Zamkati
- Starfish ya dongosolo la Brisingida
- Starfish ya Forcipultida
- Starfish ya dongosolo Paxilosida
- Starfish ya dongosolo la Notomyotida
- Starfish ya dongosolo la Spinulosida
- Starfish ya dongosolo Valvatida
- Starfish ya dongosolo la Velatida
- Zitsanzo zina zamitundu ya starfish
Echinoderms ndi phylum ya nyama yomwe imakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazinyama zam'madzi zokha. Mu PeritoAnimal, tikufuna kukudziwitsani m'nkhaniyi gulu linalake la phylum, lomwe limayimiridwa ndi gulu la Asteroidea, lomwe timadziwa kuti starfish. Kalasiyi ili ndi pafupifupi mitundu chikwi Kugawidwa m'nyanja zonse zapadziko lapansi. Pambuyo pake, gulu lina la echinoderms lotchedwa Ophiuras limatchedwa starfish, komabe, dzinali silolondola, chifukwa, ngakhale ali ndi mbali yofananayo, ndiosiyana misonkho.
Starfish si gulu lachikale kwambiri la ma echinoderms, koma ali ndi mawonekedwe awo onse. Amatha kukhala pagombe, pamiyala kapena pamchenga. Tikukupemphani kuti muwerenge kuti mudziwe zambiri za mitundu ya starfish zomwe zilipo.
Starfish ya dongosolo la Brisingida
Dongosolo la ma brisingidos limafanana ndi starfish yomwe imakhala kumunsi kwenikweni kwa nyanja, makamaka pakati pa 1800 ndi 2400 mita kuya, imagawidwa makamaka ku Pacific Ocean, m'madzi a Caribbean ndi New Zealand, ngakhale mitundu ina imapezeka madera ena. Amatha kukhala ndi mikono ikuluikulu 6 mpaka 20, yomwe amagwiritsa ntchito kudyetsa komanso kusefera komwe kumakhala ndi mitsempha yayitali yopindika ngati singano. Kumbali inayi, ali ndi diski yosunthika yomwe pakamwa pake pamakhala. Sizachilendo kuwona mitundu yamtunduwu pamapiri am'madzi kapena madera omwe mumakhala mafunde osalekeza, chifukwa izi zimathandizira kudyetsa.
Lamulo la Brisingida limapangidwa ndi mabanja awiri Brisingidae ndi Freyellidae, okhala ndi mibadwo 16 yonse komanso zoposa 100 mitundu. Ena mwa iwo ndi awa:
- Brisinga decacnemos
- America novodine
- alireza
- hymenodiscus coronata
- Colpaster edwardsi
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za moyo wa starfish, pitani ku nkhani yathu yokhudza kubalanso kwa starfish, komwe mudzawone momwe imagwirira ntchito ndi zitsanzo.
Starfish ya Forcipultida
Chikhalidwe chachikulu cha dongosololi ndi kupezeka kwa mapangidwe owoneka bwino panyama ya nyama, yomwe imatha kutsegula ndikutseka, yotchedwa pedicelareas, yomwe imawonekera pagululi ndipo imapangidwa ndi phesi lalifupi lomwe limakhala ndi mafupa atatu. Komanso, mapazi oyenda mu maambulansi, omwe ndi ofewa omwe amakonzedwa kumunsi kwa thupi, ali ndi makapu oyamwa osalala. Manja nthawi zambiri amakhala olimba ndipo amakhala ndi ma spokes asanu kapena kupitilira apo. Amagawidwa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, m'madzi otentha komanso ozizira.
Pali kusiyanasiyana kwakamagulu ake, komabe, m'modzi mwa omwe amalandiridwa amaganizira zakupezeka kwa mabanja 7, oposa 60 ndi mitundu pafupifupi 300. Mwa dongosolo ili, timapeza starfish wamba (Asterias rubens), m'modzi woyimira kwambiri, koma titha kupezanso mitundu yotsatirayi:
- Coscinasteria tenuispina
- labidiaster annulatus
- Ampheraster alaminos
- Allostichaster capensis
- Bythiolophus acanthinus
Starfish ya dongosolo Paxilosida
Anthu omwe ali mgululi amakhala ndi mapazi oyenda ngati ma chubu, okhala ndi makapu oyamwa, akakhalapo, ndipo amakhala ndi zochepa nyumba granule pamapale okutira mafupa akumtunda kwa thupi. Ili ndi mikono 5 kapena kupitilira apo, yomwe imathandizira kukumba dothi lamchenga komwe amapezeka. Kutengera mitundu, atha kukhala kuya kosiyanasiyana ndipo ngakhale amakhala mopitilira muyeso.
Lamuloli lidagawidwa m'mabanja 8, genera 46 komanso mitundu yoposa 250. Ena ndi awa:
- Astropecten acanthifer
- Ctenodiscus australis
- ludia bellonae
- Gephyraster Fisher
- Ndondomeko ya Abyssaster
Starfish ya dongosolo la Notomyotida
Inu mapazi oyendetsa galimoto yamtunduwu ya starfish imapangidwa ndi angapo anayi ndipo ali nayo oyamwa pamapeto pake, ngakhale mitundu ina ilibe. Thupi limakhala ndi minyewa yopyapyala komanso yakuthwa, yokhala ndi mikono yopangidwa ndimatumba osinthasintha kwambiri. Diskiyo ndi yaying'ono, kukhalapo kwa ma radiation asanu ndipo pedicel imatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, monga mavavu kapena ma spines. Mitundu ya gululi imakhala madzi akuya.
Lamulo la Notomyotida limapangidwa ndi banja limodzi, Benthopectinidae, ili ndi mibadwo 12 ndi mitundu pafupifupi 75, yomwe titha kunena:
- Acontiaster bandanus
- Benthopecten acanthonotus
- funga echinulatus
- Myonotus intermedius
- Pectinaster Agassizi
Starfish ya dongosolo la Spinulosida
Mamembala a gululi ali ndi matupi osakhwima ndipo monga mawonekedwe apadera alibe ma pedicelarias. Dera la aboral (moyang'anizana ndi kamwa) limakutidwa ndi minga yambiri, yomwe imasiyana pamitundu ina, kukula kwake ndi mawonekedwe ake, komanso dongosolo. Chimbale cha nyamazi nthawi zambiri chimakhala chaching'ono, pomwe pamakhala kuwala kwazitali zisanu ndipo mapazi oyenda ali ndi makapu oyamwa. Malo okhalamo amasiyanasiyana ndipo mwina amapezeka madera ozungulira madzi kapena akuya, onse kumadera otentha, otentha komanso otentha.
Magulu a gululi ndiopikisana, komabe, mbiri yapadziko lonse lapansi yam'madzi imazindikira banja limodzi, Echinasteridae, yokhala ndi m'badwo 8 ndi zoposa 100 mitundu, monga:
- wamagazi Henricia
- Echinaster colemani
- Subulata metrodira
- Violet Odontohenricia
- Rhopiella hirsuta
Starfish ya dongosolo Valvatida
Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya starfish mgululi ili nayo mikono isanu yoboola pakati, momwemo muli mizere iwiri ya mapazi opondaponda ndi ma ossic oyenda, omwe ndi miyala yamiyala yolumikizidwa mkati yomwe imabweretsa kukhazikika ndi chitetezo cha nyama. Amakhalanso ndi ma pedicelarias ndi ma paxillas mthupi. Zomalizazi ndi nyumba zopangidwa ndi maambulera zomwe zimakhala zoteteza, ndi cholinga choteteza madera omwe amadyera komanso kupuma kuti asadodometsedwe ndi mchenga. Dongosolo ili osiyanasiyana ndipo anthu osiyanasiyana kuyambira mamilimita angapo mpaka 75 cm amatha kupezeka.
Lamulo la Valvatida limatsutsana kwambiri pankhani yokhudza misonkho. Chimodzi mwazizindikirochi chimazindikira mabanja 14 ndipo mitundu yoposa 600. Zitsanzo zina ndi izi:
- pentaster obtusatus
- pulotorasi ya nodosus
- mdierekezi clarki
- Alternatus heterozonia
- alireza
Starfish ya dongosolo la Velatida
Nyama za dongosololi zili nazo kawirikawiri matupi olimba, yokhala ndi ma disks akuluakulu. Kutengera mitundu, ali nayo pakati pa mikono 5 mpaka 15 ndipo ambiri a iwo ali ndi mafupa osakhazikika. Pali nsomba zazing'ono, zokhala ndi pakati pakati pa 0,5 ndi 2 cm, ndi zina mpaka 30 cm. Za kukula kwake, kalasiyo imasiyanasiyana pakati pa 5 ndi 15 cm kuchokera mkono umodzi kupita kumzake. Mapazi a Ambulansi amaperekedwa motsatizana ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chikho chokoka bwino. Pedicelaria, nthawi zambiri samakhalapo, koma ngati ali nayo, amakhala ndimagulu aminga. Mitundu ya dongosololi imakhalamo kuya kwakukulu.
Mabanja 5, 25 m'badwo ndi kuzungulira Mitundu 200, mwa omwe anapezeka:
- belyaevostella hispida
- Caymanostella Phorcynis
- Korethraster hispidus
- Asthenactis australis
- Zochita zolimbitsa thupi
Zitsanzo zina zamitundu ya starfish
Kupitilira mitundu ya starfish ofotokozedwa munkhaniyi, ena ambiri amaonekera, monga awa:
- gibbous asterina
- Echinaster sepositus
- Marth ... minga starfish
- Astropecten irregularis
- luidia ciliaris
Starfish ili ndi gawo lofunikira lachilengedwe m'chilengedwe, motero ndizofunika kwambiri mkati mwawo. Komabe, amatha kugwidwa ndi mankhwala, chifukwa sangathe kusefa poizoni amene amalowa m'nyanja kwambiri.
Pali mitundu ingapo yomwe imapezeka kwambiri m'mphepete mwa nyanja yomwe alendo amagwiritsa ntchito ndipo ndizofala kuwona momwe alendo amapita kukaona starfish kuti iwawone ndikujambula, zomwe ndi malingaliro. zovulaza nyama, popeza kumafunika kumizidwa kuti athe kupuma, motero, atangotuluka m'madzi, amafa. Mwa ichi, sitiyenera kutenga nyama izi kumalo awo, titha kuwasilira, nthawi zonse kuwasunga m'madzi osawanyengerera.
Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga zina zambiri zofanana ndi Mitundu ya Starfish, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulowe mu gawo lathu la Curiosities la nyama.