Zamkati
- Gulu la Amphibian
- Mtundu wobereketsa wa amphibians
- Kodi amphibians oviparous?
- Kodi njira yoberekera ya amphibiya ndi yotani?
- Kubereka kwa caecilians
- Kubereka kwa michira
- kubalana kwa chule
- Chifukwa Chomwe Madzi Ndi Ofunika Pakuswana kwa Amphibian
- Kukula kwa Amphibian embryonic
- Malo otetezera Amphibian
Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu kwambiri pakusintha kunali kugonjetsedwa kwachilengedwe ndi nyama. Kuyenda kuchokera kumadzi kupita kumtunda chinali chochitika chapadera, mosakayikira, chomwe chidasintha chitukuko chamoyo padziko lapansi. Kusintha kosangalatsa kumeneku kunasiya nyama zina ndi thupi lapakatikati pakati pamadzi ndi nthaka, zomwe zimasinthidwa mokwanira kumadera apadziko lapansi, koma nthawi zambiri zimalumikizidwa ndi madzi, makamaka kuti ziberekane.
Zomwe zanenedwa pamwambapa zikutanthauza za amphibiya, omwe dzina lawo limachokera ku moyo wawo wapawiri, wam'madzi ndi wapadziko lapansi, zinyama zokha zomwe pakadali pano zimatha kusintha. Amphibians ali mgulu la tetrapod, ndi amniotes, ndiye kuti, opanda thumba la amniotic, ngakhale ali ndi zina zapadera, ndipo amapuma kwambiri kudzera m'mitsempha yomwe ili m'mphutsi komanso m'mapapo mwanga atasinthidwa.
Munkhaniyi ndi PeritoAnimal, tikufuna kuti mudziwe momwe nyamazi zimasinthana, chifukwa ndichimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimawapangitsa kuti azilumikizana ndi malo amadzimadzi. Pitirizani kuphunzira za kubereka kwa amphibians.
Gulu la Amphibian
Pakadali pano, amphibiya agawidwa ku Lissamphibia (lissamphibia) ndipo gululi, limagawikana kapena kugawa atatu:
- masewera olimbitsa thupi: Amadziwika kuti caecilians ndipo amadziwika kuti alibe miyendo. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi omwe ali ndi mitundu yochepa kwambiri.
- Mchira (Mchira): amafanana ndi salamanders ndi ma newt.
- Anura: amafanana ndi achule ndi achule. Komabe, ndizodabwitsa kuti mawu awiriwa alibe tanthauzo la taxonomic, koma amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusiyanitsa nyama zazing'ono zomwe zimakhala ndi khungu losalala komanso lonyowa, ndi zomwe zimakhala ndi khungu lowuma komanso lamakwinya.
Kuti mumve zambiri, tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwerenge nkhani ina iyi yokhudza Amphibian Characteristics.
Mtundu wobereketsa wa amphibians
Nyama zonsezi zimakhala ndi mtundu woberekera, komabe, zimafotokoza njira zosiyanasiyana zoberekera. Mbali inayi, ngakhale ndizofala kukhulupirira kuti onse amphibian ndi oviparous, ndikofunikira kufotokoza nkhaniyi.
Kodi amphibians oviparous?
Cecilias amakhala ndi umuna wamkati, koma amatha kukhala oviparous kapena viviparous. Salamanders, mbali inayi, amatha kukhala ndi feteleza wamkati kapena wakunja, ndipo pakukula kwa kamwana, amawonetsa njira zingapo kutengera mitundu: ena amayikira mazira omwe amatuluka kunja (oviparity), ena amasunga mazira mkati mwa thupi la mkazi , Kutulutsa pamene mphutsi zimapangidwa (ovoviviparity) ndipo nthawi zina zimasunga mphutsi mkati mpaka zitasinthasintha, kutulutsa anthu opangidwa bwino (viviparity).
Ponena za anurans, nthawi zambiri amakhala oviparous komanso okhala ndi umuna wakunja, koma palinso mitundu ina yokhala ndi umuna wamkati ndipo, kuphatikiza apo, milandu ya viviparity yadziwika.
Kodi njira yoberekera ya amphibiya ndi yotani?
Tikudziwa kale kuti amphibian amafotokoza mitundu yambiri yobereka, koma tiyeni tidziwe mwatsatanetsatane momwe amphibiya amabalira.
Kubereka kwa caecilians
Ma caecilians achimuna ali ndi copulatory limba zomwe akazi amapangira. Mitundu ina imayikira mazira m'malo onyowa kapena pafupi ndi madzi ndipo zazikazi zimawasamalira. Palinso nthawi zina pomwe amakhala viviparous ndipo amasunga mphutsi nthawi zonse mu oviduct yawo, yomwe amadyetsa.
Kubereka kwa michira
Ponena za caudates, mitundu yocheperako imafotokoza umuna wakunja, pomwe ambiri amakhala ndi umuna wamkati. Mwamuna, akachita chibwenzi, amasiya umunawo nthawi zambiri pa tsamba kapena nthambi kuti udzatenge mkazi. Posachedwa, mazirawo adzakwiriridwa mkati mwa thupi la mayi yemwe adzakhalepo.
Kumbali inayi, mitundu ina ya ma salamanders amakhala ndi moyo wam'madzi kwathunthu ndipo kuyikira mazira kwawo kumachitika mchilombocho, ndikuwayika muunyinji kapena m'magulu, ndipo mphutsi zimatuluka ndimitsempha ndi mchira woboola pakati. Koma ma salamanders ena amakhala ndi moyo wachikulire wapadziko lapansi atasintha. Zotsalazo zimaikira mazira pansi ngati timagulu tating'ono, nthawi zambiri pansi pa nthaka yonyowa, yofewa kapena mitengo ikuluikulu.
Mitundu ingapo imasunga mazira awo kuti itetezedwe ndipo, panthawiyi, chitukuko cha mphutsi imapezeka mkati mwa dzira, chifukwa chake, anthu omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi achikulire amatulukamo. Milandu idazindikiridwanso momwe mkazi amasungira mbozi nthawi zonse kufikira atakula, pomwe amachotsedwa.
kubalana kwa chule
Achule amphongo, monga tanena kale, nthawi zambiri manyowa mazira akunja, ngakhale ndi mitundu yochepa yokha yomwe imachita izi mkati. Amakopa akazi kudzera potulutsa nyimbo zawo, ndipo akakhala wokonzeka, amayandikira ndipo cholumikizacho chimachitika, komwe kumakhala kuyimika kwamwamuna kuposa wamkazi, kuti akamatulutsa mazira, chachimuna chikhale ndi feteleza.
Kutsekemera kwa nyamazi kumatha kuchitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana: nthawi zina kumakhala m'madzi, komwe kumaphatikizapo njira zosiyanasiyana zouikira mazira, mwa zina kumachitika zisa za thovu pamadzi ndipo zitha kuchitikanso mozungulira kapena kumtunda. Palinso zochitika zina zomwe kukula kwa mphutsi kumachitika pakhungu la mayi.
Chifukwa Chomwe Madzi Ndi Ofunika Pakuswana kwa Amphibian
Mosiyana ndi zokwawa ndi mbalame, amphibians amapanga mazira opanda chipolopolo kapena chophimba cholimba zomwe zimaphatikizapo mluza wa nyama izi. Izi, kuphatikiza pakuloleza kusinthana kwa gasi ndi akunja chifukwa ndi kotentha, kumapereka chitetezo chokwanira ku malo owuma kapena kutentha pang'ono.
Kukula kwa Amphibian embryonic
Chifukwa cha izi, kukula kwa mazira amphibian kuyenera kuchitika mu madzi amadzimadzi kapena m'malo onyowa kotero, mwanjira iyi, mazira amatetezedwa, makamaka motsutsana ndi kutayika kwa chinyezi, zomwe zitha kupha mimbayo. Koma, monga tikudziwira kale, pali mitundu ya zamoyo zomwe sizimawaika m'madzi.
Pazisokonezo izi, njira zina ndikuti azichita m'malo achinyezi, mobisa kapena okutidwa ndi zomera. Amathanso kupanga mazira ochulukirapo omwe amakhala mumtsuko wa gelatinous, womwe umawapatsa mwayi wabwino pakukula. Ngakhale mitundu ya ma anuran omwe amanyamula madzi kupita kumtunda komwe amapangira mazira awo amadziwika.
Zamoyozi ndizachidziwikire kuti moyo umafufuza njira zosinthira zofunikira kuti zisinthe ndikukula Padziko Lapansi, zomwe zimawoneka bwino m'njira zawo zosiyanasiyana zoberekera, zomwe zimapanga njira zingapo zopititsira patsogolo gululi.
Malo otetezera Amphibian
Mitundu yambiri ya amphibiya imalembedwa pamtundu wina wa ngozi zakutha, makamaka chifukwa chodalira matupi amadzi komanso momwe zitha kukhudzidwira pakusintha kwakukulu komwe kukuchitika m'mitsinje, nyanja ndi madambo ambiri.
Mwanjira imeneyi, pamafunika kuchitapo kanthu mwamphamvu kuti zisawonongeke zomwe zachilengedwezi zimaperekedwa, kuti tisunge zamoyo zam'madzi ndi mitundu ina yonse yomwe imadalira malo amenewa.
Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga zina zambiri zofanana ndi Kubereka kwa Amphibian, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulowe mu gawo lathu la Curiosities la nyama.