Zamkati
- Mitundu ya nkhono zam'madzi
- 1. Conus magus
- 2. Patella Vulgate
- 3. Buccinum undatum
- 4. Haliotis geigeri
- 5. Zoyala za Littorine
- Mitundu ya nkhono zapadziko lapansi
- 1. Helix pomatia
- 2. Helix analalikira
- 3. Fulica Yokhazikika
- 4. Rumina decollata
- 5. Otala punctata
- Mitundu ya nkhono zamadzi
- 1. Potamopyrgus antipodarum
- 2. Pomacea canaliculata
- 3. Leptoxis plicata
- 4. Bythinella batalleri
- 5. Henrigirardia wienini
Nkhono, kapena nkhono, ndi zina mwa nyama zomwe anthu ambiri sazidziwa. Mwambiri, kuganizira za iwo kumabweretsa chithunzi cha kamoyo kakang'ono, wokhala ndi thupi lochepa komanso chipolopolo kumbuyo kwake, koma chowonadi ndichakuti pali zosiyana mitundu ya nkhono, yokhala ndi zinthu zingapo.
khalani m'madzi kapena pamtunda, ma gastropods awa ndi achinsinsi kwa ambiri, ngakhale mitundu ina imakhala yoopsa pazochita za anthu. Kodi mukufuna kudziwa mitundu ya nkhono ndi mayina awo? Kenako mverani nkhani ya PeritoAnimal!
Mitundu ya nkhono zam'madzi
Kodi mumadziwa kuti pali mitundu ina ya nkhono zam'madzi? Ndizowona! Nkhono za m'nyanja, komanso nkhono zapansi komanso zamadzi, ndizo molluscs wam'mimba. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndi amodzi mwaminyama yakale kwambiri padziko lapansi, popeza kukhalapo kwawo kumadziwika kuyambira nthawi ya Cambrian. M'malo mwake, zipolopolo zambiri zam'nyanja zomwe titha kuzipeza ndi mitundu ina ya nkhono zam'madzi zomwe titchulenso.
Nkhono zam'madzi, zomwe zimatchedwanso prosobranchi, amadziwika ndi kukhala ndi thupi lofewa komanso losasinthasintha, kuwonjezera pa chipolopolo chowoneka bwino. Pali mitundu yambirimbiri, yomwe imakhala ndi zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Komabe, nthawi zambiri amadya plankton, algae, corals ndi zinyalala zazomera zomwe amakolola m'miyala. Zina ndi nyama zodya ndipo zimadya ziphuphu kapena nyama zazing'ono zam'madzi.
Mitundu ina imapuma kudzera m'mitsempha, pomwe ina ili ndi mapapo achikale omwe amawalola kutengera mpweya m'mlengalenga. awa ndi ena mitundu ya nkhono zam'madzi ndi mayina awo:
1. Conus magus
kuyitanidwa 'matsenga cone ’, amakhala m'nyanja zikuluzikulu za Pacific ndi Indian.Mitunduyi imadziwika chifukwa kuluma kwake ndi kowopsa ndipo nthawi zina kumapha anthu. Mafinya ake ali ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu zosiyanasiyana za 50,000, zotchedwa conotoxic. Pakadali pano, Conus magus amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu makampani opanga mankhwala, popeza zigawo zikuluzikulu za poizoni wake ndizokhazokha kuti apange mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kupweteka kwa omwe ali ndi khansa ndi HIV, pakati pa matenda ena.
2. Patella Vulgate
Amadziwika kuti wopunduka wamba, kapena patella wonyenga, ndi imodzi mwa mitundu nkhono kuchokera kumadzi akumadzulo kwa Europe. Zimakhala zachilendo kuipeza itakanirira kumiyala m'mphepete mwa nyanja kapena m'madzi osaya, ndichifukwa chake ili m'gulu la mitundu yogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri anthu.
3. Buccinum undatum
Ndi mollusc yomwe ilipo mu Nyanja ya Atlantic, imapezeka m'madzi a United Kingdom, France ndi North America, komwe imakonda kukhala m'malo otentha madigiri 29. Mitunduyi sichilekerera mpweya, motero thupi lake limatha kuuma likachotsedwa m'madzi kapena kutsukidwa ndi mafunde.
4. Haliotis geigeri
Amadziwika kuti makutu am'nyanja kapena abalone, ma molluscs am'banja Haliotidae amayamikiridwa pantchito zophikira padziko lonse lapansi. O Haliotis geigeri amapezeka m'madzi ozungulira São Tomé ndi Príncipe. Amadziwika ndi chipolopolo chowulungika chomwe chimazungulira kangapo. Imakhala pamiyala, pomwe imadya chakudya cham'madzi ndi algae.
5. Zoyala za Littorine
Amatchedwanso nkhono, ndi nkhono zomwe zimakhala m'nyanja ya Atlantic ndipo zimapezeka zochuluka m'malo ozungulira North America komanso kumadzulo kwa Europe. Amadziwika ndi kupereka chipolopolo chosalala chomwe chimapanga kuzungulira kulowera mbali yomwe ikutuluka kwambiri. Amakhala pamiyala, koma sizachilendo kuwapeza pansi pamabwato.
Mitundu ya nkhono zapadziko lapansi
Inu nkhono zapansi ndi odziwika kwambiri kwa anthu. Amadziwika pokhala ndi thupi lofewa lomwe limawoneka bwino kuposa abale awo am'madzi, kuwonjezera pa chipolopolo chawo chosapeweka. Mitundu yambiri imakhala ndi mapapo, ngakhale nkhono zina zimakhala ndi ma gill; chifukwa chake, ngakhale amawonedwa ngati apadziko lapansi, ayenera kukhala m'malo okhala lonyowa.
ali ndi ntchofu kapena drool imachokera pathupi lofewa, ndipo ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizitha kuyenda pamtunda uliwonse, zikhale zosalala kapena zosalala. Amakhalanso ndi tinyanga tating'ono kumapeto kwa mutu wawo komanso ubongo wakale kwambiri. Izi ndi zina mwa mitundu ya nkhono zapansi:
1. Helix pomatia
Amatchedwanso escargot, ndi nkhono wamba wam'munda wofalitsidwa kwambiri ku Europe. Imafika pafupifupi masentimita 4 kutalika kwake ndipo mtundu wake umasiyanasiyana mumitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bulauni. O helix pomatia Ndiwopatsa thanzi, amadya zipatso, masamba, msuzi ndi maluwa. Zizoloŵezi zake zimakhala usiku ndipo m'nyengo yozizira imakhala yosagwira ntchito kwenikweni.
2. Helix analalikira
O Helix asefera, wotchedwa nkhono, imagawidwa m'malo ambiri padziko lapansi, kukhala kotheka kuti ipezeke ku North ndi South America, Oceania, Europe, South Africa ndi gawo lina la British Isles. Ndi mphodza ndipo nthawi zambiri imapezeka m'minda ndi m'minda. Komabe, ukhoza kukhala mliri pazochita za anthu, chifukwa imagunda mbewu. Zotsatira zake, mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera akuwononga chilengedwe.
3. Fulica Yokhazikika
Mwa mitundu ina ya nkhono zapansi, a nkhono yayikulu yaku Africa (Achatina sooty) ndi mtundu womwe umapezeka m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Tanzania ndi Kenya, koma wapezeka m'malo osiyanasiyana otentha padziko lapansi. Pambuyo poyambitsa mokakamizidwa, idakhala tizilombo.
Ndipatseni pakati pa 10 ndi 30 sentimita Kutalika kwake, kokhala ndi chipolopolo chowonekera chokhala ndi mikwingwirima ya bulauni ndi yachikaso, pomwe thupi lake lofewa limakhala ndi mitundu yofiirira. Ili ndi zizolowezi zakusiku komanso a zakudya zosiyanasiyana: zomera, zovunda, mafupa, ndere, ndere komanso miyala, yomwe imadya posaka calcium.
4. Rumina decollata
Amadziwika kuti nkhono (rumina decollata), iyi ndi nkhono yamaluwa yomwe imapezeka ku Europe, gawo lina la Africa ndi North America. NDI wodya nyama ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito nkhono zina zam'munda, motero tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Monga mitundu ina ya nkhono zapadziko lapansi, ntchito yake imakula usiku. Komanso, amakonda nyengo zamvula.
5. Otala punctata
nkhono kabichi é kudera lakumadzulo kwa Mediterranean, komabe, tsopano ndizotheka kuipeza m'maiko angapo ku South America, kuphatikiza ku United States ndi Algeria. Ndi mitundu yodziwika bwino yamaluwa, yomwe imadziwika ndi chipolopolo chazithunzi chokhala ndimithunzi yakuda ndi madontho oyera. O Otala punctate ndi mphodza, ndipo amadyetsa masamba, maluwa, zidutswa za zipatso ndi zotsalira zazomera.
Mitundu ya nkhono zamadzi
Mwa nkhono zomwe zimakhala kunja kwa nyanja, pali mitundu yambirimbiri yomwe imakhala m'madzi oyera a mitsinje, nyanja ndi mayiwe. Momwemonso, ali m'gulu la mitundu ya nkhono zam'madzi, ndiye kuti, amatha kuleredwa ngati ziweto, bola ngati zinthu zokwanira zitaperekedwa kuti azikhala moyo wofanana ndi womwe akanakhala nawo m'chilengedwe.
awa ndi ena mitundu ya nkhono zamadzi ndi mayina awo:
1. Potamopyrgus antipodarum
Amadziwika kuti Nkhono yamatope ku New Zealand, ndi mtundu wa nkhono zam'madzi zopezeka ku New Zealand koma tsopano zopezeka ku Australia, Europe ndi North America. Ili ndi chipolopolo chachitali chokhala ndi mawonekedwe omveka bwino, komanso thupi loyera ndi imvi. Amadyetsa zinyalala zazomera, algae ndi diatoms.
2. Pomacea canaliculata
Amalandira dzina lodziwika la msewu ndipo ili m'gulu la mitundu yofala kwambiri ya Nkhono zam'madzi. Poyamba idagawidwa m'madzi ozizira aku South America, ngakhale masiku ano ndizotheka kuwapeza m'madzi oyera kutali ngati aku Japan, Australia ndi India.
Ili ndi zakudya zosiyanasiyana, zopsereza ndere zomwe zimapezeka pansi pa mitsinje ndi nyanja, zinyalala zamtundu uliwonse, nsomba ndi ma crustaceans ena. mitundu ukhoza kukhala mliri kwa anthu, chifukwa imagwiritsa ntchito mpunga wolimidwa ndikukhala ndi tiziromboti tomwe timakhudza makoswe.
3. Leptoxis plicata
O Leptoxis plicata, wotchedwa nkhono plicata (miyala), ndi mitundu yamadzi opanda mchere yomwe imapezeka ku Alabama (United States), koma pano imangolembedwa ku Locust Fork, imodzi mwamagawo amtsinje wa Black Warrior. Mitunduyi ili mkati ngozi yowonongeka yayikulu. Ziwopsezo zake zazikulu ndikusintha komwe kumachitika chifukwa chazomwe anthu amachita, monga ulimi, migodi komanso kusokeretsa mitsinje.
4. Bythinella batalleri
Ngakhale ilibe dzina lodziwika bwino, nkhono zamtunduwu zimakhala mu madzi abwino a spain, komwe imalembetsedwa m'malo 63 osiyanasiyana. Amapezeka mumitsinje ndi akasupe. Amadziwika kuti ndi amtundu wopanda nkhawa, chifukwa mitsinje yambiri yomwe amakhala imawuma chifukwa cha kuipitsa komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kwa aquifer.
5. Henrigirardia wienini
Mitunduyi ilibe dzina lodziwika mu Chipwitikizi, koma ndi gastropod mollusk. Madzi atsopano apansi kuchokera kuchigwa cha Hérault kumwera kwa France. Mitunduyi imawerengedwa kuti ili pachiwopsezo chachikulu ndipo pali kuthekera kuti yatayika kale kuthengo. Chiwerengero cha anthu omwe alipo pano sichikudziwika.
Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga zina zambiri zofanana ndi Mitundu ya nkhono: zam'madzi ndi zapadziko lapansi, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulowe mu gawo lathu la Curiosities la nyama.