Zamkati
- Banana Kangaude (Phoneutria nigriventer)
- Tityus Scorpions
- Anaconda wobiriwira (Eunectes murinus)
- Cai Alligator (Melanosuchus niger)
- Chifukwa (Electrophorus magetsi)
- Kumpoto kwa Jararaca (Bothrops atrox)
- Ma piranhas a Amazon
- mitu ya mivi
- kukonza ant
- madzi opopera madzi
- Jaguar (Panthera onca)
Amazon ndiye nkhalango yotentha kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, yomwe ili m'maiko 9 aku South America. M'nkhalango ya Amazon mutha kupeza nyama ndi zomera zambiri, ndichifukwa chake zimawerengedwa kuti ndi malo achitetezo amitundu yodabwitsa kwambiri. Akuyerekeza kuti mu Amazon imakhala mitundu yopitilira 1500 ya nyama, ambiri a iwo ali pangozi yakutha.
Chinyama chilichonse chimayang'ana pazifukwa zina, mwina chifukwa cha kukongola, machitidwe kapena kusowa.Mitundu ina ya Amazonia imadziwika ndikuwopedwa chifukwa champhamvu zake komanso zowopsa. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti palibe nyama yomwe ndi yankhanza mwachilengedwe, monga momwe imamvekera nthawi zina. Amangokhala ndi njira zosakira komanso zodzitetezera zomwe zitha kupangitsa kuti zitha kupha anthu komanso anthu ena omwe angawopseze moyo wawo kapena kuwalanda. Munkhaniyi ya PeritoAnimal, tikambirana mwachidule zina zazing'onozing'ono nyama 11 zowopsa ku Amazon.
Banana Kangaude (Phoneutria nigriventer)
Mtundu uwu wa kangaude ndi wa banja la Ctenidae, PA ndipo amalingaliridwa, ndi akatswiri ambiri, monga imodzi mwa akangaude owopsa komanso owopsa padziko lapansi. Ngakhale zili zoona kuti mtundu wamtunduwu wotchedwa Phoneutria phera, womwe umakhalanso m'nkhalango ku South America, uli ndi poizoni wowopsa, ndizowona kuti akangaude a nthochi ndi omwe amatsogolera. kulumidwa kwambiri mwa anthu. Izi zimachitika osati chifukwa chaukali komanso zizolowezi zofananira. Nthawi zambiri amakhala m'minda ya nthochi ndipo amapezeka m'madoko ndi mumzinda, ndichifukwa chake amalumikizana pafupipafupi ndi anthu, makamaka ndi ogwira ntchito zaulimi.
Ndi kangaude wa kukula kwakukulu ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, omwe zitsanzo zawo zazikulu nthawi zambiri zimakhala pachikhatho chonse cha munthu wamkulu. Ali ndi maso akulu awiri akutsogolo ndi awiri ang'onoang'ono omwe amapezeka mbali zonse za miyendo yawo yolimba, yaubweya. Zingwe zazitali komanso zamphamvu zimayang'ana ndikukulolani kuti muchepetse poyizoni kuti muteteze kapena kulepheretsa nyamayo.
Tityus Scorpions
Ku South America kuli mitundu yoposa 100 ya zinkhanira za mtunduwo Tityus. Ngakhale kuti mitundu 6 yokha mwa mitundu iyi ndi yowopsa, imaluma kupha pafupifupi anthu 30 miyoyo chaka chilichonse kumpoto kwa Brazil kokha, motero, amakhala m'gulu la nyama zowopsa ku Amazon komanso zowopsa. Kuukira kumeneku kumakhala koyenera chifukwa cha zinkhanira m'matauni, zomwe zimalumikizana ndi anthu pafupifupi tsiku lililonse.
zinkhanira Tityus Ziphe zili ndi poyizoni wamphamvu mu bulbous gland, yomwe imatha kutenthetsa ndi mbola yokhota pamchira wawo. Mukalowetsedwa mthupi la munthu wina, zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimayambitsa ziwalo nthawi yomweyo ndipo zimatha kudwala matenda amtima kapena kupuma. Ndi chida chodzitetezera komanso chida champhamvu chosaka.
Anaconda wobiriwira (Eunectes murinus)
Anaconda wobiriwira wotchuka ndi njoka yokhazikika yomwe imapezeka mumitsinje ya Amazonia, yopanga banja la mabwato. Iyi ndi mtundu wa njoka yomwe imadziwika kuti ndiimodzi mwamphamvu kwambiri, chifukwa mtundu wa njoka iyi imatha kufikira yolemera makilogalamu 220, pali mikangano yokhudza wamkulu kapena ayi. Ndi chifukwa chakuti python yolumikizidwa pamtanda (Zolemba pa Python reticulatus) nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi masentimita angapo kuposa anaconda wobiriwira, ngakhale kuti thupi limakhala laling'ono kwambiri.
Ngakhale ali ndi mbiri yoipa m'mafilimu ambiri omwe amadziwika ndi dzina lawo, anacondas obiriwira sangalimbane ndi anthu, popeza anthu sali mbali ya trophic. Ndikutanthauza, anaconda wobiriwira samenya anthu kuti apeze chakudya. Kawirikawiri nkhono zobiriwira za ankhonda pa anthu zimateteza nyama zikafuna kuopsezedwa mwanjira inayake. Kunena zowona, njoka nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri kuposa zamwano. Ngati atha kuthawa kapena kubisala kuti asunge mphamvu ndikupewa mikangano, atero.
Dziwani njoka zoopsa kwambiri ku Brazil munkhani ya PeritoAnimal.
Cai Alligator (Melanosuchus niger)
China china pamndandanda wazinyama zowopsa ku Amazon ndi alligator-açu. Ndi mtundu wamtunduwu Melanosuchus amene anapulumuka. Thupi limatha kutalika mpaka 6 mita ndipo limakhala ndi utoto wakuda pafupifupi nthawi zonse, pokhala m'gulu la ng'ona zazikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi. Kuphatikiza pa kusambira kosangalatsa, alligator-açu ndiwonso mlenje wosaleka komanso wanzeru kwambiri., ndi nsagwada zamphamvu kwambiri. Chakudya chimayambira nyama zazing'ono, mbalame ndi nsomba mpaka nyama zazikulu monga agwape, anyani, capybaras ndi nguluwe.
Chifukwa (Electrophorus magetsi)
Ma eel amagetsi ali ndi mayina ambiri pachikhalidwe chofala. Anthu ambiri amawasokoneza ndi njoka zam'madzi, koma nsomba ndi mtundu wa nsomba zomwe zili m'banjamo Galireza. M'malo mwake, ndi mtundu wapadera wa mtundu wake, wokhala ndimikhalidwe ina.
Mosakayikira, odziwika kwambiri, komanso owopa kwambiri, omwe amadziwika ndi ma eel ndi kuthekera kofalitsa mafunde amagetsi kuchokera mkati mwa thupi kupita kunja. Izi ndizotheka chifukwa thupi la ma eel ali ndimaselo apadera kwambiri omwe amawalola kutulutsa magetsi amphamvu mpaka 600 W (mphamvu yayikulu kuposa chilichonse chomwe muli nacho mnyumba mwanu) ndipo, pachifukwa ichi, amaganizira okha ndi nyama zoopsa kuchokera ku Amazon. Eels amagwiritsa ntchito kuthekera uku kudziteteza, kusaka nyama komanso kulumikizana ndi ma eel ena.
Kumpoto kwa Jararaca (Bothrops atrox)
Pakati pa njoka zowopsa kwambiri ku Amazon, muyenera kupeza Northern Jararaca, mtundu womwe wapha anthu ambiri modetsa nkhawa. Kuluma kowopsa kumeneku kumafotokozedwera osati kokha chifukwa cha umunthu wanjoka, komanso chifukwa chakuzindikira kwawo. Ngakhale amakhala mwachilengedwe m'nkhalango, njokazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza chakudya chochuluka kuzungulira mizinda ndi anthu, chifukwa zinyalala za anthu zimakonda kukopa makoswe, abuluzi, mbalame ndi zina zotero.
Iwo ndi njoka zazikulu zomwe imatha kufikira mamita 2 m'lifupi. Mitundu imapezeka m'mayendedwe abulauni, obiriwira kapena imvi, okhala ndi mikwingwirima kapena mawanga. Njoka izi ndizodziwika bwino chifukwa chazovuta zawo komanso njira yayikulu yosakira. Chifukwa cha limba lotchedwa loreal maenje, omwe amakhala pakati pa mphuno ndi maso, amatha kuzindikira kutentha kwa thupi kwa nyama zamagazi. Pozindikira kupezeka kwa nyamayo, njokayi imadzibisa yokha pakati pa masamba, nthambi ndi zina mwa njirayo kenako imadikirira moleza mtima mpaka itazindikira nthawi yakupha. Ndipo nthawi zambiri amalakwitsa.
Ma piranhas a Amazon
Mawu akuti piranha amagwiritsidwa ntchito potchulira mitundu ingapo ya nsomba zodya nyama zomwe zimakhala mumitsinje ya Amazon. Piranhas, yemwenso amadziwika kuti "carib" ku Venezuela, ndi am'banja lalikulu kwambiri MulembeFM yomwe imaphatikizaponso mitundu ina yazitsamba. Ndi nyama zolusa zomwe zimadziwika ndi iwo mano akuthwa kwambiri komanso kudya kwambiri, kukhala ina mwa nyama zowopsa za Amazon. Komabe, ndi nsomba zapakatikati zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala pakati pa masentimita 15 mpaka 25, ngakhale zili ndi zolembedwa zolembedwa zoposa 35 sentimita m'lifupi. Ndi nyama zomwe zimatha kudyetsa mbalame zonse komanso zinyama pakamphindi kochepa chabe chifukwa nthawi zambiri zimaukira limodzi, koma ma piranhas samaukira anthu kawirikawiri ndipo sakhala owopsa monga akunenera m'makanema.
mitu ya mivi
Polankhula za magwire amatanthauza banja osati zamoyo zokha. banja lapamwamba magwire zomwe ndizokhudzana ndi banja Aromobatidae ndipo muli mitundu yoposa 180 ya anuran amphibians omwe amadziwika kuti mitu ya mivi kapena mikwingwirima yapoizoni. Nyama izi zimawerengedwa kuti zimapezeka ku South America komanso gawo lina la Central America, makamaka okhala m'nkhalango ya Amazon. Pakhungu lawo amanyamula poizoni wamphamvu wotchedwa batrachotoxin, yemwe Amwenye ankakonda kuwagwiritsa ntchito pamivi kuti aphedwe mwachangu nyama zomwe amasaka ndi chakudya komanso adani omwe awononga gawo lawo.
mtundu wa magwire omwe amadziwika kuti ndi owopsa kwambiri ku Amazon ndi Phyllobates terribilis. Amphibiya achikuda achikudawa amakhala ndi timadontho tating'onoting'ono pamapazi awo, kotero amatha kuyima molimba pazomera ndi nthambi za nkhalango yanyontho ya Amazon. Akuti kachilombo kakang'ono ka poizoni wawo kangaphe anthu mpaka 1500, ndichifukwa chake achule amutu wamutuwu ali m'gulu la nyama zakupha padziko lapansi.
kukonza ant
Nyerere zankhondo ndi imodzi mwa nyama zoopsa ku Amazon, zitha kuwoneka zazing'ono koma mitundu iyi ya nyerere ndi alenje osaleka, yomwe ili ndi nsagwada zamphamvu komanso zowongoka kwambiri. Amadziwika kuti nyerere zankhondo kapena nyerere zankhondo chifukwa cha momwe zimaukira. Gulu lankhondo la Marabunta silimenya palokha, koma limayitanitsa gulu lalikulu kuti liwombere nyama zazikulu kuposa zawo. Pakadali pano, dzina ladzina lamtunduwu limatchula mitundu yoposa 200 ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya banjali Nyerere. M'nkhalango ya Amazon, ndizambiri zomwe msirikali wa nyerere wabanja Ecitoninae.
Kudzera mu mbola, nyererezi zimabaya mankhwala ochepa a poizoni amene amafooketsa ndi kusungunula matupi a nyama. Pasanapite nthawi, amagwiritsa ntchito nsagwada zamphamvu kuti agwetse nyama yomwe yaphedwayo, kuti athe kudzidyetsa okha komanso mbozi zawo. Chifukwa chake, amadziwika kuti ndi nyama zazing'ono kwambiri komanso zowopsa kwambiri mu Amazon yonse.
Mosiyana ndi nyerere zambiri, nyerere zankhondo sizimapanga chisa ngati sizinyamula mphutsi zawo ndikukhazikitsa misasa yakanthawi komwe amapeza kupezeka kwa chakudya komanso malo okhala otetezeka.
madzi opopera madzi
Ma stingray ophera madzi oyera ndi gawo la mtundu wa nsomba za neotropical wotchedwa Potamotrygon, yomwe ili ndi mitundu 21 yodziwika. Amakhala ku South America konse (kupatula Chile), mitundu yayikulu kwambiri yamitundu imapezeka mumitsinje ya Amazon. Ma stingray awa ndi olusa olusa omwe, pakamwa pawo atakakamira m'matope, mbozi zamagawo, nkhono, nsomba zazing'ono, zopunduka ndi nyama zina za mumtsinje kuti zidye.
Mwambiri, ma stingray awa amakhala moyo wabata m'mitsinje ya Amazonia. Komabe, akawona kuti awopsezedwa, amatha kuyambitsa njira yoopsa yodzitetezera. Pamchira wake waminyewa, timing'alu tambiri tating'onoting'ono timatuluka, tomwe nthawi zambiri timabisidwa ndi mchimake wamankhwala okutidwa ndi poizoni wamphamvu. Nyama ikaona kuti ikuwopsezedwa kapena ikawona chinthu chachilendo m'gawo lake, mitsempha yothimbirira ndi poizoni imaonekera, mbalameyi imagwedeza mchira wake ndikuigwiritsa ntchito ngati chikwapu kuthana ndi nyama zomwe zitha kudya. Poizoni wamphamvuyu amawononga khungu ndi minofu yam'mimba, kuyambitsa kupweteka kwambiri, kupuma movutikira, kuphwanya kwa minofu ndi kuwonongeka kosasinthika kwa ziwalo zofunika monga ubongo, mapapo ndi mtima. Chifukwa chake, ma stingray am'madzi abwino amakhala gawo la nyama zowopsa zochokera ku Amazon komanso zowopsa kwambiri.
Jaguar (Panthera onca)
Chinyama china pamndandanda wa nyama zowopsa zochokera ku Amazon nyamayi, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti jaguar, ndiye mbalame yayikulu kwambiri yomwe imakhala ku America komanso yachitatu padziko lonse lapansi (pambuyo pangodya kambuku ndi mkango). Kuphatikiza apo, ndi mtundu umodzi wokha mwa mitundu inayi yodziwika bwino yamtunduwu. panthera omwe angapezeke ku America. Ngakhale amadziwika kuti ndi nyama yoyimira Amazon, anthu ake onse amafalikira kuchokera kumwera chakumwera kwa United States mpaka kumpoto kwa Argentina, kuphatikiza gawo lalikulu la Central ndi South America.
Monga tingaganizire, ndi mphalapala wamkulu yemwe amadziwika ngati katswiri wosaka. Chakudya chimaphatikizapo nyama zazing'ono ndi zapakatikati kuzinyama zazikulu. Tsoka ilo, ndi imodzi mwa nyama zomwe zili pachiwopsezo chachikulu kuti zitha. M'malo mwake, anthu adachotsedwa m'chigawo cha North America ndipo amachepetsedwa kudera la South America. M'zaka zaposachedwa, kukhazikitsidwa kwa National Parks m'nkhalango kudathandizirana kuteteza mitundu iyi ndikuwongolera kusaka masewera. Ngakhale ikuyimira imodzi mwazinyama zowopsa ku Amazon, ndi imodzi mwazinthu zokongola kwambiri ndipo, monga tidanenera kale, ili pangozi chifukwa cha zochita za anthu.
Phunzirani zambiri za nyama zamtchire mu nkhani ya PeritoAnimal.
