza apo, akuti njovu zambiri zapatsidwa poyizoni kapena kuwotchedwa ndi magetsi mpaka kufa ndi anthu kuti zizithawa kutali ndi nyumba za anthu.

Pakadali pano pali njira zina zomwe zikufuna kuletsa kuchepa kwakukulu kwa njovu zaku Asia, komabe, zikuwoneka kuti sizokwanira chifukwa cha kuwopsa komwe kuli nyama izi.

Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga zina zambiri zofanana ndi Njovu zaku Asia - Mitundu ndi Makhalidwe, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulowe mu gawo lathu la Curiosities la nyama.