Zamkati
- Kodi Kraken ndi chiyani?
- Kulongosola kwa Kraken
- Nthano ya Kraken
- Kodi Kraken alipo kapena adakhalapo?
- Mitundu Ya Giant squid
Kuno ku PeritoZinyama nthawi zambiri timakhala ndi mitu yosangalatsa yokhudza dziko lapansi la nyama, ndipo nthawi ino tikufuna kuchita izi mwachitsanzo, malinga ndi nkhani za Nordic, kwazaka mazana ambiri zidapangitsa chidwi komanso mantha nthawi yomweyo. Tikukamba za Kraken. Nkhani zingapo za amalinyero m'mbiri yonse zanenedwa kuti panali cholengedwa chachikulu, chokhoza kudya amuna ndipo, nthawi zina, zombo zakuya.
Popita nthawi, zambiri mwa nkhanizi zimawerengedwa kuti ndizokokomeza ndipo, chifukwa chakusowa umboni, zidakhala nthano komanso zongopeka. Komabe, wasayansi wamkulu Carlos Lineu, mlengi wa taxonomy wa zamoyo, wophatikizidwa ndi kope lake loyamba la ntchitoyi Systema naturae nyama yotchedwa Kraken, yokhala ndi dzina lasayansi la Microcosmus, mkati mwa cephalopods. Kuphatikizidwa kumeneku kunatayidwa m'mabaibulo amtsogolo, koma chifukwa cha zomwe amalinyero adalemba komanso kulingalira kwa wasayansi wamtundu wa Linnaeu, ndikofunikira kufunsa kuti: Kodi Kraken ya Mythology Inakhalapodi? Pemphani kuti muyankhe funso losangalatsa ili.
Kodi Kraken ndi chiyani?
Mosiyana ndi zomwe anthu ambiri amakhulupirira, Kraken chiyambi cha dzina loyamba. Mawu oti "kraken" ali ndi chiyambi cha ku Scandinavia ndipo amatanthauza "nyama yoopsa kapena china choyipa", mawu omwe amatanthauza cholengedwa cham'nyanja chomwe chimakhala chachikulu kwambiri chomwe chidawukira zombo ndikuwononga gulu lawo. M'Chijeremani, "krake" amatanthauza "octopus", pomwe "kraken" amatanthauza kuchuluka kwa mawuwo, omwe amatanthauzanso nyama yopeka.
Kuopsa komwe kunapangidwa ndi cholengedwa ichi kunali kwakuti nkhani za nkhani zaku Norse zikuwonetsa kuti anthu amapewa kulankhula dzina lake Kraken, popeza izi zinali zamatsenga ndipo nyama imatha kuyitanidwa. Mwanjira imeneyi, kutanthauzira zoyerekeza zam'madzi zowopsa, mawu oti "hafgufa" kapena "lyngbakr" adagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe anali okhudzana ndi zolengedwa zazikulu monga nsomba kapena chinsomba chachikulu kwambiri.
Kulongosola kwa Kraken
Kraken nthawi zonse amadziwika kuti ndi nyama yayikulu ngati octopus yomwe, ikayandama, imatha kuwoneka ngati chilumba m'nyanja, choyeza makilomita oposa 2. Panalinso kutanthauzira kwa maso ake akulu komanso kupezeka kwa zikuluzikulu zingapo zazikuluzikulu. Mbali ina yomwe nthawi zambiri amatchulidwa ndi oyendetsa sitima kapena asodzi omwe amati amamuwona inali yakuti, akawonekera, amatha kutembenuza madzi kukhala amdima kulikonse komwe angapite.
Ripotilo likuwonetsanso kuti ngati a Kraken sakanamira bwatolo ndi matenti ake, limatha kutero likalowa mwamphamvu m'madzi, ndikupangitsa lalikulu kamvuluvulu m'nyanja.
Nthano ya Kraken
Nthano ya Kraken imapezeka mu Nthano zaku Norse, osati m'nthano zachi Greek, makamaka pantchitoyo Mbiri Yachilengedwe yaku Norway, 1752, lolembedwa ndi Bishop wa Bergen, Erik Lugvidsen Pontoppidan, momwe nyama imafotokozedwera mwatsatanetsatane. Kuphatikiza pa kukula ndi mawonekedwe omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, nthano ya Kraken inanena kuti, chifukwa cha zovuta zake zazikulu, chinyama chimatha kunyamula munthu mlengalenga, ngakhale atakhala wamkulu. M'nkhanizi, Kraken nthawi zonse amakhala wosiyana ndi zilombo zina monga njoka zam'nyanja.
Kumbali inayi, nkhani zonena za Kraken zidayambitsa kayendedwe ka zivomerezi komanso kuphulika kwa madzi pansi pa nyanja komanso kutuluka kwa zilumba zatsopano zomwe zidachitika m'malo monga Iceland. Chiwombankhanga choopsya ichi chimatchulidwanso kuti chimayambitsa mafunde amphamvu ndi mafunde akulu, akuganiza kuti amayamba chifukwa cha kuyenda komwe cholengedwa ichi chimachita poyenda pansi pamadzi.
Koma si nthano zonse zomwe zimangonena zoyipa zokha. Asodzi ena ananenanso kuti Kraken atatuluka, chifukwa cha thupi lake lalikulu, nsomba zambiri zidakwera pamwamba ndikuti, atakhala pamalo otetezeka, adatha kuzigwira. M'malo mwake, zidakhala chizolowezi kunena kuti munthu akagwira nsomba zambiri, zinali chifukwa chothandizidwa ndi Kraken.
Nthano ya Kraken idafalikira kwambiri kotero kuti nyama yongodabwidwayi yakhala ikuphatikizidwa muzambiri zaluso, mabuku ndi makanema, monga Ma Pirates a ku Caribbean: Chifuwa cha Imfa (kuchokera 2006) ndi Ukali wa Titans, 1981.
Mufilimu yachiwiriyi, yomwe imayankha Nthano zachi Greek, Kraken ndi cholengedwa ndi Cronos. Komabe, mu 2010 yokonzanso kanema, Kraken ikadapangidwa ndi Hade ndipo makamaka chifukwa cha makanemawa kuti pali chisokonezo ichi kuti Kraken akanakhala akuchokera ku nthano zachi Greek osati ku Norse.
Nkhani ina yofika kutali yomwe idalanda Kraken inali saga ya Harry Muumbi. M'mafilimu, Kraken ndi squid wamkulu yemwe amakhala mnyanja ku Hogwarts Castle.
Kodi Kraken alipo kapena adakhalapo?
Malipoti asayansi ndi ofunikira kwambiri kuti adziwe kutsimikizika kwa mtundu wina wake. Mwanjira imeneyi, ndizovuta kudziwa ngati kraken ilipo kapena idalipo. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti wasayansi komanso wasayansi Carlos Lineu adazilingalira m'gulu lake loyamba, ngakhale, monga tidanenera, adatero zichotsedwa pambuyo pake.
Kumbali ina, kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1800, katswiri wazachilengedwe waku France komanso katswiri wazam'madzi a Pierre Denys de Montfort, pantchito yake Mbiri Yambiri Yapadera ya Ma Molluscs, limafotokoza kukhalapo kwa nyamazi zazikulu ziwiri, pokhala mmodzi wa iwo Kraken. Wasayansi uyu adayerekeza kunena kuti kumira kwa gulu la zombo zingapo zaku Britain zidachitika chifukwa cha kuukira kwa octopus wamkulu.
Komabe, pambuyo pake, ena opulumuka adanena kuti ngoziyo idachitika chifukwa cha mphepo yamkuntho, yomwe idatha kunyozetsa Montfort ndikumutsogolera kuti athetse lingaliro loti Kraken anali octopus wamkulu.
Kumbali ina, chapakatikati pa zaka za m'ma 1800, nyamayi yayikulu inapezeka itafa m'mphepete mwa nyanja.Kuchokera pakupezaku, kafukufuku wanyama iyi adakulitsidwa ndipo, ngakhale palibe malipoti okwanira okhudza iwo, popeza sizovuta kuzipeza, tsopano zikudziwika kuti Kraken wotchuka akutchulidwa kuti mitundu ya cephalopodnyamayi, makamaka squid, omwe ndi akulu modabwitsa koma samatsimikizira mawonekedwe ndi mphamvu zomwe zafotokozedwa m'nthano.
Mitundu Ya Giant squid
Pakadali pano, mitundu ya squid yayikulu ikudziwika:
- Nyamayi yayikulu (Architeuthis dux): mtundu waukulu kwambiri wodziwika anali wamkazi wakufa wamamita 18 kutalika ndikulemera 250 kg.
- Nyama yayikulu yokhala ndi njerewere (Moroteuthopsis longimana): Amatha kulemera mpaka 30 kg ndikuyeza mita 2.5 m'litali.
- nyamayi yayikulu (Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni): uwu ndiye mtundu waukulu kwambiri womwe ulipo. Amatha kuyeza pafupifupi mita 20 ndipo zolemera pafupifupi makilogalamu 500 akuyerekezedwa kuchokera kuzotsalira za mtundu wina womwe umapezeka mkati mwa sphale whale (cetacean wokhala ndi kukula kofanana ndi nsomba ina).
- Nyama yakuya munyanja yakuya (Taningia danae): amatha kuyeza pafupifupi ma 2.3 mita ndikulemera pang'ono kuposa 160 kg.
Kanema woyamba wa squid wamkulu adangopangidwa mu 2005, pomwe gulu lochokera ku National Museum of Science ku Japan lidakwanitsa kujambula kupezeka kwa imodzi. Titha kunena kuti nthano ya Kraken of Norse ndi squid wamkulu, yemwe ngakhale ndizodabwitsa, sangathe kumira zombo kapena kuyambitsa zivomerezi.
Zowonjezera, chifukwa chosadziwa zambiri panthawiyo, pakuwona zovuta za nyamayo, amaganiza kuti ndi octopus wamkulu kwambiri. Mpaka pano, zimadziwika kuti nyama zokhazokha zokhazokha za mitundu ya cephalopod ndi anamgumi aumuna, cetaceans omwe amatha kulemera pafupifupi matani 50 ndi kutalika kwa mita 20, kotero pamakulidwe awa amatha kusaka nyamayi.
Tsopano popeza mukudziwa zonse za Kraken kuchokera ku Norse Mythology, mutha kukhala ndi chidwi ndi nkhaniyi ina yokhudza nyama 10 zazikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga zina zambiri zofanana ndi Kodi Kraken ya Mythology Inakhalapodi?, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulowe mu gawo lathu la Curiosities la nyama.