Zinyama Zam'madzi - Makhalidwe ndi Zitsanzo

Zamkati

• Makhalidwe a zinyama zam'madzi
• Mpweya wa nyama zam'madzi
• Mitundu ya nyama zam'madzi
• dongosolo la cetacean
• dongosolo losangalatsa
• Mndandanda wa zitsanzo za nyama zam'madzi ndi mayina awo
• dongosolo la cetacean
• dongosolo losangalatsa
• Lamulo la Siren

Chiyambi cha zamoyo zonse padziko lapansi zidachitika mu chilengedwe m'madzi. M'mbiri yonse ya chisinthiko, nyama zakutchire zakhala zikusintha ndikusintha momwe zinthu zilili padziko lapansi mpaka, zaka mamiliyoni angapo zapitazo, ena mwa iwo adabwerera kudzamiza m'nyanja ndi mitsinje, kusintha moyo wawo.

Munkhani iyi ya PeritoZinyama, tikambirana Nyama zam'madzi, odziwika bwino monga nyama zam'madzi, monga momwe zilili m'nyanja momwe mitundu yayikulu kwambiri yamtunduwu imakhalamo. Dziwani zikhalidwe za nyama izi ndi zitsanzo.

Makhalidwe a zinyama zam'madzi

Moyo wa nyama zakutchire m'madzi ndiwosiyana kwambiri ndi nyama zakutchire. Kuti apulumuke mderali, amayenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera pakusintha kwawo.

Madzi ndi ocheperako kwambiri kuposa mpweya ndipo, kuwonjezera apo, amalimbana kwambiri, ndichifukwa chake nyama zam'madzi zimakhala ndi thupi kwambiri hydrodynamic, zomwe zimawathandiza kusuntha mosavuta. chitukuko cha zipsepse Zofanana ndi za nsomba zimayimira kusintha kwakapangidwe kazinthu, komwe kumawathandiza kuti azikula liwiro, azitsogolera kusambira ndikuyankhulana.

Madzi ndi sing'anga yomwe imatenga kutentha kwambiri kuposa mpweya, motero nyama zam'madzi zimakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo pansi pa khungu lolimba komanso lolimba, zomwe zimawasunga kuti azikhala otetezedwa ndi kutentha kumeneku. Kuphatikiza apo, imakhala ngati chitetezo mukamakhala m'malo ozizira kwambiri padziko lapansi. Nyama zina zam'madzi zimakhala ndi ubweya chifukwa zimagwira ntchito zina zofunika kunja kwa madzi, monga kuberekana.

Zinyama zam'madzi zomwe, nthawi zina za moyo wawo, zimakhala mozama kwambiri, zidapanga ziwalo zina kuti zizikhala mumdima, monga wachinyamata. Mphamvu yakuwona m'chilengedwechi ndiyopanda ntchito, popeza kuwala kwa dzuwa sikufikira kuzama uku.

Monga zinyama zonse, nyama zam'madzi izi zimakhala ndi thukuta, zopangitsa za mammary, zomwe zimatulutsa mkaka wa ana awo, ndi kuyamwitsa ana mthupi.

Mpweya wa nyama zam'madzi

Nyama zam'madzi amafuna mpweya kuti apume. Chifukwa chake, amapuma mpweya wambiri ndikusunga m'mapapu kwa nthawi yayitali. Akamayenda m'madzi atapuma, amatha kutumiziranso magazi kuubongo, mtima ndi minofu ya chigoba. Minofu yanu imakhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri otchedwa myoglobin, yokhoza kupeza mpweya wambiri.

Mwanjira imeneyi, nyama zam'madzi zimatha kukhala nthawi yayitali osapuma. Ana Aang'ono ndi Atangobadwa kumene alibe luso lotukuka ili, choncho amafunika kupuma pafupipafupi kuposa ena onse.

Mitundu ya nyama zam'madzi

Mitundu yambiri yazinyama zam'madzi zimakhala m'malo am'madzi. Pali mitundu itatu ya nyama zam'madzi: cetacea, carnivora ndi sirenia.

dongosolo la cetacean

Mwa dongosolo la cetaceans, mitundu yoyimira kwambiri ndiyo anamgumi, ma dolphin, anamgumi aumuna, anamgumi akupha ndi porpoises. Ma Cetacean adasintha kuchokera ku mtundu wina wazakudya zapadziko lapansi wazambiri zaka 50 miliyoni zapitazo. Lamulo la Cetacea lidagawika m'mizere itatu (imodzi mwazimene zidatha):

• zakale: Zinyama zapadziko lapansi za quadrupedal, makolo amakono a cetaceans (omwe atha kale).
• Zinsinsi: anamgumi omaliza. Ndi nyama zopanda mano zomwe zimadya madzi ochulukirapo ndikuzisefa kupyola kumapeto, kutola nsomba zomwe zatsekedwa m'menemo ndi malilime awo.
• odontocetiIzi zikuphatikizapo ma dolphin, anamgumi opha, porpoises ndi zipper. Ndi gulu losiyana kwambiri, ngakhale mawonekedwe ake akulu ndi kupezeka kwa mano. Mu gululi titha kupeza dolphin ya pinki (Inia geoffrensis), mtundu wa nyama zam'madzi zam'madzi zam'madzi.

dongosolo losangalatsa

Mwa dongosolo losangalatsa, akuphatikizidwa zisindikizo, mikango yam'nyanja ndi ma walrus, ngakhale otters a m'nyanja ndi zimbalangondo zakutchire amathanso kuphatikizidwa. Gulu ili la nyama lidawonekera pafupifupi zaka 15 miliyoni zapitazo, ndipo limakhulupirira kuti limagwirizana kwambiri ndi ma mustelids ndi zimbalangondo (zimbalangondo).

Lamulo la Siren

Dongosolo lomaliza, siren, limaphatikizapo ma dugong ndi manatees. Nyama izi zidachokera ku ma tetiterio, nyama zomwe zikufanana kwambiri ndi njovu zomwe zidawonekera zaka 66 miliyoni zapitazo. Ma Dugong amakhala ku Australia komanso manatees Africa ndi America.

Mndandanda wa zitsanzo za nyama zam'madzi ndi mayina awo

dongosolo la cetacean

Zinsinsi:

• Whale wa Greenland (Zinsinsi za Balaena)
• Whale Kumwera Kumanja (Eubalaena Australis)
• Glacial Right Whale (Eubalaena glacialis)
• Nsomba Yam'madzi yaku Pacific (Eubalaena japonica)
• Whale Wakale (Balaenoptera physalus)
• Momwe Whale (Balaenoptera borealis)
• Whale wa Bryde (Balaenoptera brydei)
• Otentha Bryde Whale (Balaenoptera edeni)
• Blue Whale (Balaenoptera musculus)
• Whale Wolemba Minke (Balaenoptera acutorostrata)
• Antarctic Minke Whale (Balaenoptera bonaerensis)
• Omura Whale (Balaenoptera omurai)
• Whale WakaleMegaptera novaeangliae)
• Whale Wofiirira (Eschrichtius robustus)
• Pygmy Whale Wanyama (Caperea marginata)

Odontoceti:

• Dolphin wa Commerson (Cephalorhynchus commersonii)
• Dolphin wa Heaviside (Cephalorhynchus ubunzima)
• Dolphin Yodziwika Kwambiri (Delphinus capensis)
• Pygmy orcacholetsa kuchepa)
• Wanyama Wautali Woyendetsa Wankhono (Nyimbo zapadziko lonse lapansi)
• Kuseka Dolphin (Grampus griseus)
• Mawu Otchedwa Dolphin (Lagenodelphis hosei)
• Atlantic dolphin yoyera (Lagenorhynchus acutus)
• Dolphin Yakumpoto Yakumpoto (Lissodelphis borealis)
• Orca (Orcinus orca)
• Mtundu wa dolphin wosadziwika bwino (Sousa chinensis)
• dolphin yopyapyala (stenella coeruleoalba)
• Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)
• Dolphin ya pinki (Inia geoffrensis)
• Baiji (PA)vexillifer lipos)
• Mbalame (Pontoporia Blainvillei)
• Beluga (Delphinapterus leucas)
• Narwhal (Monodon monoceros)

dongosolo losangalatsa

• Chisindikizo cha Monk Mediterraneanmonachus monachus)
• Chisindikizo cha Njovu Kumpoto (Mirounga angustirostris)
• Chisindikizo cha Leopard (Hydrurga leptonyx)
• Chisindikizo Chofanana (Vitulina Phoca)
• Chisindikizo cha ubweya waku Australia (Arctocephalus pusillus)
• Chisindikizo cha ubweya wa Guadalupe (arctophoca philippii townendi)
• Mkango Wam'madzi wa Steller (jubatus eumetopias)
• Mkango waku California Sea (Zalophus californianus)
• Nyama yam'madzi (Enhydra lutris)
• ChimbalangondoUrsus Maritimus)

Lamulo la Siren

• Zamgululidugong dugon)
• Manatee (Trichechus manatus)
• Manatee a ku Amazonia (Trichechus inungui)
• Chiwerewere cha ku Africa (Trichechus senegalensis)

Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga zina zambiri zofanana ndi Zinyama Zam'madzi - Makhalidwe ndi Zitsanzo, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulowe mu gawo lathu la Curiosities la nyama.