Zamkati
- buluzi wamikanda
- Gila Chilombo
- Guatemalan beaded buluzi
- Chinjoka cha Komodo
- Savannah Varano
- Goanna
- Mitchell-Water Monitor
- Kuwunika-Argus
- Buluzi wamiyala yaminga
- Buluzi wosazindikira (Lanthanotus borneensis)
- Mafinya a abuluzi amtundu wa Heloderma
- Ululu wa abuluzi a Varanus
- Buluzi amaonedwa kuti ndi woopsa
Buluzi ndi gulu la nyama zomwe zakhala nazo mitundu yoposa 5,000 yodziwika padziko lonse lapansi. Amawerengedwa kuti ndiopambana chifukwa cha kusiyanasiyana kwawo, koma adakwanitsanso kukhala ndi chilengedwe chonse padziko lonse lapansi. Ndi gulu lokhala ndi kusiyanasiyana kwamkati mwa morphology, kubereka, kudyetsa ndi machitidwe.
Mitundu yambiri imapezeka m'malo amtchire, pomwe ina imakhala m'matawuni kapena pafupi nawo ndipo, chifukwa chakuti ili pafupi ndi anthu, nthawi zambiri pamakhala nkhawa kuti ndi iti. abuluzi owopsa zitha kuwopseza anthu.
Kwa nthawi yayitali kumaganiziridwa kuti mitundu ya abuluzi yomwe inali ndi poizoni inali yochepa kwambiri, komabe, kafukufuku waposachedwa awonetsa mitundu yambiri kuposa momwe amakhulupirira poyamba kuti imatha kupanga mankhwala owopsa. Ngakhale ambiri alibe zida zamankhwala zodzikonzera poizoni, zimatha kulowa m'magazi a wovulalayo limodzi ndi malovu mano atalumidwa.
Chifukwa chake, m'nkhaniyi yolembedwa ndi Perito Zinyama tikambirana Abuluzi owopsa - mitundu ndi zithunzi, kotero mumadziwa kuwazindikira. Monga momwe muwonera, abuluzi ambiri owopsa ndi amtundu wa Heloderma ndi Varanus.
buluzi wamikanda
Buluzi wometa (Chidwi) ndi mtundu wa buluzi yemwe akuwopsezedwa ndi zipsinjo zomwe anthu ake amalandira kudzera pakusaka mosasankha, potengera chilengedwe chake chakupha, komanso ndi malonda osavomerezeka, chifukwa mankhwala ndi aphrodisiac amadziwika kuti ndi ake ndipo, nthawi zambiri, pali anthu omwe amasunga buluziyu ngati chiweto.
Amadziwika poyesa pafupifupi masentimita 40, kukhala wolimba, wokhala ndi mutu ndi thupi lalikulu, koma ndi mchira wawufupi. Mtundu umasiyanasiyana pathupi, kukhala bulauni wonyezimira mpaka wakuda ndikuphatikizika pakati wakuda ndi wachikaso. Zapezeka makamaka ku Mexico, m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Pacific.
Gila Chilombo
Gila Monster kapena Kukayikira kwa Heloderma amakhala m'malo ouma kumpoto kwa Mexico ndi kumwera kwa United States. Imakhala pafupifupi masentimita 60, kukhala ndi thupi lolemera kwambiri, lomwe limachepetsa mayendedwe ake, motero limayenda pang'onopang'ono. Miyendo yake ndi yaifupi, ngakhale ili nayo zikhadabo zamphamvu. Mitundu yake imatha kukhala ndi pinki, wachikaso, kapena yoyera pamiyeso yakuda kapena yofiirira.
Ndi nyama yodya nyama, yomwe imadya makoswe, mbalame zazing'ono, tizilombo, achule ndi mazira, pakati pa ena. Ndi mtundu wotetezedwa, monga umapezekanso mu Chiwopsezo.
Guatemalan beaded buluzi
Lizard wa ku Guatemalan (Heloderma charlesbogerti) é mbadwa ya guatemala, okhala m'nkhalango zowuma. Anthu ake amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kuwonongeka kwa malo okhala ndi malonda osavomerezeka a mitunduyo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti izikhala ngozi yowonongeka yayikulu.
Amadyetsa makamaka mazira ndi tizilombo, pokhala ndi zizoloŵezi zazing'ono. Mtundu wa thupi la ichi buluzi wakupha ndi yakuda ndimadontho achikaso osasinthasintha.
Chinjoka cha Komodo
Choopsa cha Komodo Dragon (Varanus komodoensis) é Ku Indonesia kuli anthu ambiri ndipo amatha kutalika kwa mita 3 ndikulemera pafupifupi 70 kg. Kwa nthawi yayitali kumaganiziridwa kuti ichi, chimodzi mwa abuluzi akulu kwambiri padziko lapansi, sichinali chakupha, koma chifukwa chosakanikirana ndi mabakiteriya omwe amakhala m'malovu ake, akamaluma munthuyo, adayimitsa chilondacho ndi malovu omwe amathera kuchititsa sepsis mu nyama. Komabe, kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti amatha kupanga poyizoni, kuchititsa zotsatira zofunika kwa ozunzidwa.
Abuluzi akupha awa osaka nyama okangalika, ngakhale amathanso kudya nyama yakufa. Akangoluma nyamayo, amadikirira kuti poyizoni agwire ntchito ndipo nyamayo igwe, kenako kuyamba kung'amba ndikudya.
Chinjoka cha Komodo chaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wofiira wa mitundu ya nyama yomwe ili pangozi, choncho, njira zodzitetezera zidakhazikitsidwa.
Savannah Varano
Zina mwa abuluzi oopsa ndi Varano-das-savannas (Varanus exanthematicus) kapena Varano-Terrestrial-African. Ili ndi thupi lakuda, monganso khungu lake, momwe amalumikizidwira ndi nyama zina zapoizoni. amatha kuyeza mpaka 1.5 mita ndipo mutu wake ndi wotakasuka, wokhala ndi khosi ndi mchira wopapatiza.
akuchokera ku Africa, komabe, adayambitsidwa ku Mexico ndi ku United States. Amadyetsa makamaka akangaude, tizilombo, zinkhanira, komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Goanna
Goanna (varanus varius) ndi mtundu wa arboreal Ku Australia kuli konse. Imakhala m'nkhalango zowirira, momwe imatha kuyendamo. Ndi yayikulu, yopitilira kupitirira 2 mita ndikulemera pafupifupi 20 kg.
Kumbali ina, abuluzi akupha awa odyetsa nyama ndi owononga nyama. Ponena za utoto wake, ili pakati paimvi yakuda ndi yakuda, ndipo imatha kukhala ndi mawanga akuda ndi kirimu mthupi lake.
Mitchell-Water Monitor
Mitchell-Water Monitor (varanus mitchelli) khalani ku australiaMakamaka m'madambo, mitsinje, mayiwe ndi matupi amadzi zambiri. Amakhalanso ndi luso lokhazikika, koma nthawi zonse mumitengo yogwirizana ndi matupi amadzi.
Buluzi wina wakupha waku Australia ali ndi zakudya zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimaphatikizapo nyama zam'madzi kapena zapadziko lapansi, mbalame, nyama zazing'ono, mazira, nyama zopanda mafupa ndi nsomba.
Kuwunika-Argus
Pakati pa abuluzi oopsa kwambiri omwe alipo, wowunika-Argus amadziwikanso (Zojambula za Varanus). Amapezeka mu Australia ndi New Guinea ndipo akazi amakhala mpaka 90 cm, pomwe amuna amatha kufikira 140 cm.
Amagawidwa pamitundu ingapo yadziko lapansi komanso pafupi ndi matupi amadzi, ndipo ali akumba bwino kwambiri. Zakudya zawo ndizosiyanasiyana ndipo zimaphatikizapo zazing'ono zazing'ono ndi zopanda mafupa.
Buluzi wamiyala yaminga
Buluzi Wachikuda (Varanus acanthurusali ndi dzina chifukwa chakupezeka kwa zokometsera zake kumchira kwake, amene amagwiritsa ntchito pomuteteza. Ndi yaying'ono kukula ndipo amakhala makamaka m'malo ouma ndipo ndi wokumba bwino.
Mtundu wake ndi bulauni-bulauni, ndi kupezeka kwa mawanga achikasu. Chakudya cha buluzi woipachi chimachokera ku tizilombo ndi nyama zazing'ono.
Buluzi wosazindikira (Lanthanotus borneensis)
Buluzi wowonera wopanda makutu (Lanthanotus borneensis) é kufalikira kumadera ena a Asia, okhala m'nkhalango zotentha, pafupi ndi mitsinje kapena madzi. Ngakhale alibe ziwonetsero zakunja zakumvera, amatha kumva kuphatikiza pakutha kutulutsa mawu. Amakwana masentimita 40, amakhala ndi zizoloŵezi zakugona usiku ndipo amadya nyama, amadya nkhanu, nsomba ndi ziphuphu.
Sizinadziwike nthawi zonse kuti buluzi wamtunduwu anali ndi poyizoni, komabe, zakhala zikutheka posachedwa kudziwa zopangitsa zomwe zimatulutsa mankhwala owopsa, omwe ali ndi anticoagulant kwenikweni, ngakhale ilibe mphamvu ngati ya abuluzi ena. Kuluma kwa mtundu uwu sizowopsa kwa anthu.
Mafinya a abuluzi amtundu wa Heloderma
Kuluma kwa abuluzi oopsawa ndiwopweteka kwambiri ndipo ikayambitsidwa mwa anthu athanzi, amatha kuchira. Komabe, nthawi zina zitha kupha, chifukwa zimayambitsa zizindikilo zofunika mwa wozunzidwayo, monga asphyxia, ziwalo ndi hypothermia, choncho milandu iyenera kuchitidwa mwachangu. Abuluzi amtundu wa Heloderma samachotsa ululuwo, koma akamang'amba khungu la wovulalayo, amatulutsa mankhwala owopsa kuchokera kumafinya apadera ndipo amayenda mpaka pachilondacho, kulowa mthupi la nyama.
Poizoniyu ndi malo ogulitsa mankhwala angapo, monga ma enzyme (hyaluronidase ndi phospholipase A2), mahomoni ndi mapuloteni (serotonin, helothermin, gilatoxin, helodermatin, exenatide ndi gilatide, pakati pa ena).
Zina mwazinthu zomwe zimapezeka muululu wa nyama izi zinawerengedwa, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi gilatide (yotalikirana ndi chilombo cha Gila) ndikutuluka, komwe kumawoneka Phindu lodabwitsa mu matenda monga Alzheimer's and type 2 diabetes, motsatana.
Ululu wa abuluzi a Varanus
Kwa kanthawi kumaganiziridwa kuti abuluzi okhaokha amtundu wa Heloderma ndi omwe ali ndi poyizoni, komabe, kafukufuku wina pambuyo pake adawonetsa kuti Poizoni amapezekanso mu mtundu wa Varanus. Izi zimakhala ndi zilonda zam'mimba mu nsagwada iliyonse, yomwe imadutsa m'misewu yapadera pakati pa mano awiri.
Poizoni amene nyama izi zimapanga ndi malo ogulitsa ma enzyme, yofanana ndi njoka zina ndipo, monga gulu la Heloderma, sizingatenthepo wovulalayo, koma ikaluma, mankhwala owopsa amalowa m'magazi pamodzi ndi malovu, Kuyambitsa mavuto a coagulation, kupangira effusions, kuwonjezera hypotension ndi mantha zomwe zimathera ndi kugwa kwa munthu yemwe adalumidwa. Magulu a poizoni omwe amapezeka muululu wa nyama izi ndi mapuloteni ambiri a cysteine, kallikrein, natriuretic peptide ndi phospholipase A2.
Kusiyanitsa pakati pa mtundu wa Heloderma ndi Varanus ndikuti poyizoni poyizoni amayendetsedwa kudzera mu canaliculi wamano, pomwe kumapeto kwake mankhwalawo amachotsedwa mu madera opatsirana.
Ngozi zina za anthu omwe ali ndi abuluzi owopsawa zimatha kupha, popeza omwe akuvulalawo amataya magazi mpaka kufa. Kumbali ina, aliyense amene amalandira chithandizo amapulumutsidwa.
Buluzi amaonedwa kuti ndi woopsa
Nthawi zambiri, m'malo angapo, nthano zina zimapangidwa ponena za nyama izi, makamaka pokhudzana ndi kuopsa kwawo, chifukwa zimawerengedwa kuti ndi zakupha. Komabe, ichi chimakhala chikhulupiriro chabodza chomwe nthawi zambiri chimatha kuwononga gulu la anthu chifukwa cha kusaka mosasankha, makamaka ndi nalimata zakhoma. Tiyeni tiwone zitsanzo za abuluzi ndiwo amawoneka molakwika kuti ndi owopsa:
- Caiman buluzi, buluzi wa njoka kapena buluzi wa chinkhanira (Gerrhonotus liocephalus).
- Buluzi wamapiri (Barisia imbricata).
- zimbalangondo zazing'ono (Dziko la Taenian y udzu abronia).
- Chameleon Wabodza (Phrynosoma orbicularis).
- Mtengo wa thundu wokhala ndi khungu losalala (Plestiodon lynxe).
Chofala kwambiri cha mitundu yosaopsa ya abuluzi ndikuti ambiri amakhala ena Chiwopsezo, ndiye kuti, ali pachiwopsezo chotha. Zoti nyama ndi yoopsa sizitipatsa ufulu woti tiwonongeke, mosasamala kanthu za zotsatira zake pamtunduwo. Mwanjira imeneyi, mitundu yonse yamoyo padziko lapansi iyenera kuyesedwa ndi kulemekezedwa moyenera.
Tsopano popeza mukudziwa abuluzi owopsa, onani vidiyo yotsatirayi komwe tikukuwuzani zambiri za Komodo Dragon yokongola:
Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga zina zambiri zofanana ndi Abuluzi Oopsa - Mitundu ndi Zithunzi, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulowe mu gawo lathu la Curiosities la nyama.