Mitundu ya molluscs: mawonekedwe ndi zitsanzo

Zamkati

• molluscs ndi chiyani
• Molluscs: mawonekedwe
• gulu la molluscs
• Chitsanzo cha nkhono
• 1. Chaetoderma elegans
• 2. Neomenian carinata
• 3. Mphemvu Yam'madzi (Chiton articulatus)
• 4. Antalis vulgaris
• 5. Coquina (Donax trunculus)
• 6. Oyisitara Woyandama waku Europe (Ostrea edulis)
• 7. Caracoleta (Helix aspersa)
• 8.Octopus Wodziwika (Octopus vulgaris)
• Mitundu ina yama molluscs

Inu alireza ndiwo gulu lalikulu la nyama zopanda mafupa, pafupifupi ochulukirapo ngati nyamakazi. Ngakhale ali nyama zosiyana kwambiri, ndizotheka kupeza mawonekedwe ena omwe amawagawa mosiyanasiyana. Kodi mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za iwo?

Munkhaniyi ndi PeritoAnimal, tiyeni tidziwe mitundu ya ma molluscs omwe alipo, mawonekedwe awo ndi gulu lawo, ndipo tidzakhalanso ndi mndandanda wa ma molluscs kuti mudziwe pang'ono za kusiyanasiyana. Pitilizani kuwerenga!

molluscs ndi chiyani

molluscs ali zosawerengeka omwe chiwerengerocho chimakhala chofewa ngati cha ma annelids, koma thupi lake lalikulu siligawika, ngakhale ena atetezedwa ndi chipolopolo. Ndilo gulu lalikulu kwambiri la nyama zopanda mafupa pambuyo pa nyamakazi. Pali za Mitundu 100,000, mwa iwo 60,000 ndi ma gastropods. Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu 30,000 yazakale zakale imadziwikanso.

Zambiri mwa nyamazi ndi molluscs. m'madzibenthicndiye kuti, amakhala kumunsi kwa nyanja. Zina zambiri ndi zapadziko lapansi, monga nkhono zina. Kusiyanasiyana kwakukulu komwe kulipo kumatanthauza kuti nyamazi zakhazikitsa malo ambiri osiyanasiyana chifukwa chake zakudya zonse zimapezeka m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Komanso pezani ku PeritoAnimal mitundu yamiyala yamiyala yam'madzi, yam'madzi ndi yapadziko lapansi.

Molluscs: mawonekedwe

Ma Molluscs ndi gulu losiyana kwambiri, ndipo kupeza zomwe zimafanana ndi onsewo ndi ntchito yovuta. Chifukwa chake, tiwonetsa zomwe zili zofala kwambiri, ngakhale pali zosiyana zambiri:

Thupi la nkhono logawanika ligawika zigawo zinayi zazikulu:

• chovala: ndikuthupi kwa thupi komwe kumatha kuteteza. Chitetezo ichi chimachokera ku chitinous komanso mapuloteni omwe pambuyo pake amapanga miyala yamiyala, ma spikes kapena chipolopolo. Nyama zina zomwe zilibe zipolopolo zimakhala ndi chitetezo cha mankhwala.
• phazi la sitima: imakhala yolimba, yamphamvu komanso yamatenda am'mimba. Kuchokera pamenepo, pamatuluka minofu ingapo yama dorsoventral yomwe imathandizira kubwezera phazi ndikulikonza.
• dera la cephalic: m'chigawo chino timapeza ubongo, pakamwa ndi ziwalo zina zomverera.
• wotumbululuka: apa pali osphradia (ziwalo zolimbitsa thupi), thupi orifices (anus) ndi ma gill, otchedwa ctenids.

O Zida za m'mimba za nkhono ili ndi mawonekedwe ena:

• Mimba: nyamazi zimakhala ndi chimbudzi chakunja. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timasankhidwa ndimatenda am'mimba (hepatopancreas), ndipo enawo amapita m'matumbo kuti apange chopondapo.
• radula: chiwalo ichi, chomwe chili mkamwa, ndi nembanemba yopangidwa ndi tepi yamazino, yothandizidwa ndi odontophore (kusasinthasintha kwamatenda) ndikusunthidwa ndi minofu yolimba. Maonekedwe ake ndi mayendedwe ake amafanana ndi lilime. Mano otentha omwe radula adang'amba chakudya. Mano akalamba ndi kufota amagwa, ndipo yatsopano imatuluka m'thumba. Ambiri a solenogastros alibe radula, ndipo palibe bivalve alibe.

Komabe, kuwonjezera apo, yanu kuzungulira kwa magazi ndi lotseguka, mtima ndi ziwalo zoyandikira zokha ndizomwe zili ndi zotengera. Mtima umagawika awiri atria ndi ventricle. Nyama izi alibe chida chosakira wotsimikiza. Amakhala ndi metanephrids omwe amagwirizana ndi mtima, womwe ndiwofatsa kwambiri, ndikupanga mkodzo woyambirira womwe umabwezeretsedwanso mu nephrids, amenenso ali ndi udindo wowongolera kuchuluka kwa madzi. O njira zoberekera ali ndi ma gonads awiri kutsogolo kwa pericardium. Masewera amatumizidwa kumalo otumbuluka, omwe nthawi zambiri amalumikizidwa ndi nephrids. Molluscs amatha kukhala dioecious kapena hermaphrodite.

gulu la molluscs

Mollusc phylum imagawanika kukhala makalasi asanu ndi atatu, ndipo zonse zili ndi zamoyo. Gulu la molluscs ndi awa:

• Kalasi ya Caudofoveata: ndi molluscs mu mawonekedwe a nyongolotsi. Alibe zipolopolo, koma matupi awo ndi okutidwa ndi ma calcous and aragonitic spikes. Amakhala m'manda pansi mozondoka.
• Kalasi ya Solenogasters: ndi nyama zofanana kwambiri ndi gulu lapitalo, kotero kuti m'mbiri yakale akhala akuphatikizidwa mgulu lomwelo. Amapangidwanso ngati nyongolotsi, koma m'malo mokhala m'manda, amakhala mwaulere munyanja, amadyera a cnidarians. Nyamazi zimakhalanso ndi ma calcareous ndi aragonitic spikes.
• Kalasi ya Monoplacophore: Ndi ma molluscs akale kwambiri. thupi lanu liri yokutidwa ndi chipolopolo chimodzi, pafupifupi theka la mbamu, koma ali ndi phazi lolimba ngati nkhono.
• Kalasi ya Polyplacophora: Poyamba, ndi ofanana ndi mtundu wina wa crustacean, monga armadillos-de-garden. Thupi la ma mollusc awa limakutidwa ndi mbale zingapo zolimbikitsidwa ndi magnetite. Amakhalanso ndi phazi lodana ndi radula.
• Gulu la Scaphopoda: ma molluscs awa ali ndi thupi lalitali kwambiri, komanso chipolopolo chawo, chomwe chimapangidwa ngati nyanga, ndichifukwa chake amadziwika kuti zipolopolo zankhanira. Ndi imodzi mwamagulu odziwika kwambiri am'madzi am'madzi.
• Kalasi ya Bivalvia: bivalves, monga dzina limatanthawuzira, ndi ma molluscs omwe thupi liri pakati pa mavavu awiri kapena zipolopolo. Mavavu awiriwa amayandikira kwambiri chifukwa cha minofu ndi minyewa. Mitundu yodziwika bwino kwambiri ya bivalve molluscs ndi ziphuphu, mamazelo ndi nkhono.
• Gulu la Gastropoda: gastropods amadziwika Nkhonondi slugs, zonse zapadziko lapansi ndi zam'madzi. Ali ndi malo osiyana bwino a cephalic, phazi lamphamvu lokwawa kapena kusambira, ndi chipolopolo chakuthambo. Chigoba ichi mwina sichimapezeka m'mitundu ina.
• Kalasi ya Cephalopoda: gulu la cephalopod limapangidwa octopuses, sepia, squid ndi nautilus. Ngakhale zimawoneka bwanji, zonse zimakhala ndi zipolopolo. Chodziwikiratu ndi nautilus, popeza ndi yakunja. Sepia ndi squid zili ndi chipolopolo chachikulu kapena chocheperako mkati. Chigoba cha octopus chimakhala chachilendo, ndi zingwe ziwiri zokha zopyapyala zomwe zimatsalira mkati mwa thupi lake. Chikhalidwe china chofunikira cha cephalopods ndikuti, mkalasi muno, phazi laminyezi lomwe lili mu molluscs lasinthidwa kukhala mahema. Mutha kukhala ndi pakati pa 8 ndi zopitilira 90 zokulirapo, kutengera mtundu wa mollusc.

Chitsanzo cha nkhono

Tsopano inu mukudziwa makhalidwe ndi gulu la molluscs. Kenako, tifotokoza za ena mitundu ya nkhono ndi zitsanzo:

1. Chaetoderma elegans

zooneka ngati nyongolotsi komanso yopanda chipolopolo, iyi ndi imodzi mwamitundu yama molluscs omwe ali m'kalasi la Caudofoveata. Ili ndi kugawa kotentha m'nyanja ya Pacific. amapezeka pa kuya kwa mamita 50 mamita oposa 1800.

2. Neomenian carinata

Ndipo wina mollusc wonyezimira, koma nthawi ino ndi ya banja la a Solenogastrea. Mitundu iyi yama molluscs imapezeka m'malo akuya pakati pa 10 ndi 565 mita, kukhala momasuka mu Nyanja ya Atlantic, m'mbali mwa Portugal.

3. Mphemvu Yam'madzi (Chiton articulatus)

Mphemvu yam'nyanja ndi mtundu wa alirezaalireza kufalikira ku Mexico. Amakhala m'chigawo chamiyala yamiyala yapakati. Ndi mtundu waukulu, wofikira masentimita 7.5 kutalika pakati pa mitundu ya molluscs.

4. Antalis vulgaris

Ndi mtundu wa scaphopod mollusk ndi chipolopolo chowoneka ngati chotupa kapena nyama. Mtundu wake ndi woyera. Khalani mkati magawo okhala ndi mchenga komanso matope osaya, m'malo ophatikizana. Mitundu ya molluscs imapezeka m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Atlantic ndi Mediterranean.

5. Coquina (Donax trunculus)

Coquinas ndi mtundu wina wa nkhono. Ali kulimbana ang'onoang'ono, nthawi zambiri amakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Atlantic ndi Mediterranean. Amakonda kwambiri zakudya zaku Mediterranean. Amatha kukhala mdera la subtidal pafupi Kutalika mamita 20.

6. Oyisitara Woyandama waku Europe (Ostrea edulis)

Oyisitara ndi amodzi mwa mitundu ya molluscskulimbana ya dongosolo la Ostreoid. Mitunduyi imatha kutalika mpaka masentimita 11 ndipo imabala mayi wa ngale. Amagawidwa kuchokera ku Norway kupita ku Morocco ndi ku Mediterranean. Kuphatikiza apo, amalimidwa mu aquaculture.

Onani zitsanzo za nyama zouluka ndi zopanda mafupa m'nkhaniyi ya PeritoAnimal.

7. Caracoleta (Helix aspersa)

nkhono ndi a mtundu wankhono zam'madzi ndi kupuma kwamapapu, ndiye kuti, ilibe mitsempha ndipo imakhala padziko lapansi. Amafuna chinyezi chochuluka, ndipo akapanda kutero, amabisala mkati mwa chipolopolo kwa nthawi yayitali kuti asawume.

8.Octopus Wodziwika (Octopus vulgaris)

Octopus wamba ndi a cephalopod omwe amakhala kunyanja ya Atlantic ndi Nyanja ya Mediterranean. Imayeza pafupifupi mita imodzi ndipo imatha kusintha mtundu chifukwa cha chromatchire. Ili ndi phindu lalikulu la gastronomy.

Mitundu ina yama molluscs

Kodi mukufuna kudziwa zambiri? Kenako, titchula zina zamoyo wa molluscs:

• Scutopus robustus;
• Scutopus ventrolineatus;
• Laevipilina cachuchensis;
• Laevipilina rolani;
• Mzere wa Tonicella;
• Zovuta Chiton kapena Phantom Chiton (Granular acanthopleura);
• Ditrupa arietin;
• Mtsinje Mussel (margaritifera margaritifera);
• Ngale yam'madzi (galasi lachinsinsi);
• Iberus gualtieranus alonensis;
• Iberus gualtieranus gualtieranus;
• Nkhono Ya ku Africa (Achatina sooty);
• Sepia wamba (Sepia officinalis);
• Nyama yayikulu (Architeuthis dux);
• Nyama yayikulu Pacific (Enteroctopus dofleini);
• Nautilus belauensis.

Dziwani zambiri za nyama, onani nkhani yathu pamitundu yazinkhanira.

Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga zina zambiri zofanana ndi Mitundu ya molluscs: mawonekedwe ndi zitsanzo, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulowe mu gawo lathu la Curiosities la nyama.