Makoswe a ziweto: mitundu, mitundu ndi mawonekedwe

Zamkati

• makoswe apakhomo vs makoswe amphaka
• makoswe amphaka
• hamster
• Hamster waku Syria
• hamster wachinyamata waku Russia
• Nkhumba ya Guinea (chinthaka)
• nkhumba zazifupi
• Nkhumba Zambiri za ku Longhaired Guinea
• Mitundu ya nkhumba yopanda ubweya
• makoswe ndi makoswe apakhomo
• Twister Dumbo (zoweta zapakhomo)
• Chinchilla (lanigera chinchilla)
• makoswe amphaka zakutchire
• Gerbil (gologolo wa ku Mongolia)
• Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris)

Makoswe ndi dongosolo la nyama zomwe nthawi zambiri zimadziwika ndi zizolowezi zawo, monga mano osinthidwa kutafuna. Ambiri aiwo adalandira chifundo cha mitundu ya anthu ndipo adakulitsa chikhumbo chololedwa. Zakhala zowetedwa mpaka pomwe mitundu ina imagawidwa ngati mbewa zazinyama. Kulongosola momveka bwino, mu positiyi ndi Zinyama timafotokozera lingaliro la mbewa zapakhomo kapena zoweta, malinga ndi lamulo komanso zomwe zimafanana. Timasankha ndikufotokozera Mitundu 27 ya makoswe amtundu: mitundu, mitundu ndi mawonekedwe abwino.

makoswe apakhomo vs makoswe amphaka

Makoswe (Rodentia) ndi dongosolo la zinyama zomwe zimakhudza mitundu yoposa 2,000. Ku Brazil kokha, kuli mitundu yoposa 230 ya malo okhala, malinga ndi Brazil Rodent Guide.^[1]Capybaras, makoswe, agologolo, mbewa ndi hamsters ndi nyama zomwe zimadziwika kwambiri mgululi. chokhacho si mbewa iliyonse ndi chiweto. Malinga ndi IBAMA^[2], titha kuganizira za ziweto zomwe ana awo adaloledwa ndikuvomerezedwa:

Art. 2 Pazolinga zamalangizo awa, matanthauzidwe otsatirawa atsatiridwa:

I - chiweto kapena mnzake: nyama yochokera ku nyama zamtchire zakutchire, zobadwira kusinthanitsa kwamalonda kovomerezeka chifukwa cha izi, zimasungidwa kunyumba, popanda kupha, kubereka, kugwiritsa ntchito sayansi, kugwiritsa ntchito labotale, kugulitsa kapena kuwonetsa .

Ndikofunikira osasokoneza zoweta ndi ziwetoO. Zinyama zoweta zitha kukhala ziweto, koma zimathanso kukhala zoweta kapena zogwira ntchito. Kusintha, kubereka kwachilengedwe komanso kumangidwa komanso kukhala kwakanthawi kochepa ndizikhalidwe za ziweto, malinga ndi IBAMA^[3]. Ku Brazil, makoswe am'nyumba ndi awa:

• Mbewa (Mus musculus)
• Chinchilla (lanigera chinchilla kutulutsidwa mu ukapolo);
• Nkhumba ya Guinea (chinthaka);
• ZamgululiCricetus Cricetus);
• khoswe (Rattus norvegicus):
• Mbewa (rattus rattus).

*akalulu si makoswe. Ngakhale ali ndi zizolowezi, amalingaliridwa ziphuphu.

makoswe amphaka

Mitundu ina yodziwika bwino kwambiri monga mbewa zakutchire ku Brazil ndi iyi:

hamster

Ndi ena mwa makoswe odziwika bwino kwambiri. Amasiyanitsidwa mosavuta ndi makoswe posakhala mchira ndi masaya otupa. Sikuti mitundu yonse ya hamster ndi ziweto, ndi nyama zosamalitsa zosamalidwa bwino. Kuzitenga ngati chiweto kumafunikira kuyang'aniridwa ndi ziweto, monga mitundu ina yonse.

Ku Brazil, mitundu ya hamster monga makoswe amphaka odziwika kwambiri ndi awa:

Hamster waku Syria

Hamster yaku Syria ndi mtundu womwe umapezeka mu kutha kuzilombo. Nthawi zambiri imakhala pakati pa 15 ndi 17 cm ndipo imakopa chidwi chovala chake chofewa komanso chowala. Chifukwa ali wamanyazi komanso wosachedwa kupsa mtima, amafunikira nthawi kuti azolowere mphunzitsiyo. Onani pepala lathunthu ndi zambiri zokhudza hamster yaku Syria.

hamster wachinyamata waku Russia

The Russian Dwarf Hamster ndi kanyama kakang'ono kamene kamakhala kosapitirira masentimita 11 m'litali. Mitundu yawo imatha kusinthasintha kwambiri ndipo machitidwe awo ndi okoma komanso ochezeka. Chinthu china chochititsa chidwi cha mtundu wa hamster ndi kuthekera kozizira kwa anthu ena, chizolowezi chamtundu wawo wamtchire chomwe chitha kudziwonetsera mu mbewa zina. Mutha kuwona apa pepala lathunthu lonena za Hamster waku Russia.

Nkhumba ya Guinea (chinthaka)

Ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa nkhumba zakutchire (cavia aperea tschudii).

nkhumba zazifupi

• Chiabisisi;
• Korona waku America;
• Chingerezi Chachifumu;
• Lopotana;
• Tsitsi lalifupi (Chingerezi);
• Tsitsi la Peruvia lalifupi;
• Rex;
• Kubwereranso;
• Asomali;
• American Teddy;
• Swiss Teddy.

Nkhumba Zambiri za ku Longhaired Guinea

• Alpaca;
• Angora;
• Coronet;
• Lunkarya;
• Merino;
• Mohair;
• Chi Peruvia;
• Sheltie;
• Texel.

Mitundu ya nkhumba yopanda ubweya

• Baldwin;
• Woterera.

Mosasamala mtundu wa nkhumba zomwe mumakonda kukhala mbewa, chisamaliro chimodzimodzi. Funsani veterinarian, tsatirani malingaliro akudya a nkhumba, kuwonjezera pakupereka malo oyenera, chikondi ndi kampani.

makoswe ndi makoswe apakhomo

Chisokonezo pakati makoswe apakhomo, mbewa yakunyumba ndi mbewa zamaweto zitha kuchitika. Makoswe am'nyumba ndi mitundu ya makoswe omwe, monga dzinalo limatanthawuzira, amatha kuweta, monganso makoswe. Zomwe sizikutanthauza kuti mutha kulandira khoswe aliyense. Mitundu ina yamtundu wamtchire komanso yakutchire m'malo ena amakhala zotengera matenda monga leptospirosis, nkhanambo, mwa ena. Ngati mwakumana ndi imodzi mwazomwe zili mnyumba mwanu, ndibwino kuti muziwopseza. Tikupangira malangizowa kuti awawopsye makoswe popanda kuwavulaza kapena kuwavulaza. Zizindikiro monga kufiira kwamaso kapena kutulutsa kwa m'mphuno, zilonda zotseguka, ndi kupuma kumatha kuwonetsa kupezeka kwa matendawa. Ngati mwadya nyama, ndikofunikira kupita nayo kwa veterinarian.

Ali nyama zanzeru, zachikondi, zoseweretsa komanso zosangalatsa. Onsewa, atatengedwa ngati nyama zoweta, ayenera kukhala limodzi ndi ena amtundu womwewo ndi zoletsa: makoswe amphongo amatha kukhala ndi akazi ena osawilitsidwa, koma sangakhale ndi mwamuna wina pokhapokha atabadwa; Makoswe ayenera kukhala ndi munthu wina wamtundu womwewo.

Zakudya zikavomerezedwa, makoswe ndi makoswe monga makoswe amphaka amafunika khola lalikulu, operekera chakudya, ozizira madzi, zisa kapena nyumba zosonkhanitsira, komanso chisamaliro cha zakudya zawo komanso kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe angapereke.

Mitundu ya makoswe ndi mbewa zomwe zimadziwika kuti makoswe amtunduwu ndi izi:

Twister Dumbo (zoweta zapakhomo)

Ndi mtundu wa khoswe woweta zomwe zitha kulandiridwa bola zikadakhala momwe zimasinthira ndikuwunika zaumoyo. Twister Dumbo amakopa chidwi ndipo amatchulidwanso kuti makutu ake akulu, kuwonjezera pa chovala chachifupi chomwe mitundu yake imatha kusiyanasiyana: yoyera, imvi, imvi yoyera komanso bulauni.

Chinchilla (lanigera chinchilla)

Chinchilla wanyumba amawoneka ngati a mbewa zoweta kupita ku IBAMA ^[3]pokhapokha atapangidwanso mu ukapolo wovomerezeka. Amakhala makoswe odekha, ochezeka, anzeru komanso omvera. Akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala akulu kuposa amuna ndipo amatha kulemera mpaka 800 g. Ili ndi chiyembekezo chokhala ndi moyo wapamwamba, kuyambira zaka 10 mpaka 15, pansi pa chisamaliro choyenera. Onani zolemba zonse za chinchilla ngati chiweto.

makoswe amphaka zakutchire

Makoswe amphaka zakutchire ndi omwe sali mgulu la ziweto za IBAMA. Kukhazikitsidwa kwake kuyenera kuyendetsedwa ndikuvomerezedwa. Mitundu ina yamtundu wamtchire yomwe imadzutsa chidwi chololedwa ndi ena ndi:

Gerbil (gologolo wa ku Mongolia)

Gerbil ndi mtundu wachilendo wachilendo ku Brazil chifukwa si kwawo. Ndi mbewa yomwe imakhala ndi zizolowezi zomwe zimafanana ndi hamster. Ngakhale sichimawerengedwa kuti ndi mbewa zapakhomo, imatha kulandiridwa m'malo ophunzitsira oswana.

Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris)

The capybaras ndi a makoswe akulu kwambiri padziko lapansi ndipo imatha kulemera mpaka 91 kg. Amangotengedwa ngati makoswe amphongo malinga ndi IBAMA pafupipafupi komanso kuswana kokwanira, chifukwa amafunikira malo ambiri ndi zosowa zawo zonse. Pokhapokha mutakhala pa famu yosinthidwa ndi izi, sikulimbikitsidwa kuti mukhale ndi pet capybara kunyumba. Tikukulangizani kuti muwerenge zolemba zonse za capybara ngati chiweto.