Zamkati
- Zonse za udzudzu wa Aedes aegypti
- Khalidwe ndi mawonekedwe a Aedes aegypti
- Moyo wa Aedes aegypti
- Matenda opatsirana ndi Aedes aegypti
- Dengue
- Chikungunya
- Zika
- Malungo achikasu
- Kulimbana ndi Aedes aegypti
Chaka chilichonse, nthawi yotentha, ndimofanana: mgwirizano wa kutentha kwambiri ndi mvula yambiri ndi mnzake wothandizirana pakufalitsa udzudzu wopatsa mwayi womwe, mwatsoka, umadziwika bwino ku Brazil: Aedes aegypti.
Wotchuka kuti udzudzu wa dengue, chowonadi ndichakuti imafalitsanso matenda ena, chifukwa chake, ndi chandamale chamakampeni aboma ambiri komanso njira zodzitetezera pakulera kwake. Munkhaniyi ndi PeritoAnimal, tikufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane matenda opatsirana mwa Aedes aegypti, komanso tiwonetsa mawonekedwe ndi zina zosangalatsa za kachilombo kameneka. Kuwerenga bwino!
Zonse za udzudzu wa Aedes aegypti
Kubwera kuchokera ku Africa, makamaka ku Egypt, ndiye dzina lake, udzudzu Aedes aegypti amapezeka padziko lonse lapansi, koma makamaka mu maiko otentha ndi madera otentha.
Ndi makamaka zizolowezi zamasana, Amachitanso zinthu zochepa usiku. Ndi udzudzu wopeza mwayi womwe umakhala m'malo omwe anthu amapitako, kaya nyumba, nyumba kapena malo ogulitsa, komwe imatha kudyetsa ndi kuyikira mazira ake m'madzi ochepa, monga ogona mumabakete, mabotolo ndi matayala.
Pa udzudzu umadya magazi zaumunthu ndipo, chifukwa cha izi, nthawi zambiri amaluma mapazi, akakolo ndi miyendo ya ozunzidwa, chifukwa zimauluka pang'ono. Popeza malovu awo ali ndi mankhwala otsekemera, izi zimatipangitsa kuti tisamve kuwawa ndi mbola.
Pa mvula ndi kutentha kwambiri kondwerani kubalana udzudzu. Munkhaniyi tiona mwatsatanetsatane za moyo wa Aedes aegypti koma, choyamba, onani zina mwa tizilombo:
Khalidwe ndi mawonekedwe a Aedes aegypti
- Njira zosakwana 1 sentimita
- Ndi yakuda kapena yofiirira ndipo imakhala ndi mawanga oyera m'thupi ndi m'miyendo
- Nthawi yake yotanganidwa kwambiri ndi m'mawa komanso madzulo
- Udzudzu umapewa dzuwa
- Sichimatulutsa phokoso lomwe timamva
- Mbola yanu nthawi zambiri siyimapweteka ndipo imayambitsa kuyabwa pang'ono kapena ayi.
- Amadyetsa zitsamba ndi magazi
- Amayi okhaokha amaluma chifukwa amafunikira magazi kuti apange mazira pambuyo pa umuna
- Udzudzuwo unali utachotsedwa kale ku Brazil, mu 1958. Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, unabwezeretsedwanso m'dzikolo
- dzira la Aedes aegypti ndi yaying'ono kwambiri, yocheperako kuposa mchenga
- Zazimayi zimatha kuikira mazira mpaka 500 ndikuluma anthu 300 m'moyo wawo
- Nthawi yayitali ndi masiku 30, kufikira 45
- Amayi amakhala pachiwopsezo cholumidwa chifukwa cha zovala zomwe zimawulula thupi kwambiri, monga madiresi
- mphutsi za Aedes aegypti Ndi malo owoneka bwino, otentha, amdima komanso amdima amakonda
Muthanso kukhala ndi chidwi ndi nkhani ina iyi ya PeritoAnimal pomwe timakambirana za tizilombo toopsa kwambiri ku Brazil.
Moyo wa Aedes aegypti
moyo wa Aedes aegypti zimasiyanasiyana kwambiri ndipo zimadalira zinthu monga kutentha, kuchuluka kwa mphutsi pamalo omwewo oswana komanso, kupezeka kwa chakudya. O udzudzu umakhala masiku 30, kukhala wokhoza kufikira masiku 45 amoyo.
Nthawi zambiri wamkazi amaikira mazira mkatikati mwa zinthu, pafupi pamalo oyera madzi, monga zitini, matayala, ngalande ndi matanki amadzi osavundukuka, koma amathanso kuchitika muzakudya pansi pazomera zoumbidwa ndi malo oberekera achilengedwe monga mabowo amitengo, bromeliads ndi nsungwi.
Poyamba mazirawo amakhala oyera ndipo posakhalitsa amakhala akuda komanso owala. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mazira sayikidwa m'madzi, koma mamilimita pamwamba pake, makamaka m'makontena. Kenako, mvula ikamagwa komanso madzi am'malo muno amatuluka, amakumana ndi mazira omwe amatuluka m'mphindi zochepa. Asanafike pa mawonekedwe a udzudzu, Aedes aegypti imadutsa magawo anayi:
- Dzira
- Mphutsi
- Pupa
- mawonekedwe akuluakulu
Malinga ndi Fiocruz Foundation, bungwe la sayansi ndi ukadaulo pankhani zaumoyo yolumikizidwa ndi Unduna wa Zaumoyo, pakati pa magawo azira mpaka mawonekedwe achikulire, ndikofunikira Masiku 7 mpaka 10 m'malo oteteza udzudzu. Ndiye chifukwa chake, kupewa matenda opatsirana kudzera Aedes aegypti, kuchotsa malo oberekera ayenera kuchitika sabata iliyonse, ndi cholinga chododometsa moyo wa udzudzu.
Matenda opatsirana ndi Aedes aegypti
Mwa matenda opatsirana ndi Aedes aegypti iwo ndi dengue, chikungunya, Zika ndi yellow fever. Mwachitsanzo, ngati amayi atenga kachilombo ka dengue (kudzera mwa kuluma kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka), pali kuthekera kwakukulu kuti mphutsi zake zibadwe ndi kachilomboka, zomwe zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa matenda. Ndipo udzudzu ukakhala ndi kachilombo, kamakhala nthawi zonse imakhala yonyamula kufalitsa kachilomboka. Ndicho chifukwa chake kuli kofunika kuchita nawo nkhondo yolimbana ndi Aedes aegypti. Tsopano tikupereka matenda aliwonse omwe tawatchulawa:
Dengue
Dengue ndiwodziwika bwino pakati pa matenda opatsirana ndi Aedes aegypti. Zina mwazizindikiro za dengue wakale ndi malungo masiku awiri kapena asanu ndi awiri, kusanza, kupweteka kwa minofu ndi mafupa, photophobia, khungu loyabwa, zilonda zapakhosi, mutu ndi mawanga ofiira.
Mu dengue hemorrhagic fever, yomwe imatha kubweretsa imfa, chiwindi chimakulirakulira, kutuluka magazi makamaka m'kamwa ndi m'matumbo, kuwonjezera pakupangitsa magazi kuthamanga. Nthawi yokwanira ndi masiku 5 mpaka 6 ndipo dengue imapezeka ndi mayeso a labotale (NS1, IGG ndi IGM serology).
Chikungunya
Chikunguya, monga dengue, imayambitsanso malungo, nthawi zambiri amapitilira madigiri 38.5, ndipo imayambitsa mutu, kupweteka m'minyewa ndi kumbuyo, conjunctivitis, kusanza ndi kuzizira. Kusokonezeka mosavuta ndi dengue, chomwe chimasiyanitsa chikungunya ndikumva kupweteka kwamalumikizidwe, komwe kumatha milungu ingapo kapena miyezi. Nthawi yosakaniza ndi masiku 2 mpaka 12.
Zika
Mwa matenda opatsirana ndi Aedes aegypti, Zika zimayambitsa zizindikiro zofatsa kwambiri. Izi zimaphatikizapo kutentha thupi, kupweteka mutu, kusanza, kupweteka m'mimba, kutsekula m'mimba, kupweteka kwamagulu komanso kutupa. Zika imakhudzana ndi matenda a microcephaly m'makhanda obadwa kumene ndi zovuta zina zamitsempha, chifukwa chake muyenera kuyisamalira ngakhale pali zovuta zina. Zizindikiro zimatha masiku atatu mpaka 7 ndipo nthawi yawo yosungunuka ndi masiku 3 mpaka 12. Palibe zoyeserera za labotale za Zika kapena chikungunya. Chifukwa chake, zimachitika potengera kuwunika kwa matenda azachipatala komanso mbiri ya wodwalayo, ngati amapita kumadera ovuta kapena ngati amalumikizana ndi anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikilo.
Malungo achikasu
Zizindikiro zazikulu za yellow fever ndi malungo, kupweteka m'mimba, malaise, kupweteka m'mimba ndi kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi, zomwe zimatha kusintha khungu kukhala lachikaso. Pali milandu isanachitike yokhudza kutentha thupi. Chithandizo cha matendawa nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi kupumula, kuthirira madzi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kuti muchepetse zizindikilo.
Kulimbana ndi Aedes aegypti
Malinga ndi Unduna wa Zaumoyo, anthu 754 amwalira ndi dengue ku Brazil ku 2019, ndipo oposa 1.5 miliyoni adadwala. O kulimbana ndi Aedes aegypti zimatengera zochita za tonsefe.
Nazi zina zomwe zingachitike, zonse zikuwonetsedwa ndi National Supplementary Health Agency (ANS):
- Gwiritsani ntchito zowonekera pazenera ndi zitseko ngati zingatheke
- Phimbani migolo ndi akasinja amadzi
- Nthawi zonse siyani mabotolo mozondoka
- Siyani ngalande zoyera
- Sabata iliyonse yeretsani kapena mudzaze mbale zadothi ndi mchenga
- Chotsani madzi omwe amapezeka mderalo
- Sungani zitini zonyamula bwino
- Samalani ma bromeliads, aloye ndi zomera zina zomwe zimasonkhanitsa madzi
- Siyani matepi ogwiritsira ntchito pokwaniritsa zolinga bwino kuti asapange madontho amadzi
- Nenani zakufa kwa udzudzu kwa azaumoyo
Nkhaniyi ndi yongofuna kudziwa zambiri, ku PeritoAnimal.com.br sitingathe kupereka chithandizo chamankhwala kapena mtundu uliwonse wa matenda. Tikukulangizani kuti mupite ndi chiweto chanu kuchipatala ngati chili ndi vuto lililonse.
Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga zina zambiri zofanana ndi Matenda opatsirana ndi Aedes aegypti, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulowe mu gawo lathu la matenda a kachilombo.