Zamkati
- ng'ombe kuluma
- Kubadwa kwa American Pit Bull Terrier
- Kukula kwa American Pit Bull ku USA
- American Pit Bull Terrier Standardization
- American Pit Bull Terrier: The Nanny Galu
- American Pit Bull Terrier pankhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse
- Kodi pali mipikisano ya pit bull?
- American Pit Bull Terrier pankhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse
- American Pit Bull Terrier Masiku Ano
American Pit Bull Terrier nthawi zonse yakhala malo apakati pamasewera wamagazi okhudzana ndi agalu ndipo, kwa anthu ena, iyi ndi galu woyenera pantchitoyi, yomwe imaganiza kuti ndi 100% yogwira ntchito. Muyenera kudziwa kuti dziko la agalu omenyera ndi njira yovuta komanso yovuta kwambiri. Ngakhale "ng'ombe kuluma"adadziwika m'zaka za zana la 18, kuletsa masewera amwazi mu 1835 kunayambitsa kumenyera agalu chifukwa mu" masewera "atsopanowa malo ochepa amafunikira. mtanda watsopano unabadwa ya Bulldog ndi Terrier yomwe idayambitsa nyengo yatsopano ku England, pankhani yakumenya agalu.
Masiku ano, Pit Bull ndi amodzi mwamitundu yotchuka kwambiri padziko lapansi, kaya ndi mbiri yake yopanda chilungamo ngati "galu wowopsa" kapena wokhulupirika. Ngakhale adalandira mbiri yoyipa, Pit Bull ndi galu wodalirika kwambiri wokhala ndi mikhalidwe ingapo. Chifukwa chake, m'nkhaniyi yolembedwa ndi Perito Animal, tikambirana mbiri ya American Pit Bull Terrier, yopereka zowona zenizeni, zamaluso potengera maphunziro ndi zowonetsedwa. Ngati ndinu wokonda mtunduwu nkhaniyi idzakusangalatsani. Pitilizani kuwerenga!
ng'ombe kuluma
Pakati pa zaka za 1816 mpaka 1860, kumenyanirana kunkachitika mkulu ku england, ngakhale idaletsa pakati pa 1832 ndi 1833, pomwe ng'ombe kuluma (ndewu zamphongo), the kunyamula poyesa (kuchita zankhondo), the makoswe akunyinyirika (kumenyera makoswe) ngakhalenso kumenya galu (kumenya galu). Kuphatikiza apo, ntchitoyi anafika ku United States cha m'ma 1850 ndi 1855, kutchuka kwakanthawi pakati pa anthu. Pofuna kuthetsa mchitidwewu, mu 1978 Society for the Prevention of Animal Cruelty (ASPCA) yoletsedwa mwalamulo kulimbana ndi agalu, koma ngakhale zinali choncho, m'ma 1880 ntchitoyi idapitilizabe kuchitika m'malo osiyanasiyana ku United States.
Pambuyo pake, apolisi pang'onopang'ono adasiya mchitidwewu, womwe udakhala mobisa kwa zaka zambiri. Ndizowona kuti ngakhale masiku ano kumenya agalu kukupitilira kuchitika mosaloledwa. Komabe, zonsezi zinayamba bwanji? Tiyeni tipite kumayambiriro kwa nkhani ya Pit Bull.
Kubadwa kwa American Pit Bull Terrier
Mbiri ya American Pit Bull Terrier ndi makolo ake, Bulldogs and Terriers, ndi nkhwangwa m'magazi. Ng'ombe Zakale Zamkati, "agalu akudzenje" kapena "ma bulldogs", anali agalu ochokera ku Ireland ndi England, ndipo pang'ono ndi pang'ono, ochokera ku Scotland.
Moyo m'zaka za zana la 18 udali wovuta, makamaka kwa osauka, omwe adavutika kwambiri ndi tizirombo tanyama monga makoswe, nkhandwe ndi mbira. Anali ndi agalu osafunikira chifukwa tikapanda kutero amatha kukumana ndi matenda komanso mavuto amadzi m'nyumba zawo. agalu amenewa anali zochititsa chidwi kwambiri, idasankhidwa mwazitsanzo zolimba kwambiri, zaluso kwambiri, komanso zokakamira. Masana, oyendetsa sitima ankalondera m'deralo pafupi ndi nyumba, koma usiku ankateteza minda ya mbatata ndi minda. Ayeneranso kupeza malo ogona kunja kwa nyumba zawo.
Pang'onopang'ono, Bulldog idayambitsidwa m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku wa anthu ndipo, kuchokera pakuwoloka pakati pa Bulldogs ndi Terrier, "ng'ombe & chotchingira", mtundu watsopano womwe unali ndi mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, monga moto, wakuda kapena brindle.
Agaluwa ankagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu odzichepetsa kwambiri monga zosangalatsa, kuwapangitsa kuti amenyane wina ndi mnzake. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1800, kunali kale mitanda ya Bulldogs ndi Terriers yomwe idamenya nkhondo ku Ireland ndi England, agalu akale omwe amawetedwa mdera la Cork ndi Derry ku Ireland. M'malo mwake, mbadwa zawo zimadziwika ndi dzina la "banja lakale"(Banja lakale). Kuphatikiza apo, mibadwo ina ya Chingerezi Pit Bull idabadwanso, monga" Murphy "," Waterford "," Killkinney "," Galt "," Semmes "," Colby "ndi" Ofrn ". Za banja lakale ndipo, ndi nthawi ndi kusankha m'chilengedwe, zidayamba kugawidwa m'mizere ina (kapena mitundu) yosiyana kotheratu.
Panthawi imeneyo, mbadwa sizinalembedwe ndipo adalembetsa moyenera, popeza anthu ambiri anali osaphunzira. Chifukwa chake, chizolowezi chofala chinali kuwakweza ndikuwapatsira kuchokera ku mibadwomibadwo, pomwe amatetezedwa mosamala kuti asasakanikirane ndi magazi ena. Agalu a m'banja lakale anali kutumizidwa ku United States cha m'ma 1850 ndi 1855, monga zinachitikira Charlie "Cockney" Lloyd.
Zina mwa zovuta zakale ndi: "Colby", "Semmes", "Corcoran", "Sutton", "Feeley" kapena "Lightner", womalizirayu ndi m'modzi mwa opanga odziwika bwino a Red Nose "Ofrn", omwe adasiya kupanga chifukwa nawonso Kukula kwake, kuphatikiza pakusakonda agalu ofiira kwathunthu.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 19, mtundu wa agalu udapeza zonse zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala galu wofunika kwambiri masiku ano: luso lamasewera, kulimba mtima komanso kucheza ndi anthu. Itafika ku United States, mitunduyo idasiyana pang'ono ndi agalu aku England ndi Ireland.
Kukula kwa American Pit Bull ku USA
Ku United States, agaluwa sanagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati agalu omenyera nkhondo, komanso agalu osaka, kutulutsa nguluwe ndi ng'ombe zakutchire, komanso ngati osamalira banja. Chifukwa cha izi zonse, obereketsa adayamba kupanga agalu ataliatali komanso okulirapo pang'ono.
Kulemera kwake, komabe, sikunali kofunikira kwenikweni. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ana agalu ochokera kubanja lakale m'zaka za zana la 19 ku Ireland samapitilira makilogalamu 11.3. Komanso amene anali achilendo anali amene anali olemera makilogalamu 6.8. M'mabuku amtundu waku America koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 19, sizinali zachilendo kupeza mtundu wopitilira makilogalamu 22.6, ngakhale panali zina.
Kuyambira chaka cha 1900 mpaka 1975, pafupifupi, pang'ono ndi pang'ono pang'ono kuonjezera kulemera kwapakati APBT idayamba kuwonedwa, popanda kutayika kofananira kwa magwiridwe antchito. Pakadali pano, American Pit Bull Terrier sagwiranso ntchito zikhalidwe monga kumenya agalu, popeza kuyesa magwiridwe antchito ndi mpikisano pomenya nkhondo zimawerengedwa kuti ndi milandu yayikulu m'maiko ambiri.
Ngakhale kusintha kwamachitidwe, monga kuvomereza agalu okulirapo komanso olemera, munthu amatha kuwona a kupitilira modabwitsa mu mtunduwu kwa zaka zopitirira zana. Zithunzi zosungidwa zaka 100 zapitazo zomwe zikuwonetsa agalu owonetsa sizodziwika ndi zomwe zidapangidwa lero. Ngakhale, monganso mitundu yonse yochitira, ndizotheka kuwona kusiyanasiyana kwa kufanana (phenchype) mu phenotype pamizere yosiyanasiyana. Tidawona zithunzi za agalu akumenyera mzaka za 1860 omwe amalankhula za phenotypic (ndikuwunika malongosoledwe amakono omenyera nkhondo) ofanana ndi APBTs amakono.
American Pit Bull Terrier Standardization
Agaluwa amadziwika ndi mayina osiyanasiyana, monga "Pit Terrier", "Pit Bull Terriers", "Staffordshire Ighting Agalu", "Agalu Akale Amabanja" (dzina lake ku Ireland), "Yankee Terrier" (dzina lakumpoto ) ndi "Rebel Terrier" (dzina lakumwera), kungotchulapo ochepa.
Mu 1898, bambo wotchedwa Chauncy Bennet adapanga Mgwirizano wa United Kennel (UKC), ndi cholinga chokha kulembetsa "Pit Bull Terriers", popeza kuti American Kennel Club (AKC) sinkafuna kuchita nawo chilichonse chifukwa chakuwasankha kwawo komanso kutenga nawo mbali pomenya nkhondo ndi agalu. Poyambirira, ndiye amene adawonjezera mawu oti "American" pa dzinalo ndikuchotsa "Dzenje". Izi sizinasangalatse onse okonda mtunduwo ndipo chifukwa chake mawu oti "Dzenje" adawonjezedwa padzina, monga mgwirizano. Pomaliza, zolembera zidachotsedwa pafupifupi zaka 15 zapitazo. Mitundu ina yonse yolembetsedwa ku UKC idalandiridwa pambuyo pa APBT.
Zolemba zina za APBT zimapezeka pa Bungwe la American Dog Breeder Association (ADBA), inayamba mu September 1909 ndi Guy McCord, mnzake wapamtima wa John P. Colby. Lero, motsogozedwa ndi banja la Greenwood, ADBA ikupitilizabe kulembetsa American Pit Bull Terrier yokha ndipo ikugwirizana ndi mtunduwo kuposa UKC.
Muyenera kudziwa kuti ADBA ndiwothandizirana ndi ziwonetsero koma, koposa zonse, imathandizira mipikisano yokoka, ndikuwunika kupirira kwa agalu. Imasindikizanso magazini ya kotala itatu yoperekedwa ku APBT, yotchedwa "Nyuzipepala ya American Pit Bull Terrier Gazette". ADBA imawerengedwa kuti ndi mbiri ya Pit Bull chifukwa ndi feduro lomwe limayesetsa kwambiri kukhalabe chitsanzo choyambirira za mpikisanowu.
American Pit Bull Terrier: The Nanny Galu
Mu 1936, chifukwa cha "Pete galu" mu "Os Batutinhas", yomwe idazindikiritsa omvera ambiri ndi American Pit Bull Terrier, AKC idalembetsa mtunduwo ngati "Staffordshire Terrier". Dzinalo lidasinthidwa kukhala American Staffordshire Terrier (AST) mu 1972 kuti lilekanitse ndi abale ake apafupi komanso ang'ono, Staffordshire Bull Terrier. Mu 1936, mtundu wa "Pit Bull" wa AKC, UKC, ndi ADBA anali ofanana, popeza agalu oyamba a AKC adapangidwa kuchokera ku UKC ndi agalu omenyera olembetsedwa ndi ADBA.
Munthawi imeneyi, komanso m'zaka zotsatira, APBT inali galu. wokondedwa kwambiri komanso wotchuka mu U.S, kuwonedwa ngati galu woyenera m'mabanja chifukwa cha chikondi komanso kulekerera ana. Ndipamene Pit Bull adawoneka ngati galu woyamwitsa. Ana aang'ono a m'badwo wa "Os Batutinhas" amafuna mnzake ngati Pit Bull Pete.
American Pit Bull Terrier pankhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse
Nthawi ya Nkhondo Yoyamba Padziko Lonse, panali chikwangwani chofalitsa nkhani zaku America chakuyimira mayiko otsutsana aku Europe ndi agalu awo amtundu atavala yunifolomu yankhondo. Pakatikati, galu woyimira United States anali APBT, akunena pansipa: "Sindilowerera ndale koma sindikuwopa aliyense wa iwo.’
Kodi pali mipikisano ya pit bull?
Kuyambira 1963, chifukwa cha zolinga zosiyanasiyana pakupanga ndikukula kwake, American Staffordshire Terrier (AST) ndi American Pit Bull Terrier (APBT) kusiyanitsidwa, onse mu phenotype ndi chikhalidwe, ngakhale onsewa akupitilizabe kukhala ndiubwenzi wofanana. Pambuyo pazaka 60 zoswana ndi zolinga zosiyana, agalu awiriwa tsopano ndi mitundu yosiyana kwambiri. Komabe, anthu ena amakonda kuwawona ngati mitundu iwiri yosiyana ya mtundu umodzi, imodzi yantchito ndi ina yowonetsera. Mwanjira iliyonse, phokosolo likupitilizabe kukulira momwe oweta amitundu onsewo amaganizira zosatheka kuwoloka awiriwa.
Kwa diso losayenerera, AST imatha kuwoneka yayikulu komanso yochititsa mantha, chifukwa cha mutu wake waukulu, wolimba, minofu ya nsagwada yotukuka bwino, chifuwa chokulirapo, ndi khosi lakuda. Komabe, ambiri, alibe chochita ndi masewera ngati APBT.
Chifukwa chokhazikika pamapangidwe ake pazowonetsera, AST imakonda kukhala osankhidwa ndi mawonekedwe ake osati chifukwa cha magwiridwe ake, pamlingo waukulu kwambiri kuposa APBT. Tinawona kuti Pit Bull ili ndi mitundu yochulukirapo ya phenotypic, popeza cholinga chachikulu cha kuswana kwake, mpaka posachedwa, sikunali kupeza galu wokhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera, koma galu kuti amenyane nawo pankhondo, kusiya kusaka kwa ena mawonekedwe akuthupi.
Mitundu ina ya APBT siyodziwika bwino ndi AST, komabe, nthawi zambiri amakhala ocheperako, okhala ndi miyendo yayitali komanso kulemera kopepuka, china chake chodziwika bwino pamapazi. Momwemonso, amawonetsa kulimba, kuthamanga, kuthamanga komanso mphamvu zophulika.
American Pit Bull Terrier pankhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse
Nthawi komanso pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, ndipo mpaka kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 80, APBT idasowa. Komabe, panali ena opembedza omwe amadziwa mtunduwu mpaka zazing'ono kwambiri ndipo amadziwa zambiri za makolo a agalu awo, kutha kuwerengera mibadwo mibadwo isanu ndi umodzi kapena isanu ndi itatu.
American Pit Bull Terrier Masiku Ano
APBT itayamba kutchuka ndi anthu pafupifupi 1980, anthu odziwika omwe sanadziwe mtundu uliwonse adayamba kukhala nawo ndikuwabweretsa ndipo, monga amayembekezeredwa, kuchokera kumeneko. mavuto adayamba kuchitika. Ambiri mwa obwera kumenewa sanatsatire zolinga zoweta za omwe kale anali obereketsa APBT, motero adayamba kuchita "kumbuyo" kwawo, komwe adayamba kuswana agalu mwachisawawa kuti misa kwezani ana agalu kuti amaonedwa kuti ndi katundu wopindulitsa, osadziwa kapena kulamulira, m'nyumba zawo.
Koma choyipitsitsa sichinachitike, adayamba kusankha agalu okhala ndi njira zotsutsana ndi omwe adalipo mpaka pamenepo. Kuswana kwa agalu omwe adawonetsa a chizolowezi chochita ndewu kwa anthu. Pasanapite nthawi, agalu omwe sanaloledwe kukhala agalu amawetedwa, Pit Bulls amakwiya motsutsana ndi anthu pamsika wambiri.
Izi, kuphatikiza kusavuta kwa njira zopitilira muyeso ndi chidwi, zidapangitsa media media yolimbana ndi pit bull, chinachake chomwe chikupitirira lero. Mosakayikira, makamaka zikafika pamtundu uwu, oweta "kumbuyo" osadziwa kapena kudziwa mtunduwo ayenera kupewedwa, chifukwa mavuto azaumoyo ndi machitidwe nthawi zambiri amawonekera.
Ngakhale kuyambitsa njira zina zoswana bwino pazaka 15 zapitazi, ambiri a APBT akadali ochezeka kwambiri. American Canine Temperament Testing Association, yomwe imathandizira kuyesedwa kwa agalu, yatsimikizira kuti 95% ya APBTs onse omwe adachita mayeso amaliza bwino, poyerekeza ndi kuchuluka kwa mayeso a 77% kwa ena onse. Mafuko, pafupifupi. Mtengo wopitilira APBT unali wachinayi wapamwamba kwambiri pamitundu yonse yosanthula.
Masiku ano, APBT imagwiritsidwabe ntchito pankhondo zosaloledwa, kaŵirikaŵiri ku United States ndi South America.Kumenya ndewu kumachitika m'maiko ena kumene kulibe malamulo kapena kumene malamulo sakugwiritsiridwa ntchito. Komabe, ambiri a APBT, ngakhale mkati mwazitsulo za obereketsa omwe amawaberekera kuti amenyane, sanawonepo kanthu kalikonse. M'malo mwake, ndi agalu anzawo, okonda mokhulupirika, komanso ziweto zapakhomo.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zatchuka kwambiri pakati pa mafani a APBT ndi mpikisano wokoka. O kukoka zolemera amakhalabe ndi mzimu wopikisana wapadziko lapansi womenya nkhondo, koma wopanda magazi kapena kupweteka. APBT ndi mtundu womwe umachita bwino pamipikisano iyi, pomwe kukana kusiya ndikofunikira monga mphamvu zopanda nzeru. Pakadali pano, APBT imagwira zolemba zapadziko lonse m'magulu osiyanasiyana olemera.
Zochita zina zomwe APBT ndiyabwino ndimipikisano ya Agility, pomwe kuyesayesa kwanu ndi kutsimikiza kwanu kuyamikiridwa kwambiri. APBT ina idaphunzitsidwa ndikuchita bwino pamasewera a Schutzhund, masewera a canine omwe adapangidwa ku Germany kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1990.
Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga zina zambiri zofanana ndi Mbiri ya American Pit Bull Terrier, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulowe mu gawo lathu la Curiosities la nyama.