Zinyama zomwe zili pachiwopsezo ku Amazon - Zithunzi ndi zanzeru

Mlembi: John Stephens
Tsiku La Chilengedwe: 22 Jayuwale 2021
Sinthani Tsiku: 20 Novembala 2024
Anonim
Zinyama zomwe zili pachiwopsezo ku Amazon - Zithunzi ndi zanzeru - Ziweto
Zinyama zomwe zili pachiwopsezo ku Amazon - Zithunzi ndi zanzeru - Ziweto

Zamkati

Amazon ndiye nkhalango yotentha kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndipo imakhala pafupifupi 40% ya madera onse aku Brazil. Chachiwiri cha Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), pali 4,196,943 km² ku Brazil kokha, Kupyola m'maiko a Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Pará, Roraima, Rondônia, Mato Grosso, Maranhão ndi Tocantins.

Ikupezekanso m'maiko ena asanu ndi atatu omwe ali m'malire a Brazil: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, French Guiana, Peru, Suriname ndi Venezuela, potero ali ndi dera la 6.9 miliyoni km2.

M'nkhalango ya Amazon mutha kupeza nyama ndi zomera zambiri, ndichifukwa chake zimawerengedwa kuti ndi malo achitetezo amitundu yodabwitsa kwambiri. Akuti ku Amazon kuli mitundu yoposa 5,000[1] za nyama, zambiri mwa izo pangozi.


M'nkhaniyi yokhudza nyama zowopsa ku Amazon - zithunzi ndi zanzeru, kuchokera ku PeritoAnimal, mudzakumana ndi nyama 24 zochokera ku nkhalango yamvula ya Amazon - ziwiri mwazo zatha kale ndipo 22 zomwe zikuwopsezedwa motero zimakhala pachiwopsezo cha kutha kuchokera ku chilengedwe. Onani mndandanda womwe tidapanga wonena za nyamazi, zina mwazo zomwe ndizodziwika bwino komanso zomwe zimawonedwa ngati zizindikiro za Amazon!

Zinyama zowopsa ku Amazon

Brazil pakadali pano ili ndi nyama 1,173 zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha, malinga ndi Red Book of the Brazilian Fauna Endangered with Extinction, yokonzedwa ndi Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation, yolumikizidwa ndi Unduna wa Zachilengedwe. Komanso malinga ndi chikalatacho, mwa mitundu 5,070 ya mindandanda yomwe imapezeka ku Amazon, 180 ali pachiwopsezo chotha. Muthanso kukhala ndi chidwi ndi nyama zomwe zili pachiwopsezo ku Pantanal.


Dzimvetserani! Nyama zomwe zikuwopsezedwa kuti zitha, ndiye kuti zomwe zikadalipo koma zomwe zili pachiwopsezo chotha, ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi nyama zomwe zili pachiwopsezo kuthengo - zomwe zimangobedwa mu ukapolo. Komanso nyama zomwe zatsala ndi zomwe sizikupezeka. Mwa nyama zomwe zimawopsezedwa, pali mitundu itatu yamagulu: osatetezeka, okhala pangozi kapena owopsa.

Zina mwazifukwa zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa nyama ku Amazon ndi kumanga kwa magetsi opangira magetsi, zomwe zimakhudza mwachindunji malo okhala nsomba ndi mbalame zina, kuphatikiza pazinyama zam'madzi monga dolphin ya pinki ndi manatee a Amazonia.

Kukula kwa ulimi, ndikuwonjezeka kwa kudula mitengo mwachisawawa, kukula kwa mizinda komanso kuwonongedwa kwa nkhalango, kuipitsa, kusaka kosaloledwa, kuzembetsa nyama, kuwotchedwa ndipo zokopa alendo zomwe zawonongeka zikuwonetsedwanso ndi boma la Brazil kuti ndizoopseza kwambiri nyama za ku Amazon.[1]


Malinga ndi lipoti lomwe linatulutsidwa ndi NGO WWF mu Seputembara 2020, pulaneti lidataya 68% ya nyama zake zamtchire pasanathe zaka 50. Chikalatachi chikuwonetsa kuti kudula mitengo mwachisawawa ndikufutukuka kwa madera azilimi ndizomwe zimapangitsa izi.[2]

Mwa nyama zomwe zatha mu Amazon, tikambirana ziwiri:

Little Nkhono Macaw (Anodorhynchus khungu)

Zokongola kwambiri, kachilombo kakang'ono ka kachasu kakhoza kuwonedwa m'nkhalango ya Amazon komanso ku Pantanal. Amawoneka kuti atha kwazaka zosachepera 50, mitundu ina yamasamba a hyacinth imapezekabe mu ukapolo kapena ngakhale kuthengo, koma akuwopsezedwanso kuti ikutha.

Eskimo Mpira (Numenius borealis)

Curlew wa Eskimo amadziwika kuti sanathenso kuderako ndi ICMBIO. Izi ndichifukwa choti ndi mbalame zosamuka, zomwe zimakhala m'madera a Canada ndi Alaska, koma zomwe zimatha kuwonedwa ku Uruguay, Argentina ndi Amazonas, Mato Grosso ndi São Paulo. Komabe, mbiri yomaliza yanyama mdzikolo idachitika zaka zoposa 150 zapitazo.

Zinyama zowopsa ku Amazon

1. Dolphin ya pinki (Inia geoffrensis)

Mkhalidwe: pangozi.

Chimodzi mwazizindikiro za Amazon, chimatchedwanso dolphin yofiira. Ndi fayilo ya Dolphin wamkulu kwambiri wamadzi alibe. Tsoka ilo, utoto wake wosiyanasiyana udawapangitsa kuti azingowopsezedwa kudzera munsomba. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonongeka kwa mitsinje, kugumuka kwa nyanja komanso kumanga madoko kumayambitsanso zamoyozi. Nkhani zachisoni zidatulutsidwa mu 2018: kuchuluka kwa dolphin yamadzi amadzi aku Amazon amatsika ndi theka zaka khumi zilizonse.[4]

2. Dolphin wakuda (Sotalia guianensis)

Mkhalidwe: osatetezeka.

Nyama iyi imatha kutalika 220cm mpaka 121 kilos. Amadyetsa makamaka pa teleost nsomba ndi squid ndipo amakhala zaka 30 mpaka 35. Dolphin imvi ndi dolphin ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja, ndipo imapezeka ku Honduras, ku Central America, mpaka kudera la Santa Catarina, koma imapezekanso m'chigawo cha Amazon.

3. nyamazi (panthera onca)

Mkhalidwe: osatetezeka.

Wotchedwanso jaguar, ndiye mphalapala wamkulu kwambiri yemwe amakhala ku America ndi ku wachitatu waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi (kuseli kwa kambuku wa bengal ndi mkango). Kuphatikiza apo, ndi mtundu wokhawo mwa mitundu inayi yodziwika bwino ya mtundu wa Panthera yomwe imapezeka ku America. Ngakhale amadziwika kuti ndi nyama yoyimira Amazon, anthu ake onse amafalikira kuchokera kumwera chakumwera kwa United States mpaka kumpoto kwa Argentina, kuphatikiza gawo lalikulu la Central ndi South America.

4. Chimphona Armadillo (Maximus Priodonts)

Mkhalidwe: osatetezeka.

Poopsezedwa kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa moto m'nkhalango, kudula mitengo mwachisawawa komanso kusaka nyama, chimphona chotchedwa armadillo chili ndi mchira wautali wokutidwa ndi zikopa zazing'ono zazing'ono. Amakhala zaka 12 mpaka 15.

5. Puma (Puma concolor)

Mkhalidwe: osatetezeka.

Puma, puma ndi feline yomwe imasinthasintha bwino kumadera osiyanasiyana, chifukwa imatha kupezeka madera osiyanasiyana aku America. Imakwaniritsa kuthamanga kwambiri ndipo ili ndi kudumpha kwamphamvu, yomwe imatha kutalika kwa 5.5 mita.

6.Nyama Yamphongo Yaikulu (Myrmecophaga tridactyla)

Mkhalidwe: osatetezeka.

Ili pakati pa 1.80 ndi 2.10 mita ndikufika mpaka 41 kilos. Osangokhala mawonekedwe a Amazon, imapezekanso mu Pantanal, Cerrado ndi Atlantic Forest. Ndi chizolowezi chodziwika kwambiri padziko lapansi, ili ndi mphuno yayitali komanso mawonekedwe odula kwambiri.

7.Marayay (Kambuku wiedii)

Mkhalidwe: osatetezeka.

Ndi maso akulu, otuluka, margay ali ndi miyendo yakumbuyo yosinthasintha, mphuno yotuluka, miyendo yayikulu ndi mchira wautali.

8.Manatee a ku Amazonia (Trichechus inungui)

Mkhalidwe: osatetezeka.

Nyama yayikuluyi imatha kulemera mpaka 420 kilos ndikufika 2.75 m kutalika. Ndi khungu losalala komanso lakuda, limakhala ndi utoto wosiyanasiyana wakuda mpaka wakuda ndipo nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi malo oyera kapena pinki pang'ono kudera lamkati. THE chakudya ya manatee ya Amazonia imapangidwa ndi udzu, macrophytes ndi zomera zam'madzi.

9. Otter (Pteronura brasiliensis)

Mkhalidwe: osatetezeka

The otter giant ndi nyama yodya nyama yomwe imapezeka ku Amazon komanso ku madambo. Amatchedwanso jaguar yamadzi, otter wamkulu ndi nkhandwe yamtsinje, ili ndi mchira wopindika woboola pakati wothandizira kusambira.

10. Parrot-wa m'mawere (vinaceous Amazon)

Mkhalidwe: osatetezeka.

Parrot wamabele ofiyira amapezeka kumadera omwe ali ndi nkhalango za Araucaria, monga Paraguay, kumpoto kwa Argentina ndi Brazil, komwe amapezeka kuchokera ku Minas Gerais kupita ku Rio Grande do Sul. , zomwe zimaziyika pamndandanda wachisoni wa nyama zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha kapena nyama zowopsa ku Amazon.

11.Tapir (Tapirus terrestris)

Mkhalidwe: osatetezeka.

Ndi nyamayi yomwe imatha kulemera mpaka 300 kg. Nyama ndi khungu lake ndizofunika kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kusaka chimodzi mwazifukwa zazikulu zomwe anthu ena akukhalamo Ngozi. Tapir amatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 35 ndipo kubereka kwa ana awo kumatenga, pafupifupi masiku 400.

12. Mphesa (Synallaxis kollari)

Mkhalidwe: pangozi.

Mbalame yaying'onoyi nthawi zambiri imakhala mainchesi 16 ndipo imakonda kukhalamo nkhalango zowirira, sikupezeka ku Brazil kokha, komanso ku Guyana. Ili ndi nthenga zokongola mumithunzi ya dzimbiri mthupi ndikutulutsa pakhosi.

13. Ararajuba (Guaruba guarouba)

Mkhalidwe: osatetezeka

Ararajuba amakonda kumanga zisa zawo m'mitengo yayitali, yopitilira 15 mita. Mbalameyi imapezeka makamaka m'chigawo chapakati kumpoto kwa Maranhão, kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Amazon ndi kumpoto kwa Pará, mbalameyi ndi yayitali masentimita 35 ndipo ili ndi nthenga zambiri Waku Brazil wonyezimira wachikaso chagolide, wokhala ndi nsonga zamapiko zobiriwira zobiriwira.

14. Chiwombankhanga (Zovuta kwambiri)

Mkhalidwe: osatetezeka.

Mbalameyi imadziwikanso kuti harpy, ndipo imadya nyama zing'onozing'ono monga zinyama ndi mbalame zina. Chiwombankhanga chitha kupezeka m'maiko ena aku Latin America, monga Mexico, Argentina, Colombia ndi ena ku Central America. Ili ndi mapiko otseguka mpaka 2,5 mita kutalika ndipo imatha kulemera mpaka 10 kilos.

15. Chauá (Rhodocorytha Amazon)

Mkhalidwe: osatetezeka.

Parrot wa chauá ali pafupifupi masentimita 40 m'litali ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi wamkulu. Ndikosavuta kuzindikira, chifukwa cha korona wofiira pamutu pake, ndi milomo imvi ndi miyendo. Zakudya zawo zimakhazikitsidwa ndi zipatso, mbewu, zipatso, masamba ndi masamba.

16. Zinyama (tigrinus leopardus)

Mkhalidwe: pangozi.

Amadziwika ndi mayina osiyanasiyana. Mphaka wa Macambira, pintadinho, mumuninha ndi chué, ndipo amachokera kubanja lomwelo ndi margay, mwatsoka mwatsatanetsatane nawonso ali m'ndandanda wa nyama zowopsa ku Amazon. Mphaka wakutchire ndiye Mitundu yaying'ono kwambiri ya mphamba ku Brazil. Ili ndi kukula kofanana kwambiri ndi ziweto, ndi kutalika kuyambira 40cm mpaka 60cm.

17. Cuica-de-vest (Caluromysiops amaphulika)

Mkhalidwe: wowopsa pangozi.

Cuíca-de-vest, komanso opossums, ndi marsupial yomwe ili ndi abale kangaroo ndi koalas. Pokhala ndi zizolowezi zakusiku, imadyetsa nyama zazing'ono, timadzi tokoma ndi zipatso ndipo imatha kulemera magalamu 450.

18. Kangaude Kangaude (Atheles Belzebuth)

Mkhalidwe: osatetezeka.

Nyani kangaude amatha kulemera mpaka 8.5 kilos ndipo amakhala zaka 25 muukapolo. Mitengo yodziwika bwino ya m'nkhalango zotentha, chakudya chawo chimadalira zipatso. Tsoka ilo, nyaniyu ndi amodzi omwe atengeka kwambiri ndi zovuta za anthu, ngakhale chifukwa amasakidwa kwambiri ndi mbadwa za Yanomami.

19.Uakari (Hosomi cacajao)

Mkhalidwe: pangozi.

Amachokera ku Venezuela, nyaniyu amapezeka m'nkhalango yamvula ya Amazon ya terra firme, nkhalango ya igapó, campinarana kapena Rio Negro caatinga.

20. Sauim-de-lear (Wachinyamata)saguinus wamitundu iwiri)

Mkhalidwe: wowopsa kwambiri.

Nyama ina yomwe ili pachiwopsezo chachikulu, imapezeka ku Manaus, Itacoatiara ndi Rio Pedro da Eva. kudula mitengo zoyambitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mizinda ndichimodzi mwazifukwa zazikulu zochepetsera zachilengedwe.

21. Jacu-mng'alu (Neomorphus geoffroyi amazonus)

Mkhalidwe: osatetezeka.

Mbalameyi imapezeka m'malo osiyanasiyana ku Brazil, monga Espirito Santo, Minas Gerais, Tocantins, Bahia, Maranhão ndi Acre. Amatha kufika masentimita 54 m'litali ndipo amadziwika kuti amatulutsa mawu owuma okumbutsa kukumbukira kwa mano a nkhumba zakutchire.

22. Caiarara (Cebus kaapori)

Mkhalidwe: wowopsa pangozi.

Ali pano kum'mawa kwa Pará ndi Maranhão, nyani wa caiarara amatchedwanso piticó kapena nyani wamaso oyera. Imalemera makilogalamu atatu ndipo imadyetsa zipatso, tizilombo ndi mbewu. Kuwonongeka kwa malo ake achilengedwe ndiye chiwopsezo chachikulu ku zamoyozi, zomwe zimayikanso pamndandanda wazinyama zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutayika ku Amazon.

Momwe mungalimbane ndi kutha kwa nyama

Mutha kuganiza kuti simungathandize kuteteza miyoyo ya anthu osiyanasiyana. nyama zowopsa. Koma chosangalatsa ndichakuti inde, pali njira zingapo zomwe zitha kuchitidwa kuti kupulumutsa zachilengedwe za padziko lapansi.

Kutengera ndi malingaliro ochokera ku WWF Brasil ndi akatswiri ena anyama, talemba zinthu zosavuta kuchita zomwe mungachite:

  • Samalani kwambiri mukamapita kumidzi kapena kunkhalango: nthawi zambiri moto umayambitsidwa ndi kunyalanyaza anthu
  • Mukamakwera mapiri, nthawi zonse tengani zikwama kapena zikwama zam'manja momwe mungasungire zinyalala kapena kutolera zomwe mwapeza panjira. Sikuti aliyense amadziwa ndipo matumba apulasitiki ndi mabotolo amatha kuyika nyama zambiri pachiwopsezo.
  • Musagule zikumbutso zopangidwa ndi khungu la nyama, fupa, carapace, mulomo kapena zopalira
  • Mukamagula mipando, fufuzani komwe matabwawo adachokera. Ikani zinthu zofunika patsogolo.
  • Pitani kukawedza? Osamawedza ngati zatha nyengo yovomerezeka, apo ayi mitundu ingapo imatha
  • Mukamayendera malo osungira nyama kapena madera otetezedwa, fufuzani za zinthu zomwe siziloledwa kapena zosaloledwa pamalowa, monga msasa.

Ziwopsezo za nyama ku Brazil

Kuti mudziwe mndandanda wathunthu wazinyama zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha ku Brazil, ingolowani Red Book of Brazilian Fauna Threatened with Extinction, wolemba ICMBio. Zomwe tidayika m'mabuku athu pansipa. Muthanso kupeza nkhani ina yomwe tidapanga yokhudza nyama zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha ku Brazil. Kwa lotsatira!

Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga zina zambiri zofanana ndi Zinyama zomwe zili pachiwopsezo ku Amazon - Zithunzi ndi zanzeru, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulowe gawo lathu la Nyama Zotayika.