Zamkati
- Gulu la kangaude
- Kangaude ali ndi maso angati?
- Masomphenya a akangaude
- Masomphenya a Kangaude Wodumpha
- kangaude kangaude
- Kangaude ali ndi miyendo ingati?
- Kodi kangaude amakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Mwa mitundu yoposa 40,000 ya kangaude padziko lonse lapansi, sizovuta nthawi zonse kudziwa ngati tikukumana ndi poyizoni kapena ayi, koma timadziwa nthawi zonse kuti ndi kangaude. Kukula pang'ono, kutchuka kwambiri, zolusa izi zimapatsa ulemu pakumva chabe. Ndiosavuta kulingalira chimodzi, sichoncho? Miyendo yaying'ono yotchulidwayo, kutha kwachidziwikire ndi malingaliro olingalira oyenerera Hollywood. Koma mukaganiza za kangaude, kodi mumayerekeza bwanji ndi maso ake? Kangaude ali ndi maso angati? Ndi miyendo?
Mu positi iyi ndi PeritoZinyama timayankha mafunso awa ndikufotokozera momwe kangaude amayambira, kuti mudziwe kuzindikira bwino, ngakhale m'maganizo mwanu.
Gulu la kangaude
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya akangaude imapezeka padziko lonse lapansi, nthawi zonse m'malo okhala kumtunda. . Pakadali pano pali mitundu pafupifupi 40,000 ya akangaude omwe adatchulidwa koma akukhulupirira kuti zosakwana zisanu mwa zisanu zamtundu uliwonse wa kangaude zikufotokozedwa. Mwanjira ina, ambiri a iwo sanadziwikebe.
Akangaude ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Arachinida, otchedwa Araneae, omwe amaphatikizapo mitundu ya akangaude omwe mabanja awo amatha kukhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono: mesothelae ndipo Opisthothelae.
Ngakhale kuti akangaude amasiyana m'njira zosiyanasiyana, si zachilendo kuzigawa mogwirizana ndi kapangidwe kake. kuchuluka kwa maso a kangaude ndichofunikira kwambiri mgawidwe mwatsatanetsatane. Magawo awiri omwe adatchulidwa pano ndi awa:
- Opisthothelae: ndi gulu la nkhanu ndi akangaude ena omwe timakonda kumva za iwo. Mu gululi, a chelicerae ndi ofanana ndikuloza pansi.
- Mesothelae: gawo ili limaphatikizapo akangaude omwe amakhala ochepa, mabanja omwe atha, komanso mitundu yakale. Pogwirizana ndi gulu lapitalo, amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi chelicerae omwe amangoyenda kutalika.
Kangaude ali ndi maso angati?
THE ambiri ali ndi maso 8, koma pakati pa mitundu yoposa 40,000 ya akangaude pali zosiyana. Pankhani ya banja Dysderidae, amatha kukhala ndi akangaude 6 okha chiwoo atha kukhala ndi 4, pomwe banja Zamgululi, akhoza kukhala ndi maso awiri okha. Palinso akangaude omwe alibe maso, amene amakhala m'mapanga.
Maso a kangaude ali pamutu, monganso ma chelicerae ndi ma pedipalps, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala m'mizere iwiri kapena itatu yopindika kapena pamalo okwera, omwe amatchedwa mtolo wa diso. Mu akangaude akulu ndizotheka kuwona kuti kangaude ali ndi maso angati ngakhale ndi maso, monga zikuwonetsedwa pachithunzichi.
Masomphenya a akangaude
Ngakhale ali ndi maso ambiri, kuchuluka kwawo sikomwe kumawatsogolera kukakumana nawo. ambiri a akangaude alibe masomphenya otukuka, popeza ndichinthu chachiwiri pamatendawa. Mwinanso sawona zoposa mawonekedwe kapena kusintha kwa kuwala.
Kuwona kwachiwiri kwa akangaude kumafotokozanso chifukwa chake ambiri amasaka madzulo kapena usiku. Chomwe chimawalola kuti aziyenda ndendende ndikumverera kwawo kwakukulu chifukwa chaubweya wofalikira thupi lawo lonse, kuzindikira kugwedera.
Masomphenya a Kangaude Wodumpha
Pali kusiyanasiyana ndi akangaude olumpha, kapena osaka ntchentche (Mchere wamchere), ndi amodzi mwa iwo. Mitundu ya banja ili imawoneka kwambiri masana ndipo imakhala ndi masomphenya omwe amawalola kutero kuzindikira adani ndi adani, wokhoza kuzindikira kusuntha, mayendedwe ndi mtunda, kugawa ntchito zosiyanasiyana kwa maso awiri.
kangaude kangaude
Miyendo, gawo logawika komanso miyendo yolankhulidwa ndi mawonekedwe a kangaude yemwe amawonekera kwambiri ndi maso. Akangaude alibe tinyanga, koma ali nawo dongosolo lamanjenje labwino kwambiri, komanso zowunikira ndi miyendo yomwe imawalola kuti ayang'ane ndikuzindikira chilengedwe, ngakhale kwa akangaude omwe alibe maso.
THE anatomy yayikulu ya kangaude tichipeza:
- Miyendo ya 8 yopangidwa mu: ntchafu, trochanter, femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus ndi (zotheka) misomali;
- 2 tagmas: cephalothorax ndi mimba, yolumikizidwa ndi pedicel;
- Thoracic fovea;
- Tsitsi lowonetsa;
- Carapace;
- Chelicerae: pankhani ya akangaude, ndi zikhadabo zomwe zimayambitsa poizoni (poizoni);
- Maso 8 mpaka 2;
- Zoyenda pansi: Chitani monga pakamwa ndikuthandizira kugwira nyama.
Kangaude ali ndi miyendo ingati?
Akangaude ambiri amakhala ndi miyendo 8 (awiriawiri anayi), ogawanika mkati Magawo 7: ntchafu, trochanter, femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus ndi (zotheka) misomali, ndi msomali wapakati wokhudza ukonde. Miyendo yambiri ya thupi losakhala lalikulu kwambiri imagwira ntchito yopitilira kusunthika kwachangu.
Miyendo iwiri yakutsogolo ya miyendo yakutsogolo ndi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pofufuza zachilengedwe, pogwiritsa ntchito tsitsi lomwe limaphimba ndikumverera kwawo kwakumverera. Kumbali inayi, timitsitsi tatsitsi pansi pa misomali (scopules) zimathandiza kulumikizana ndi kukhazikika pamene akangaude amayenda pamalo osalala bwino. Mosiyana ndi ma arthropods ena, komabe, m'malo mwa minofu, miyendo ya akangaude imakula chifukwa cha kuthamanga hayidiroliki zomwe ndizofanana ndi mitundu iyi.
Za kukula kwake, mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ndi yaying'ono kwambiri yodziwika ndi iyi:
- Kangaude wamkulu: Theraposa blondi, imatha kutalika mpaka 20 cm m'mapiko;
- Kangaude kakang'ono kwambiri:Patu digua, kukula kwa mutu wa pini.
Kodi kangaude amakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Chifukwa cha chidwi, a moyo wa kangaude zimatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera mitundu ndi zikhalidwe za malo ake. Ngakhale mitundu ina imakhala ndi moyo wosakwanitsa chaka chimodzi, monganso kangaude wa nkhandwe, ina imatha kukhala zaka 20, monganso kangaude wamtchire. Kangaude yemwe amadziwika kuti 'nambala 16' adatchuka ataphwanya mbiri ya kangaude wakale kwambiri padziko lapansi, ndi kangaude wamtchire (Gaius villosus) ndipo adakhala zaka 43.[1]
Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga zina zambiri zofanana ndi Kangaude ali ndi maso angati?, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulowe mu gawo lathu la Curiosities la nyama.