Tizilombo tiziuluka: mayina, mawonekedwe ndi zithunzi

Zamkati

• Makhalidwe a tizilombo zouluka
• Mitundu ya tizilombo tomwe tikuuluka
• Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Orthoptera (Orthoptera)
• dzombe la m'chipululu
• Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera)
• uchi
• Mango waku kum'mawa
• Diptera tizilombo tomwe tikuuluka (Diptera)
• ntchentche za zipatso
• Gulugufe wamizeremizere
• Udzudzu wa ku Tiger waku Asia
• Lepidoptera tizilombo tomwe timauluka (Lepidoptera)
• gulugufe wamapiko a mbalame
• Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Blattodea (Blattodea)
• phukusi laku Pennsylvania
• Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Coleoptera (Coleoptera)
• nyongolotsi yachikazi isanu ndi iwiri
• cerambicidae wamkulu
• Tizilombo touluka Odonata (Odonata)
• Nthengwa Yakuda Yobiriwira

Pali tizilombo tambirimbiri padziko lapansi. Amapanga gulu lalikulu kwambiri lazinthu zamoyo ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, ngakhale amagawana zina zapadera, monga momwe aliri nyama zokhala ndi zinyama zakunja.

Ngakhale sikuti aliyense amatero, tizilombo tambiri timatha kuuluka. Kodi mungawauze ena mwa iwo? Ngati simukudziwa, dziwani zosiyana mitundu ya tizilombo tomwe tikuuluka, mayina awo, mawonekedwe ndi zithunzi m'nkhaniyi ya PeritoAnimal. Pitilizani kuwerenga!

Makhalidwe a tizilombo zouluka

tizilombo ndiwo okhawo opanda mafupa okhala ndi mapiko. Maonekedwe awo adachitika pomwe mbale zakuthambo za chifuwa zidakulirakulira. Poyambirira zimangofunikira kukwera, koma pazaka mazana ambiri zasintha kuti zilolere nyamazi kuti ziuluke. Chifukwa cha iwo, tizilombo timatha kuyendayenda, kupeza chakudya, kuthawa adani ndi anzawo.

Kukula, mawonekedwe ndi kapangidwe ka mapiko a tizilombo ndizosiyana kwambiri kotero kuti palibe njira imodzi yozigawa. Komabe, mapikowo amagawana ena zofunikira:

• Mapikowo amaperekedwa mofanana;
• Amapezeka mu mesothorax ndi metathorax;
• Mitundu ina imataya ikadzakula, kapena ikafanana ndi yosabala;
• Amapangidwa ndi mgwirizano wam'mwamba ndi m'munsi;
• Ali ndi mitsempha kapena nthiti;
• Mkati mwa mapiko muli mitsempha, tracheas ndi hemolymph.

Kuphatikiza pakukhala nyama zokhala ndi mapiko ndi mapiko, tizilombo touluka titha kukhala tosiyana kwambiri, chifukwa zimagawidwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana ndipo iliyonse imakhala ndi mawonekedwe ake.

Mitundu ya tizilombo tomwe tikuuluka

Makhalidwe onse a tizilombo tomwe timauluka tonsefe ndi omwe atchulidwa m'gawo lapitalo. Komabe, monga tidanenera, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tizilombo tomwe timauluka, zomwe zimaloleza kuti zigawike malinga ndi njira zosiyanasiyana. Kotero tizilombo tokhala ndi mapiko agawidwa m'magulu angapo kapena ma oda:

• Mafupa;
• Chithandizo;
• Dipther;
• Lepidoptera;
• Chotsitsa;
• Coleoptera;
• Odanate.

Chotsatira, dziwani zikhalidwe za gulu lirilonse ndi ena otulutsa. Inu!

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Orthoptera (Orthoptera)

Orthoptera idawonekera padziko lapansi nthawi ya Triassic. Dongosolo la tizilombo limadziwika makamaka pakamwa pawo, zomwe ndizomwe zimatafuna komanso chifukwa ambiri mwa iwo ndi olumpha, monga njoka ndi ziwala. Mapikowo amafanana ndi zikopa ndipo amawongoka, ngakhale sizilombo zonse zomwe zili mgululi zili ndi mapiko ofanana. Zina mwazo zilibe ngakhale mapiko motero sizomwe zimauluka.

Monga mitundu ya tizilombo tomwe tikuuluka za dongosolo Mafupa, tikhoza kutchula zotsatirazi monga zofala kwambiri:

• Dzombe losamukasamuka (dzombe losamukasamuka);
• Cricket Yanyumba (Acheta zoweta);
• Chiwala chofiirira (Rhammatocerus schistocercoides);
• Dzombe la m'chipululu (Chigiriki schistocerca).

dzombe la m'chipululu

Mwa zitsanzo zomwe zatchulidwazi, tikambirana za mtundu uwu wa tizilombo tomwe timauluka chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake. Dzombe la m'chipululu (Chigiriki schistocerca) ndi tizilombo ankaona ngati tizilombo ku Asia ndi Africa. M'malo mwake, uwu ndiye mtundu womwe malemba akale a m'Baibulo amatchulapo. Nthawi zina pachaka, amasonkhana m'magulu omwe amachititsa kusowa kwa mbewu m'malo ambiri.

amatha kuphimba mpaka 200 km kutali ndikuuluka. Magulu omwe amapanga amatha kukhala ndi anthu pafupifupi 80 miliyoni.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera)

Tizilombo timeneti tidawonekera pa Jurassic. Ali ndi gawo logawika pamimba, lilime lomwe limatha kutambasula, kubweza, komanso pakamwa poyamwa. Ndi tizilombo tomwe khalani m'magulu ndipo osabereka alibe mapiko.

Dongosolo la Hymenoptera ndi limodzi mwazikuluzikulu zomwe zilipo chifukwa limaphatikiza mitundu yoposa 150,000. Mkati mwa gulu lalikululi, timapezanso tizilombo tina tofala kwambiri tomwe timauluka, monga mitundu yonse ya mavu, njuchi, akalipentala ndi nyerere akhale ake. Chifukwa chake, zitsanzo zina za hymenoptera ndi izi:

• Njuchi Zam'misiri waku Europe (Xylocopa violacea);
• Njuchi (Bomba dahlbomii);
• Njuchi zodula masamba a Alfalfa (chozungulira megachile).

Kuphatikiza apo, njuchi ndi mango wakum'mawa, ziwiri mwa tizilombo tofala kwambiri padziko lapansi, ndi zitsanzo za tizilombo tomwe timauluka ndipo tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane pansipa.

uchi

THE apis mellifera ndi mtundu wodziwika bwino wa njuchi. Pakadali pano imagawidwa padziko lonse lapansi ndipo ili ndi gawo lofunikira kubzala mungu, kuphatikiza pakupanga uchi wambiri womwe anthu amadya.

Mumng'oma, njuchi zitha kuyenda makilomita angapo kukafuna mungu. Pakadali pano, mfumukazi imangotenga ndege asanakwatirane, chochitika kamodzi.

Mango waku kum'mawa

THE mavu orientalis kapena Mangava-Oriental ndi mtundu wa tizilombo tomwe timauluka tomwe timagawidwa ku Asia, Africa ndi gawo lina la Europe. Monga njuchi, mavu ndi ma Euro, ndiye kuti, amapanga magulu otsogozedwa ndi mfumukazi ndi mazana a antchito.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timadyetsa timadzi tokoma, tizilombo tina ndi nyama zina zazing'ono chifukwa zimafunikira mapuloteni pakukula kwa ana awo. Kuluma kwake kumatha kukhala koopsa kwa anthu omwe sagwirizana nawo.

Diptera tizilombo tomwe tikuuluka (Diptera)

Diptera adawonekera pa Jurassic. Zambiri mwa tizilombo timeneti tili ndi tinyanga tating'onoting'ono, koma amuna amtundu wina amakhala ndi tinyanga tanthenga, ndiye kuti, wokutidwa ndi villi. Pakamwa panu pamangotolera makanda.

Chimodzi mwa zodabwitsa za gulu ili la tizilombo tomwe timauluka ndikuti alibe mapiko anayi, monga ambiri. Chifukwa cha kusinthika, Diptera adatero mapiko awiri okha. Mwa dongosolo ili, timapeza mitundu yonse ya ntchentche, udzudzu, ntchentche ndi ma capetails. Zitsanzo zina za Diptera ndi izi:

• Ntchentche yolimba (Ma stomoxys owerengera);
• Drone ntchentche (Bombylius Wamkulu).

Kuphatikiza apo, timawunikira ntchentche yazipatso, gulugufe wamizeremizere ndi udzudzu wa kambuku waku Asia chifukwa cha kutchuka kwawo ndipo tiyeni tikambirane zina mwazikhalidwe zawo zazikulu.

ntchentche za zipatso

Ntchentche ya zipatso (Keratitis capitata) amapezeka ku Africa, ngakhale pakali pano amapezeka m'malo otentha padziko lonse lapansi. Ndi kachilombo kouluka kamene kamadyetsa zipatso zotsekemera, zomwe zimapatsa dzina lake.

Izi ndi mitundu yonse ya ntchentche kuuluka kwa nthawi yochepa, kenako malo opumira ndi kudyetsa. Ntchentche ya zipatso imadziwika kuti ndi tizilombo m'maiko ambiri chifukwa imawononga mbewu. Ngati mtundu uwu ulipo mnyumba mwanu ndipo mukufuna kudziwa momwe mungawopsyezerere popanda kuwononga.

Gulugufe wamizeremizere

Mitundu ina pamndandanda wazilombo zouluka ndi gulugufe wamizeremizere (Tabanus subsimilis). Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhala ku United States ndi Mexico, komwe kumapezeka m'malo achilengedwe komanso akumatauni.

Gulugufe wamizeremizere amatha pafupifupi masentimita awiri ndipo amakhala ndi thupi lofiirira lokhala ndi mikwingwirima pamimba. Monga mitundu ina ya ntchentche, mapiko anu ndi otuwa komanso akulu, yoboola ndi nthiti zina.

Udzudzu wa ku Tiger waku Asia

Udzudzu wa ku Tiger wa ku Asia (Aedes albopictus) imagawidwa m'malo angapo ku Africa, Asia ndi America. Ndi kachilombo kokhoza kufalitsa matenda kwa anthu, monga dengue ndi yellow fever.

Mosiyana ndi zomwe ambiri amakhulupirira, akazi okha ndi amene amadya magazi. Pakadali pano, zazimuna zimamwa timadzi tokoma kuchokera kumaluwa. Mitunduyi imawerengedwa kuti ndi yovuta ndipo imayambitsa zadzidzidzi kumayiko otentha kapena nthawi yamvula.

Lepidoptera tizilombo tomwe timauluka (Lepidoptera)

Adawonekera padziko lapansi nthawi yamaphunziro apamwamba. Lepidoptera ili ndi pakamwa poyamwa, yofanana ndi chubu. Mapikowo ndi am'mimbamo ndipo ndakhala ndi mamba osakanikirana, amodzi kapena amodzi. Dongosolo ili limaphatikizapo njenjete ndi agulugufe.

Zitsanzo zina za Lepidoptera ndi izi:

• Njenjete ya buluu-morph (morpho menelaus);
• Pikoko (saturnia pavonia);
• Gulugufe wam'madzi (papilio machaon).

Chimodzi mwa tizilombo tomwe timakonda kwambiri komanso tomwe timauluka ndi gulugufe wamapiko a mbalame, chifukwa chake tikambirana zambiri pansipa.

gulugufe wamapiko a mbalame

THE Ornithoptera alexandrae é kufalikira ku Papua New Guinea. Amawonedwa ngati gulugufe wamkulu kwambiri padziko lapansi, chifukwa amafikira mapiko a 31 masentimita. Mapiko achikazi ndi abulauni ndi mawanga ena oyera, pomwe ang'onoang'onowo amakhala obiriwira komanso amtambo.

Mtundu uwu umakhala kutalika kwa 850 mita m'nkhalango zotentha. Amadyetsa mungu wochokera kumaluwa osiyanasiyana okongola ndipo amakula msinkhu masiku 131 amoyo. Pakadali pano, ali pangozi yakutha chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa malo awo.

Ngati mumakonda agulugufe ndipo mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za iwo, onani nkhani iyi yokhudza kuswana kwa gulugufe.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Blattodea (Blattodea)

Pansi pa gulu ili la tizilombo tomwe timauluka amagawidwa Mphemvu, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timafalitsidwa padziko lonse lapansi. Maphemso amathanso kuwuluka ngakhale zili zowona kuti si onse omwe ali ndi mapiko. Adawonekera nthawi ya Carboniferous ndipo gululi limaphatikizapo mitundu zouluka monga:

• Chiswe Chambiri Cha Kumpoto kwa Australia (Masewera a Darwinensis);
• Chiwombankhanga cha Chijeremani (Blattella germanica);
• Mphemvu yaku America (American Periplanet);
• Mphemvu yaku Australia (Periplaneta australasiae).

Monga chitsanzo cha mphemvu youluka, timawonetsa tambala waku Pennsylvania ndikuwona chifukwa chake.

phukusi laku Pennsylvania

THE parcoblatta pensylvanica ndi mtundu wa mphemvu zomwe zimapezeka ku North America. Amadziwika ndi thupi lakuda lokhala ndi mikwingwirima yopepuka kumbuyo. Amakhala m'nkhalango komanso m'malo okhala ndi masamba ambiri, kuphatikiza m'matawuni.

Mphemvu zambiri zimauluka pamalo otsika ndipo zimatha kugwiritsa ntchito mapiko awo kutumphuka kuchoka pamalo okwera kupita kumalo ena. M'mitundu yonse, kuphatikiza Pennsylvania, Amuna okha ndi omwe amakhala ndi mapiko.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Coleoptera (Coleoptera)

Coleoptera ndi tizilombo tomwe timauluka, m'malo mwa mapiko wamba otsogola awiri olimba omwe amateteza ngati nyama ili kupumula. Ali ndi mkamwa woyamwa wotafuna komanso miyendo ikulu. Zakale zakale zidalemba kuti zidaliko kale ngati Permian.

Potsatira dongosolo la Coleoptera timapeza kafadala, zipolopolo ndi ntchentche, pakati pa ena. Chifukwa chake, ena mwa maina a tizilombo tomwe timauluka oimira ambiri ndi:

• Chiwombankhanga cha imfa (Xestobium rufovillosum);
• Chikumbu cha mbatata (Leptinotarsa ​​decemlineata);
• Elm kachilomboka (Xanthogaleruca luteola);
• Ladybug wamphongo (Coleomegilla maculata);
• Colon ladybird (Adalia amasinthasintha).

nyongolotsi yachikazi isanu ndi iwiri

Zina mwa tizilombo tomwe timauluka pamndandandawu omwe ali ndi mayina, mawonekedwe ndi zithunzi, ndizothekanso kutchula kachilomboka kakomwe (Coccinella septempunctata). Iyi ndi mitundu yomwe imalimbikitsa makatuni ambiri, chifukwa imakhala ndi mapiko ofiira owoneka bwino okhala ndi madontho akuda.

Ladybug iyi imagawidwa ku Europe konse, ndipo imasamukira ku hibernate. Imadyetsa nsabwe za m'masamba ndi tizilombo tina, ikulowetsedwa mu mbewu kuti muchepetse tizirombo.

cerambicidae wamkulu

Chiphona cerambicidae (titanus giganteus) ndi nyama yomwe amakhala m'nkhalango ya Amazon. Ili ndi thupi lofiirira, lofiira ndi tinyanga, koma chosangalatsa kwambiri pa kachilomboka ndi kukula kwake, chifukwa chimakhala masentimita 17.

Mitunduyi imakhala mumitengo, kuchokera komwe imatha kuwuluka pansi. Amuna amapanganso mawu kuti awopseze adani awo.

Onani nkhaniyi ndikupeza zambiri zamitundu ya kafadala.

Tizilombo touluka Odonata (Odonata)

Tizilombo timeneti tidawonekera nthawi ya Permian. Ali ndi maso akulu kwambiri komanso matupi olumikizana. Mapiko anu ndi am'mimbamo, woonda komanso wowonekera. Dongosolo la odonatos limapangidwa ndi mitundu yoposa 6,000, pomwe timapeza agulugufe kapena atsikana. Chifukwa chake, zina mwa zitsanzo za tizilombo todwala ndi:

• Dragonfly-Mfumu (Chizindikiro cha Anax)
• Gulugufe Wobiriwira (Anax Junius)
• Piper Wachizungu (Vuto la Calopteryx)

Nthengwa Yakuda Yobiriwira

Chitsanzo chomaliza cha tizilombo tomwe tikuuluka ndi Enallagma cyathigerum kapena dragonfly wamba wamba. Ndi mtundu womwe umakhala m'chigawo chachikulu cha Europe ndi madera ena a Asia, komwe umagawidwa m'malo oyandikira madzi abwino okhala ndi acidity yayikulu, chifukwa nsomba, zomwe zimawononga, sizikhala ndi moyo pansi pa izi.

Nthengwa iyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wowala wabuluu thupi lake, limodzi ndi mikwingwirima yakuda. Kuphatikiza apo, ili ndi mapiko ataliatali oti mutha kupindako mukafuna kupumula.

Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga zina zambiri zofanana ndi Tizilombo tiziuluka: mayina, mawonekedwe ndi zithunzi, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulowe mu gawo lathu la Curiosities la nyama.