Zamkati
- Kodi pali nsomba zokhala ndi miyendo?
- Mitundu ya nsomba zamiyendo
- Anabas testudineus
- Nsomba (Dibranchus spinosus)
- sladenia shaefersi
- Thymicthys politus
- African lungfish (Protopterus amalumikiza)
- lucerne wachinyamata
- Mudfish (mitundu ingapo yamtunduwu Ndirande Anglican Voices
- Chaunax chithunzi
- Kodi axolotl ndi nsomba yokhala ndi miyendo?
Nsomba ndi zamoyo zam'mimba zomwe mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mawonekedwe, makulidwe ndi moyo zimawapangitsa kukhala apadera. Mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya moyo yomwe ali nayo, ndikofunikira kuwunikira mitundu yomwe idasinthika mderalo kuti ipeze mawonekedwe achilendo kwambiri. Pali nsomba zomwe zipsepse zake zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe omwe amazisandutsa "miyendo" yeniyeni.
Izi siziyenera kutidabwitsa, chifukwa miyendo idachitika zaka 375 miliyoni zapitazo, pomwe nsomba ya Sarcopterian Tiktaalik idakhala, nsomba yokhala ndi zipsepse za lobe yomwe inali ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana a tetrapods (mafupa amiyendo inayi).
Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti miyendo idayamba chifukwa chofuna kuchoka pamalo pomwe madzi anali osaya ndikuthandizira kufunafuna chakudya. Munkhaniyi ndi PeritoAnimal, tifotokoza ngati alipo nsomba ndi miyendo - trivia ndi zithunzi. Mudzawona kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ili ndi zipsepse zotere zogwira ntchito mwendo. Kuwerenga bwino.
Kodi pali nsomba zokhala ndi miyendo?
Osati, kulibe nsomba yokhala ndi miyendo yeniyeni. Komabe, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, mitundu ina yazipsepse zimasinthidwa kuti "ziziyenda" kapena zimayenda panyanja kapena pamtsinje, ndipo zina zimatha kusiya madziwo kwakanthawi kochepa kufunafuna chakudya kapena kuyenda pakati pamadzi.
Mitunduyi, makamaka, imayika zipsepse zawo pafupi ndi thupi kuti zithandizidwe bwino, ndi mitundu ina, monga Bichir-de-Senegal (Polypterus senegulus), khalani ndi mawonekedwe ena omwe amawalola kutuluka bwino m'madzi, popeza thupi lawo ndilolitali kwambiri ndipo chigaza chawo chimasiyanitsidwa pang'ono ndi thupi lonse, zomwe zimawapatsa kuyenda kwakukulu.
Izi zikuwonetsa momwe nsomba zimakhala ndi zazikulu pulasitiki kuti azolowere chilengedwe chanu, zomwe zingawulule momwe nsomba yoyamba idatulukira m'madzi nthawi yakusinthika komanso momwe, pambuyo pake, mitundu yomwe ilipo masiku ano idapanga zipsepse (kapena zomwe tingatchule apa, miyendo ya nsomba) yomwe imalola kuti "ayende".
Mitundu ya nsomba zamiyendo
Chifukwa chake tiyeni tikomane ndi ena mwa nsombazi ndi miyendo, ndiye kuti, ali ndi osambira omwe amakhala ngati miyendo yawo. Odziwika kwambiri ndi awa:
Anabas testudineus
Mtundu uwu wa banja la Anabantidae umapezeka ku India, China ndi Wallace Line (dera la Asia). Imakhala pafupifupi 25 cm m'litali ndipo ndi nsomba yomwe imakhala m'madzi am'madzi, mitsinje komanso malo obzala, komabe, imatha kulekerera mchere.
Ngati malo omwe akukhalamo awuma, atha kukusiyani mukugwiritsa ntchito zipsepse zawo ngati "miyendo" poyenda. Zimatsutsana kwambiri ndi malo okhala ndi oxygen. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, zimatha kutenga tsiku limodzi kuti mufike kumalo ena, koma akhoza kukhala ndi moyo mpaka masiku asanu ndi limodzi kuchokera m'madzi. Kuti achite izi, nthawi zambiri amakumba ndikuboola m'matope onyowa kuti apulumuke. Chifukwa cha izi, imakweza mndandanda wathu wa nsomba ndi miyendo.
Munkhani ina mupeza nsomba zosowa kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Nsomba (Dibranchus spinosus)
Mbalame ya batfish kapena ya m'nyanja ndi ya banja la Ogcocephalidae, lomwe limapezeka m'madzi otentha am'nyanja ndi nyanja zonse padziko lapansi, kupatula Nyanja ya Mediterranean. Thupi lake ndilofunika kwambiri, limakhala ndi mawonekedwe osalala komanso ozungulira, osinthidwa kukhala moyo pansi pamadzi, ndiye kuti ndi a benthic. mchira wanu uli nawo peduncles awiri zomwe zimatuluka m'mbali mwake ndipo ndizosintha zipsepse zake zamatope zomwe zimakhala ngati miyendo.
Komanso, zipsepse za m'chiuno ndizochepa kwambiri ndipo zimakhala pansi pakhosi ndipo zimagwiranso chimodzimodzi ndi miyendo yakutsogolo. anu awiri Zipinda ziwiri za zipsepse zimakhala zolimba komanso zamphamvu, zomwe zimawalola kuyenda pansi pa nyanja, zomwe amachita nthawi zambiri - ndichifukwa chake timazitcha mtundu wa nsomba zokhala ndi miyendo - popeza siosambira abwino. Akazindikira nyama yomwe ingakhale nyama, amakhala chete kuti ayese kukoka nyambo yomwe ali nayo pankhope pake ndiyeno nkuigwira ndi mkamwa mwawo.
sladenia shaefersi
Pokhala a banja la a Lophiidae, nsombayi imapezeka ku South Carolina, kumpoto kwa United States, komanso ku Lesser Antilles. Ndi mtundu waukulu, wofikira kupitirira mita imodzi kutalika. Mutu wake ndi wozungulira koma wosalala ndipo uli ndi mchira wopanikizika pambuyo pake.
Ili ndi ulusi iwiri wotuluka m'mutu mwake komanso minga yamitundumitundu yosiyana kuzungulira mutu wake komanso m'thupi mwake. Imakhala m'malo athanthwe pomwe imathamangitsa nyama yake chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kofananira ndi chilengedwe. Nsomba yamiyendo iyi imatha kuyenda pansi panyanja mwa "kuyenda" chifukwa cha zipsepse zake zam'mimba zosinthidwa mawonekedwe amiyendo.
Thymicthys politus
Mtundu wa banja la Brachionichthyidae, umakhala m'mphepete mwa Tasmania. Zochepa ndizodziwika bwino pazamoyo za nsombazi. Ikhoza kufikira pafupifupi 13 cm kutalika ndipo mawonekedwe ake ndi owoneka bwino kwambiri, popeza thupi lake ndi lofiira kwathunthu komanso lokutidwa ndi nsonga, lokhala ndi mutu pamutu pake.
Zipsepse zawo zam'chiuno ndizochepa ndipo zimapezeka pansipa komanso pafupi ndi mutu, pomwe zipsepse zawo zam'mimba zimapangidwa bwino ndipo zimawoneka ngati "zala" zomwe zimawathandiza kuyenda pansi pa nyanja. Amakonda madera amchenga pafupi ndi miyala yamchere ndi magombe amchere. Chifukwa chake, kuwonjezera pakuwonedwa ngati nsomba yokhala ndi miyendo, ndi "nsomba yokhala ndi zala".
African lungfish (Protopterus amalumikiza)
Ndi nsomba zam'mapapo za banja la Protopteridae lomwe limakhala m'mitsinje, m'madzi kapena m'madambo obiriwira ku Africa. Ili ndi utali wopitilira mita imodzi ndipo thupi lake limakhala lolumikizana (lopindika) ndi lotuwa. Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya nsomba zoyenda, nsomba iyi imatha kuyenda pansi pamitsinje ndi matupi ena amadzi oyera, chifukwa cha zipsepse zake zam'mimba ndi m'chiuno, zomwe pano ndizabwino, ndipo amathanso kudumpha.
Ndi mtundu womwe mawonekedwe ake akhala osasinthika kwazaka zambiri. Imatha kupulumuka nyengo yadzuwa chifukwa chakuti imakumba m'matope ndikubowola mamina omwe amatulutsa. Iye atha kukhala miyezi yambiri mdziko lino Kalata yaying'ono yopumira m'mlengalenga chifukwa ili ndi mapapu.
lucerne wachinyamata
Kuchokera kubanja la Triglidae, nsomba yamiyendo iyi ndi mitundu yam'madzi yomwe ili m'nyanja ya Atlantic, Nyanja ya Mediterranean ndi Nyanja Yakuda. Ndi mitundu yochezeka yomwe imafalikira pagombe. Imafikira kupitirira 50 cm kutalika ndipo thupi lake limakhala lolimba, kenako lopindika komanso lofiirira-lalanje mtundu wake komanso mawonekedwe osalala. Zipsepse zake za pectoral ndi otukuka kwambiri, kufika kumapeto.
Nsomba zamtunduwu zimakhala ndi cheza zitatu zomwe zimatuluka m'munsi mwa zipsepse zawo zam'mimba zomwe zimawalola kuti "zokwawa kapena kuyenda" pagombe lamchenga, momwe zimakhalira ndi miyendo yaying'ono. Magetsi awa amagwiranso ntchito ngati ziwalo zomverera kapena zovuta Zomwe amayeza pansi pa nyanja kuti azidya. Amatha kutulutsa "mkonono" chifukwa chakunjenjemera kwa chikhodzodzo, poyang'anizana ndi ziwopsezo kapena nyengo yobereketsa.
Mudfish (mitundu ingapo yamtunduwu Ndirande Anglican Voices
Kuchokera kubanja la Gobiidae, mitundu yapaderayi imakhala m'madzi otentha komanso otentha a ku Asia ndi Africa, m'malo am'mitsinje momwe madzi ake ndi amchere. Madera a mangrove amapezeka nthawi zambiri. Nsombayi ili ndi miyendo pafupifupi 15 cm m'litali ndipo thupi lake limatambasuka ndi mutu wawukulu ndipo maso owopsa kwambiri, pomwe zikuyenda moyang'ana kutsogolo, pafupifupi zomata pamodzi.
Titha kunena kuti moyo wawo ndiwampweya wamadzi kapena wam'madzi, chifukwa amatha kupuma mpweya wamlengalenga chifukwa chakuwombana kwamafuta kudzera pakhungu, pharynx, mucosa wamlomo ndi zipinda zam'madzi momwe amasungira mpweya. Dzina lawo mudfish ndi chifukwa chakuti, kuwonjezera pakupuma kunja kwa madzi, nthawi zonse amafunikira malo amatope kuti akhalebe ndi chinyezi komanso chinyezi mthupi. machimotoyama, ndipo ndi malo omwe amadyetsa nthawi zambiri. Zipsepse zawo zam'mimba zimakhala zolimba ndipo zimakhala ndi khungu lomwe limawalola kutuluka m'madzi m'malo amatope ndipo ndi zipsepse zawo m'chiuno amatha kumamatira kumtunda.
Muthanso kukhala ndi chidwi ndi nkhani ina iyi yokhudza nsomba zomwe zimatuluka m'madzi.
Chaunax chithunzi
Ndi ya banja la Chaunacidae ndipo imagawidwa m'nyanja zonse zapadziko lapansi m'madzi otentha, kupatula ku Nyanja ya Mediterranean. Thupi lake limakhala lolimba komanso lozungulira, kenako kumapeto kwake, mpaka kutalika kwa 40 cm. Ili ndi mtundu wofiira-lalanje ndipo khungu lake limakhala lolimba, lokutidwa ndi minga yaying'ono, amathanso kufufuma, zomwe zimakupatsani inu mawonekedwe a nsomba yotupa. Zipsepse zawo ziwiri zam'mimba ndi m'chiuno, zomwe zimakhala pansi pamutu ndipo zimayandikana kwambiri, zimapangidwa bwino ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati miyendo yeniyeni yosunthira pansi panyanja. Ndi nsomba yomwe imatha kusambira pang'ono.
Kodi axolotl ndi nsomba yokhala ndi miyendo?
nkhwangwa (Ambystoma mexicanum) ndi nyama yodziwikiratu, yachilengedwe komanso yodziwika ku Mexico, yomwe imakhala m'madzi, m'nyanja ndi matupi ena osaya amadzi okhala ndi zomera zambiri zam'madzi kumwera chapakati mdzikolo, mpaka kutalika kwa 15 cm. Ndi amphibian yemwe ali mu "ngozi yowonongeka yayikulu"chifukwa chakumwa anthu, kutaya malo okhala ndikubweretsa mitundu yachilendo ya nsomba.
Ndi nyama yamadzi yokha yomwe imawoneka ngati nsomba, komabe, mosiyana ndi zomwe ambiri amakhulupirira, chinyama chimenechi si nsomba, koma samamander wofanana ndi amphibiya yemwe thupi lake lachikulire limakhala ndi minyewa (njira yotchedwa neotenia) yokhala ndi mchira wothinikizidwa pambuyo pake, mitsempha yakunja, komanso kupezeka kwa miyendo.
Ndipo popeza mukudziwa nsomba zazikuluzikulu zomwe zili ndi miyendo ndipo mwawona zithunzi za miyendo ya nsomba, mutha kukhala ndi chidwi ndi nkhani ina iyi ya PeritoZinyama za nsomba zamadzi amchere.
Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga zina zambiri zofanana ndi Nsomba ndi miyendo - Zidwi ndi zithunzi, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulowe mu gawo lathu la Curiosities la nyama.