Kodi nyama amaganiza?

Zamkati

• Zomwe zimasiyanitsa anthu ndi nyama zina
• Kodi nyama zimaganiza mwachibadwa?
• Kodi nyama amaganiza?
• Nzeru zanyama: zitsanzo

Anthu aphunzira momwe nyama zimakhalira kwazaka zambiri. THE zamakhalidwe, yomwe ndi yomwe timatcha gawo ili la chidziwitso cha sayansi, cholinga chake, mwazinthu zina, kudziwa ngati nyama zimaganiza kapena ayi, popeza anthu apanga luntha chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimasiyanitsa anthu ndi nyama.

Munkhaniyi ndi PeritoAnimal, tifotokoza malingaliro akulu a maphunziro omwe amayesa kuwunika luso lazinyama. Kodi nyama zimaganiza? Tilongosola chilichonse chokhudza luntha la nyama.

Zomwe zimasiyanitsa anthu ndi nyama zina

Kuti tipeze lingaliro loti kaya nyama amaganiza kapena ayi, chinthu choyamba kuchita ndikutanthauzira tanthauzo la kuganiza. "Kuganiza" kumachokera ku Chilatini angaganize, yomwe inali ndi tanthauzo loyeza, kuwerengera kapena kuganiza. Dikishonare la Michaelis limatanthauzira kuganiza ngati "kusewera kuweruza kapena kuzindikira". Dikishonaleyi imafotokoza matanthauzidwe angapo, pomwe ena mwa awa ndi awa: "kuwunika china chake mozama kuti apange chiweruzo", "kukumbukira, cholinga, cholinga" komanso "kusankha posinkhasinkha". ^[1]

Zochita zonsezi nthawi yomweyo zimatanthawuza lingaliro lina lomwe lingaliro silingachotsedwe, ndipo palibe winanso kupatula luntha. Mawuwa atha kutanthauziridwa kuti luso la malingaliro lomwe limaloleza phunzirani, kumvetsetsa, kulingalira, kupanga zisankho ndikupanga lingaliro zenizeni. Kudziwa kuti ndi nyama ziti zomwe zingaoneke ngati zanzeru kwakhala phunziro lanthawi zonse.

Malinga ndi tanthauzo lomwe laperekedwa, pafupifupi nyama zonse zitha kuonedwa kuti ndizanzeru chifukwa zimatha kuphunzira, mwanjira ina, gwirizanani ndi malo anu. Luntha sikungothetsa masamu kapena zina zotere. Kumbali inayi, matanthauzidwe ena amaphatikizapo kutha kugwiritsa ntchito zida, kupanga chikhalidwe, ndiye kuti, kuphunzitsa kuchokera kwa makolo kupita kwa ana, kapena kungosangalala ndi kukongola kwa luso kapena kulowa kwa dzuwa. Komanso kutha kulumikizana kudzera mchilankhulo, ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro kapena zizindikiro, chimaonedwa ngati chizindikiro cha luntha chifukwa chimafunikira kuchuluka kwakukulu kuti zigwirizanitse matanthauzidwe ndi otanthauzira. Luntha, monga tikuwonera, zimadalira momwe wofufuzirayo amafotokozera.

Funso la luntha lazinyama ndi yotsutsana ndipo imakhudza asayansi komanso anzeru komanso achipembedzo. Izi ndichifukwa, potchula anthu ngati alireza, chidzakhala chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe munthu angamvetse chomwe chimasiyanitsa anthu ndi nyama zina. Komanso, zomwe mwanjira inayake zimavomerezera kuzunzidwa kwa nyama zina zonse, chifukwa zimawerengedwa kuti ndi zochepa.

Chifukwa chake, machitidwe pofufuza nkhaniyi sanganyalanyazidwe. Ndikofunikanso kuloweza pamtima dzina la sayansi, zamakhalidwe, yomwe imafotokozedwa ngati kafukufuku wofanizira wamakhalidwe azinyama.

Kumbali inayi, maphunziro amakhala ndi kukonderaanthropocentric, chifukwa amapangidwa ndi anthu, omwenso ndi omwe amatanthauzira zotsatira zake malinga ndi malingaliro awo ndi njira yawo yakumvetsetsa dziko lapansi, zomwe sizofanana kwenikweni ndi nyama, zomwe, mwachitsanzo, kununkhira kumakhala kwakukulu kapena kumva. Ndipo sizikutanthauza kuti pakalibe chilankhulo, chomwe chimatilepheretsa kumvetsetsa. Zowunika m'chilengedwe ziyeneranso kuyesedwa poyerekeza ndi zomwe zimapangidwa mwama laboratories.

Kafukufuku akupangidwabe ndipo akubweretsa zatsopano. Mwachitsanzo, potengera chidziwitso chamakono cha Ntchito Yaikulu Yaimfa, lero anyaniwa akufunsidwa kuti atenge maufulu omwe amafanana nawo ngati ma hominid omwe ali. Monga tikuwonera, luntha limakhala ndi zotsatirapo pamakhalidwe oyenera komanso malamulo.

Kodi nyama zimaganiza mwachibadwa?

Poganizira tanthauzo la lingaliro, kuyankha funsoli, ndikofunikira kudziwa tanthauzo la mawuwo chibadwa. Chibadwa chimanena za makhalidwe achibadwa, motero, sizinaphunzitsidwe koma zimafalikira kudzera mumajini. Ndiye kuti, mwachilengedwe, nyama zonse zamtundu womwewo zimayankha chimodzimodzi pakulimbikitsa kwina. Zachibadwa zimapezeka m'zinyama, koma tisaiwale kuti zimapezekanso mwa anthu.

Kafukufukuyu adachitika ndi cholinga chothetsa nkhani ya momwe nyama zimaganizira, ambiri, amawona kuti zinyama zimaposa, potengera nzeru za nyama, zokwawa, zamoyo zam'madzi ndi nsomba, zomwe zidapambananso ndi mbalame. Mwa iwo, anyani, njovu ndi ma dolphin adakhala anzeru kwambiri. Nyamayi, yomwe imadziwika kuti ili ndi luntha lanyama, imasiyanitsa lamuloli.

Pakafukufuku wamaganizidwe anyama, adayesedwanso ngati ali ndi kuthekera kolingalira kapena ayi. O kulingalira Ikhoza kutanthauzidwa ngati kukhazikitsa ubale pakati pa malingaliro kapena malingaliro osiyanasiyana kuti mumve mfundo kapena kupanga chigamulo. Kutengera ndikulongosola kwa lingaliro ili, titha kuganiza kuti nyama zimaganizira, monga taonera kale kuti ena mwa iwo amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu kuthana ndi vuto lomwe limakhalapo osayesa kuyesa kapena kulakwitsa.

Kodi nyama amaganiza?

Zambiri zawululidwa pakadali pano amakulolani kuvomereza kuti nyama zimaganizira. Ponena zakumverera, ndizothekanso kupeza umboni. Choyamba, ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa pakati pakumva kupweteka kwakuthupi. Pachifukwa ichi, zidakhazikitsidwa kuti nyama zomwe machitidwe amanjenje amathanso kumva kupweteka mofananamo kwa anthu. Chifukwa chake, chitsanzo chabwino cha kutsutsanaku ndi ng'ombe zamabwalo amasewera chifukwa ndizotheka kuwona kupweteka.

Koma funso ndilakuti ngati akuvutika, ndiye kuti, kaya akukumana ndi Kuvutikazamaganizidwe. kuvutika nkhawa. Kukhumudwa komwe kwafotokozedwa mu nyama kapena kuti ena amafa atasiyidwa, ngakhale popanda chifukwa chakuthupi, zitsimikiziranso izi. Apanso, zotsatira zamaphunziro pankhaniyi ndi a funso loyenera ndipo ziyenera kutipangitsa kulingalira za momwe timachitira ndi nyama zina zonse padziko lapansi.

fufuzani zomwe iwo ali ufulu wa chisamaliro cha nyama ndi momwe amalumikizirana ndi kupsinjika mu PeritoZinyama.

Nzeru zanyama: zitsanzo

Kutha kwa anyani ena kulumikizana kudzera mu chinenero chamanja, kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamtunduwu, za cephalopods ndi mbalame, the Kuthetsa mavuto mochuluka kapena pang'ono, makoswe omwe amasiya kudya zakudya zomwe zimawononga anzawo kapena kugwiritsa ntchito akasupe otentha omwe amapangitsa anyani ku Japan, ndi zitsanzo zomwe zinagwiridwa ntchito mu kafukufuku wosatha womwe anthu amapanga kuti athetse funso loti kaya nyama amaganiza kapena osati.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri, mutha kuwerenga maphunziro a Desmond Morris, Jane Goodall, Dian Fossey, Konrad Lorenz, Nikolaas Timbergen, Frans de Waall, Karl Von Frisch, ndi ena.

Phunzirani zambiri za chiyambi ndi kusinthika kwa anyani m'nkhaniyi ya PeritoAnimal.