Zamkati
- Kodi amphibians ndi chiyani?
- Mitundu ya amphibians
- Makhalidwe a Amphibian
- Kodi amphibians amapuma kuti?
- Kodi amphibiya amapuma bwanji?
- 1. Amphibian akupumira m'mitsempha
- 2. Kupuma phindulopule ya amphibians
- 3. Amphibian kupuma kudzera pakhungu ndi maumboni
- 4. Amphibian kupuma kwamapapo
- Zitsanzo za amphibiya
Inu amphibiya Ayenera kuti anali njira yomwe chisinthiko chidatengera dziko lapansi ndi nyama. Mpaka nthawiyo, anali mokhazikika kunyanja ndi m'nyanja, chifukwa dzikolo linali ndi mpweya woopsa kwambiri. Nthawi ina, nyama zina zidayamba kutuluka. Pachifukwa ichi, kusintha kosintha kumayenera kuchitika komwe kumalola mpweya wopuma m'malo mwa madzi. Munkhaniyi ndi PeritoAnimal, tikukambirana amphibian mpweya. Kodi mukufuna kudziwa komwe ndi momwe amphibiya amapumira? Tikukuuzani!
Kodi amphibians ndi chiyani?
Amphibians ndi phylum yayikulu ya tetrapod nyama zam'mbali zomwe, mosiyana ndi nyama zina zamtunduwu, zimasinthidwa m'miyoyo yawo yonse, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala ndi njira zingapo zopumira.
Mitundu ya amphibians
Amphibians amagawidwa m'magulu atatu:
- Lamulo la Gymnophiona, omwe ndi ma cecilias. Zili ngati mphutsi, zokhala ndi malekezero anayi achidule kwambiri.
- Mchira. Ndiwo urodelos, kapena amphibian a mchira.Chifukwa chake ma salamanders ndi ma newts amagawidwa.
- Lamulo la Anura. Izi ndi nyama zotchuka zotchedwa achule ndi achule. Ndi amphibiya opanda mchira.
Makhalidwe a Amphibian
Amphibian ndi nyama zamtundu alirezandiye kuti, kutentha kwa thupi lanu kumayendetsedwa molingana ndi chilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, nyamazi nthawi zambiri zimakhala nyengo yotentha kapena yotentha.
Chofunikira kwambiri pagulu lanyama ndikuti amapita pakusintha kwadzidzidzi komwe kumatchedwa kusintha. Kubereka kwa Amphibian ndi kugonana. Pambuyo poyikira mazira ndipo patapita nthawi, mphutsi zimaswa zomwe zimawoneka ngati zazing'ono kapena zam'madzi amoyo. Munthawi imeneyi, amatchedwa zisamaliro ndi kupuma kudzera m'mitsempha komanso pakhungu. Pakusintha kwa zinthu, amakhala ndi mapapo, malekezero ndipo nthawi zina amataya michira yawo (ndi choncho kwa achule ndipo achule).
khalani ndi khungu lowonda kwambiri komanso lonyowa. Ngakhale adakhala oyamba kulamulira dziko lapansi, akadali nyama zogwirizana kwambiri ndi madzi. Khungu lowonda ngati limeneli limaloleza kusinthanitsa mpweya m'moyo wa nyama.
Dziwani zikhalidwe zonse za amphibians m'nkhaniyi.
Kodi amphibians amapuma kuti?
Amphibians, m'miyoyo yawo yonse, gwiritsani ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zopumira. Izi ndichifukwa choti madera omwe amakhala musanachitike komanso pambuyo pake amasintha kwambiri, ngakhale amakhala olumikizana kwambiri ndi madzi kapena chinyezi.
Pakati pa mphutsi, amphibians ali nyama zam'madzi ndipo amakhala m'malo amadzi opanda mchere, monga mayiwe a ephemeral, mayiwe, nyanja, mitsinje yokhala ndi madzi oyera, oyera ngakhale maiwe osambira. Pambuyo pa kusintha kwa zinthu, amphibiya ambiri amakhala padziko lapansi ndipo, pomwe ena amalowa ndikutuluka m'madzi kuti azisamalira yonyowa komanso yothira madzi, ena amatha kusunga chinyezi m'matupi awo pongodziteteza ku dzuwa.
Kotero ife tikhoza kusiyanitsa mitundu inayi ya amphibian kupuma:
- Kupuma kwa Branchial.
- Njira ya buccopharyngeal patsekeke.
- Kupuma kudzera pakhungu kapena pachimake.
- Kupuma m'mapapo mwanga.
Kodi amphibiya amapuma bwanji?
Kupuma kwa Amphibian kumasintha kuchoka pagawo lina kupita lina, ndipo palinso kusiyana pakati pa mitundu ya zamoyo.
1. Amphibian akupumira m'mitsempha
Pambuyo posiya dzira mpaka kufikira kusintha kwa thupi, tadpoles amapuma kudzera m'mitsempha mbali zonse ziwiri za mutu. Mu mitundu ya achule, achule ndi achule, ma gill awa amabisika m'matumba a gill, ndipo mu urodelos, ndiye kuti, ma salamanders ndi ma newt, amadziwikiratu kunja. Mitsempha iyi ndiyabwino kwambiri kuthiriridwa ndi kuzungulira kwa magazi, komanso amakhala ndi khungu lowonda kwambiri lomwe limalola kusinthana kwa mpweya pakati pamagazi ndi chilengedwe.
2. Kupuma phindulopule ya amphibians
Mu salamanders komanso achule ena achikulire, pali zotupa za buccopharyngeal mkamwa zomwe zimakhala ngati malo opumira. Mpweya uwu, nyama imatenga mpweya ndikuyigwira pakamwa pake. Pakadali pano, nembanembayi, yomwe imatha kupumira mpweya wabwino komanso mpweya wabwino, imasinthana ndi mpweya.
3. Amphibian kupuma kudzera pakhungu ndi maumboni
Khungu la Amphibian ndi lochepa kwambiri komanso osaziteteza, choncho amafunika kuti azikhala onyowa nthawi zonse. Izi ndichifukwa choti amatha kusinthana ndi mpweya kudzera m'chiwalo ichi. Akakhala kuti ndi tadpoles, kupuma kudzera pakhungu ndikofunikira kwambiri, ndipo amatero phatikizani ndi kupuma kwa gill. Titafika pa msinkhu wachikulire, zawonetsedwa kuti kutengeka kwa mpweya pakhungu ndikocheperako, koma kutulutsa kwa kaboni dayokisaidi kumachuluka.
4. Amphibian kupuma kwamapapo
Pakusintha kwamankhwala amphibiya, ma gill pang'onopang'ono amasowa ndipo mapapu amakula kupatsa akuluakulu amphibiya mwayi wopita kumtunda. Mukupuma kotere, nyama imatsegula pakamwa pake, imatsitsa pansi pakamwa, motero mpweya umalowa. Pakadali pano, glottis, yomwe ndi nembanemba yolumikizira pharynx ndi trachea, imakhalabe yotseka motero palibe mwayi wopita m'mapapo. Izi zimabwerezedwa mobwerezabwereza.
Gawo lotsatirali, glottis imatseguka ndipo, chifukwa chakuchepetsa pachifuwa, mpweya wochokera kumpweya wakale, womwe uli m'mapapu, umatulutsidwa kudzera mkamwa ndi m'mphuno. Pansi pamimbayo imatuluka ndikukankhira mpweya m'mapapu, glottis imatseka ndi kusinthana kwa gasi. Pakati pa kupuma limodzi ndi kwina, nthawi zambiri pamakhala nthawi.
Zitsanzo za amphibiya
Pansipa, tikupereka mndandanda waufupi ndi zitsanzo za mitundu yoposa 7,000 ya amphibians zomwe zilipo padziko lapansi:
- Cecilia-de-Thompson (Caecilia Thompson)
- Caecilia-pachynema (Typhlonectes compressicauda)
- Tapalcua (Dermophis mexicanus)
- Cecilia wopukutidwa (Siphonops annulatus)
- Cecilia-do-Ceylon (Ichthyophis glutinosus)
- Chinese Giant Salamander (andrias davidianus)
- Moto salamander (salamander salamander)
- Tiger salamander (Tigrinum Ambystoma)
- Salamander ya Kumadzuloambystoma gracile)
- Salamander wamiyendo yayitali (Ambystoma macrodactylum)
- Phanga salamander (Eurycea Lucifuga)
- Zotengera-zig-zag (kuponyera plethodon)
- Salamander ya miyendo yofiira (plethodon shermani)
- Newt waku Iberia (boscai)
- Crested Newt (PA)Triturus cristatus)
- Wolemba Marbled Newt (Triturus marmoratus)
- Wolemba Fireman Newman (Cynops orientalis)
- Axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum)
- Kumwera kwa America Newt (Notophthalmus viridescens)
- Chule wamba (Pelophylax perezi)
- Chule wamchere wakupha (Phyllobates terribilis)
- Chule wamtengo ku Europe (Hyla arborea)
- Chule woyera woyeragombe la caerulean)
- Chule wa Harlequin (Atelopus Varius)
- Zofala Zomwe Amzamba Amakonda (zotupa zoberekera)
- European Green Chule (viridis buffets)
- Msuzi Wamphongo (spinulosa rhinella)
- Ng'ombe yaku America (Lithobates catesbeianus)
- Mphaka wamba (fufutani fufutani)
- Wothamanga toad (epidalea calamita)
- Chule wa cururu (Rhinella marina)
Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga zina zambiri zofanana ndi Kupuma kwa Amphibian, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulowe mu gawo lathu la Curiosities la nyama.