Zamkati
- Kodi nyama zotchedwa hermaphrodite?
- Kusiyanasiyana kwa kuberekana kwa nyama zozungulira
- Kubalana nyama hermaphrodite
- nyongolotsi zapadziko lapansi
- ziphuphu
- Cameroon
- Oyster, scallops, ena a bivalve molluscs
- Starfish
- Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
- Nsomba
- achule
- Nyama za Hermaphrodite: zitsanzo zina
Hermaphroditism ndi njira yodabwitsa kwambiri yoberekera chifukwa imapezeka m'matumba ochepa. Pokhala chochitika chosowa, chimadzetsa kukayikira kokuzungulira. Pofuna kuthana ndi kukayikira uku, m'nkhaniyi ya PeritoAnimalizindikira chifukwa chake mitundu ina yazinyama yakhala ndi khalidweli. Mudzawonanso zitsanzo za ziweto zofananira.
Chinthu choyamba kuganizira mukamayankhula za njira zosiyanasiyana zoberekera ndikuti kuphatikiza kwa umuna ndi komwe zamoyo zonse zimayang'ana. THE kudzipangira umuna ndichida chomwe ma hermaphrodites ali nacho, koma sicholinga chawo.
Kodi nyama zotchedwa hermaphrodite?
Kuti mumvetse bwino kuberekana kwa nyama zamtundu wa hermaphrodite, muyenera kukhala ndi mawu omveka bwino:
- Mwamuna: ali ndimasewera aamuna;
- Mkazi: ali ndi masewera aakazi;
- Hermaphrodite: ali ndi masewera achikazi ndi achimuna;
- Masewera: ndi maselo obereka omwe amanyamula zamoyo: umuna ndi mazira;
- umuna wopingasa: anthu awiri (m'modzi wamwamuna ndi wamkazi) amasinthana magemu awo ndi zambiri zamtundu;
- kudzipangira umuna: yemweyo amathira feteleza azimayi ake ndimasewera ake achimuna.
Kusiyanasiyana kwa kuberekana kwa nyama zozungulira
Pa kuphatikiza-umuna, pali fayilo ya kusiyana kwakukulu kwa majini, chifukwa imaphatikiza chidziwitso cha majini a nyama ziwiri. Kudzibereketsa kumayambitsa ma gamet awiri ndi chidziwitso chofanana sakanizani pamodzi, zomwe zimapangitsa munthu ofanana. Ndi kuphatikiza uku, palibe kuthekera kwakukula kwamitundu ndipo ana amakhala ofooka. Njira yoberekera iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi magulu azinyama omwe ali ndi vuto lochedwa kuyenda, komwe kumakhala kovuta kupeza anthu ena amtundu womwewo. Tiyeni tiwonetse momwe zinthu ziliri ndi chitsanzo cha nyama ya hermaphrodite:
- Nyongolotsi, yosuntha mwakachetechete kudzera pagawo la humus. Nthawi yakubereka ikafika, sangapeze munthu wina wamtundu wake kulikonse. Ndipo atapeza imodzi, amapeza kuti ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, kotero sangathe kubereka. Pofuna kupewa vutoli, nyongolotsi zapanga luso lotha kunyamula amuna kapena akazi mkati. Ndiye nyongolotsi ziwiri zikakwatirana, mbozi zonse ziwirizi zimaswana. Ngati nyongolotsi silingapeze munthu wina m'moyo wake wonse, imatha kudzipangira yokha kuti iwonetsetse kuti zamoyozo zikupulumuka.
Ndikukhulupirira kuti, ndi chitsanzo ichi, mutha kumvetsetsa o ndi nyama zofananira ndi momwe ichi ndichida chothandizira kuwirikiza mwayi woloza pakati osati chida chodzipangira umuna.
Kubalana nyama hermaphrodite
Pansipa, tikuwonetsani mndandanda wazinyama, ndi zitsanzo zingapo kuti mumvetse bwino mtundu uwu wobereketsa:
nyongolotsi zapadziko lapansi
Amakhala ndi amuna kapena akazi nthawi imodzi ndipo chifukwa chake, m'miyoyo yawo yonse, amakulitsa njira zonse zoberekera. Nyongolotsi ziwiri zikakwatirana, zonse zimakhala ndi umuna ndiyeno zimayika thumba la mazira.
ziphuphu
Monga nyongolotsi zapadziko lapansi, ali hermaphrodites okhazikika.
Cameroon
Nthawi zambiri amakhala amuna azaka zazing'onozing'ono komanso akazi atakula.
Oyster, scallops, ena a bivalve molluscs
Komanso mukhale nawo kusinthanakugonana ndipo, pakadali pano, Institute of Aquaculture ku University of Santiago de Compostela ikuwunika zomwe zimayambitsa kusintha kwa kugonana. Chithunzicho chikuwonetsa scallop momwe mutha kuwona gonad. Gonad ndi "thumba" lomwe lili ndi ma gamet. Poterepa, theka ndi lalanje komanso theka loyera, ndipo kusiyanasiyana kwamtunduwu kumafanana ndi kusiyanasiyana kwakugonana, kosiyanasiyana munthawi iliyonse ya moyo wa chamoyo, ichi ndi chitsanzo china cha nyama ya hermaphrodite.
Starfish
Imodzi mwa nyama zotchuka kwambiri zotchedwa hermaphrodite padziko lapansi. Nthawi zambiri khalani ndi gawo lachimuna m'magawo achichepere ndipo sintha kukhala wachikazi pakukula. Angakhalenso nawo kubereka kwa asexual, yomwe imachitika dzanja lake limodzi likathyoledwa litanyamula gawo lina pakatikati pa nyenyezi. Pachifukwa ichi, nyenyezi yomwe yataya mkono idzaipanganso ndipo mkono udzasinthanso thupi lonse. Izi zimabweretsa anthu awiri ofanana.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
mkhalidwe wanu wa tiziromboti mkati zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuberekana ndi thupi lina. Pachifukwa ichi, ziphuphu zimakonda kudzipangira umuna. Koma akakhala ndi mwayi, amasankha kuwoloka feteleza.
Nsomba
Akuyerekeza kuti pafupifupi 2% ya mitundu ya nsomba ndi hermaphrodites, koma popeza ambiri amakhala pansi penipeni pa nyanja, kuziwerenga ndizovuta kwambiri. Pamiyala ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja ku Panama, tili ndi vuto lodziwika bwino la hermaphroditism. O Serranus tortugarum, nsomba yokhala ndi amuna ndi akazi imapangidwa nthawi imodzi ndipo imasinthitsa zogonana ndi wokondedwa mpaka kawiri patsiku.
Palinso vuto lina lomwe nsomba zina zimakhala nazo, kusintha kwa kugonana pazifukwa zina. Izi zimachitika mu nsomba zomwe zimakhala mdera, zopangidwa ndi wamkulu wamkulu wamwamuna komanso gulu la akazi. Mwamuna akamwalira, mkazi wamkulu amatenga udindo waukulu wamwamuna ndipo amasintha mwa iye. nsomba zazing'ono izi zitsanzo zina za nyama zophika:
- Chovala chotsuka (Labroides dimidiatus);
- Nsomba zosalala (Amphiprion ocellaris);
- Bulu loyang'anira buluu (Thalassoma bifasciatum).
Khalidweli limapezekanso mu nsomba za guppy kapena potbellied, zomwe zimakonda kupezeka m'madzi.
achule
Mitundu ina ya achule, monga Chule wamtengo waku Africa(Xenopus laevis), Amuna amakhala amisinkhu yachinyamata ndipo amakhala achikazi atakula.
Mankhwala ophera tizilombo a Atrazine akupangitsa achule kugonana mwachangu. Kuyesera ku Yunivesite ya Berkeley, California, kunapeza kuti amuna akamapezeka kuti alibe mankhwalawa, 75% mwa iwo amakhala osawilitsidwa ndi mankhwala ndipo 10% amapita molunjika kwa akazi.
Nyama za Hermaphrodite: zitsanzo zina
Kuphatikiza pa mitundu yam'mbuyomu, nawonso ali m'gulu la mndandanda wa ziweto zofananira:
- Slugs;
- Nkhono;
- Zowonera;
- opunduka;
- Lathyathyathya nyongolotsi;
- Ophiuroids;
- Zizindikiro;
- masiponji am'madzi;
- Makorali;
- Anemones;
- madzi oyera amadzi;
- Amoebas;
- Salimoni.
Dziwani kuti ndi nyama ziti 10 zomwe zikuchedwa kwambiri padziko lapansi mu nkhani ya PeritoAnimal.
Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga zina zambiri zofanana ndi 15 nyama za hermaphrodite komanso momwe zimasinthana, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulowe mu gawo lathu la Curiosities la nyama.