Zamkati
- Amphaka ali ndi maso akulu kuposa ife
- Amphaka amawona kasanu ndi katatu bwino
- Amphaka amawona zovuta kwambiri masana
- Amphaka samawona zakuda ndi zoyera
- Amphaka ali ndi gawo lowonera.
- Amphaka samayang'ana kwambiri
Maso a amphaka ndi ofanana ndi a anthu koma kusinthika kwapangitsa kuti maso awo azionetsetsa kuti nyama zakutchire, zolusa mwachilengedwe. Monga alenje abwino, amphaka ayenera kumvetsetsa mayendedwe azinthu zowazungulira pakakhala kuwala pang'ono ndipo sikofunikira kuti azitha kusiyanitsa mitundu yambiri kuti apulumuke, komabe sizowona kuti amangowona zakuda ndi zoyera zokha. M'malo mwake, amawona zoyipa kuposa ife zikafika pongoyang'ana zinthu pafupi, komabe, ali ndi gawo lowonera patali kwambiri ndipo amatha kuwona mumdima.
ngati mukufuna kudziwa amphaka amawona bwanji, pitirizani kuwerenga nkhani iyi ya PeritoAnimal pomwe tidzakusonyezani mfundo zina zofunika kuziganizira mukamadziwa momwe amphaka amawonera.
Amphaka ali ndi maso akulu kuposa ife
Kuti timvetse bwino momwe amphaka amawonera, tiyenera kunena za katswiri wamphaka komanso wasayansi waku University of Bristol a John Bradshaw, omwe amati maso amphaka ndi akulu kuposa amunthu. chifukwa cha chilengedwe chake.
Chowona kuti omwe adalipo kale amphaka (amphaka amtchire) adafunikira kusaka kuti azitha kudyetsa ndikuchulukitsa ntchitoyi kwa maola ochulukirapo patsiku, zidapangitsa kuti maso awo asinthe ndikuwonjezeka kukula, kuwapangitsa kukhala akulu kuposa omwe anthu, kuphatikiza pakupezeka kutsogolo kwa mutu (masomphenya a binocular) kuti aphatikize gawo lalikulu lamasomphenya monga odyetsa abwino omwe ali. amphaka maso ndi zazikulu kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mitu yawo ngati tiziyerekeza ndi kuchuluka kwathu.
Amphaka amawona kasanu ndi katatu bwino
Chifukwa chakufunika kutalikitsa nthawi yosaka amphaka amtchire usiku, omwe adalipo kale amphaka apakhomo adapanga masomphenya ausiku pakati pa 6 mpaka 8 kuposa anthu. Amatha kuwona bwino ngakhale pang'ono kwambiri ndipo izi ndichifukwa choti ali ndi ma photoreceptor ochulukirapo mu diso.
Kuphatikiza apo, amphaka ali ndi otchedwa tapetum lucidum, ndi minofu yovuta ya maso yomwe imanyezimiritsa kuwala atatha kuyamwa kwambiri komanso asanafike ku diso, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala ndi masomphenya akuthwa mumdima ndi maso awo kuti awone mdima. Ndiye tikamajambula usiku, amphaka amawala. Chifukwa chake, kuchepa komwe kulipo, amphaka amawona bwino poyerekeza ndi anthu, koma komano, azimayi amawoneka oyipa masana chifukwa cha tapetum lucidum ndi maselo a photoreceptor, omwe amachititsa kuti masomphenya anu akhale ochepa potengera kuwala kochuluka masana.
Amphaka amawona zovuta kwambiri masana
Monga tanena kale, ma cell a receptor ofunikira omwe amawonetsa amphaka ndi osiyana ndi athu. Ngakhale amphaka komanso anthu amagawana mtundu umodzi wa ma photoreceptor, ma kondomu osiyanitsa mitundu yowala kwambiri ndi ndodo zowonera zakuda ndi zoyera mdima wochepa, izi sizigawidwa mofananamo: pomwe m'maso mwathu ma cones amalamulira, pamaso pa amphaka amalamulira ndodozo. Osatinso izi, ndodo izi sizimalumikizana mwachindunji ndi mitsempha ya ocular ndipo chifukwa chake, molunjika ndi ubongo monga mwa anthu, amalumikizana koyamba wina ndi mnzake ndikupanga timagulu tating'onoting'ono tamaselo a photoreceptor. Mwanjira yoti masomphenya a amphaka usiku ndi abwino kwambiri kuyerekeza ndi athu, koma masana zinthu zimachitika ndipo amphaka ndi omwe ali ndi vuto lowonera komanso locheperako, chifukwa maso awo samatumiza kuubongo, kudzera mu mitsempha Ocular, mudziwe zambiri zokhudza maselo omwe ayenera kuchita zambiri.
Amphaka samawona zakuda ndi zoyera
M'mbuyomu, amakhulupirira kuti amphaka amangowona zakuda ndi zoyera, koma nthano iyi ndi mbiriyakale, popeza kafukufuku wambiri awonetsa kuti amphaka amatha kusiyanitsa mitundu ina pang'ono komanso kutengera kuwala kozungulira.
Monga tanenera kale, maselo a photoreceptor omwe amayang'anira kuzindikira mitundu ndi ma cones. Anthu ali ndi mitundu itatu ya ma cones omwe amatenga kuwala kofiira, kobiriwira komanso kwamtambo; Komano, amphaka amangokhala ndi ma cones omwe amatenga kuwala kobiriwira komanso kwamtambo. Chifukwa chake, amatha kuwona mitundu yozizira ndikusiyanitsa mitundu ina yofunda ngati chikasu koma osawona utoto wofiyira womwe pakuwona uku ukuwona kuti ndi wakuda. Sathanso kuwona mitundu yowoneka bwino komanso yodzaza ndi anthu, koma amawona mitundu ina ngati agalu.
Chomwe chimakhudzanso masomphenya a amphaka ndi chopepuka, china chake chomwe chimapangitsa kuti kuchepa kulipo, maso amphaka ochepa amatha kusiyanitsa mitundu, ndichifukwa chake fining mumangowona mdima ndi zoyera mumdima.
Amphaka ali ndi gawo lowonera.
Malinga ndi wojambula komanso wofufuza a Nickolay Lamn aku University of Pennsylvania, omwe adachita kafukufuku wamasamba a feline mothandizidwa ndi akatswiri azachipatala achikazi ndi amphaka, amphaka khalani ndi gawo lalikulu lamasomphenya kuposa anthu.
Amphaka ali ndi mawonekedwe a 200-degree, pomwe anthu ali ndi mawonekedwe a 180-degree, ndipo ngakhale akuwoneka ochepa, ndi nambala yochuluka poyerekeza mitundu yowonera, mwachitsanzo, pazithunzizi za Nickolay Lamn pomwe pamwambapa zomwe munthu amawona ndipo pansi zimawonetsa zomwe mphaka amawona.
Amphaka samayang'ana kwambiri
Pomaliza, kuti timvetse bwino momwe amphaka amawonera, tiyenera kuzindikira kuwongola kwa zomwe amawona. Anthu amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino akamayang'ana kwambiri zinthu zomwe zili pafupi chifukwa mawonekedwe athu oyang'ana mbali iliyonse amakhala ochepa kuposa amphaka (20 ° poyerekeza ndi 30 °). Ndiye chifukwa chake anthufe timatha kuyang'ana kwambiri mpaka mtunda wamamita 30 ndipo amphaka amafika pamtunda wa 6 mita kuti awone zinthuzo bwino. Izi zikuchitikanso chifukwa chokhala ndi maso akulu komanso kukhala ndi minofu ya nkhope yocheperako kuposa ife. Komabe, kusowa kwa masomphenya ozungulira kumawapatsa kuya kwakukula kwamunda, chinthu chomwe ndichofunikira kwambiri kwa nyama yolusa.
Muzithunzizi tikuwonetsani kufananiza kwina ndi wofufuza Nickolay Lamn za m'mene timaonera pafupi (chithunzi chapamwamba) ndi amphaka amawona (chithunzi chapansi).
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa amphaka, werengani nkhani yathu pokumbukira!
