Zamkati
- Chiyambi cha Kodiak Bear
- Kuwonekera ndi Kapangidwe ka Giant Bear waku Alaska
- Kodiak Bear Khalidwe
- Kodiak Kubereka
- Mkhalidwe wosungira chimbalangondo cha Kodiak
O kodiak chimbalangondo (Ursus arctos middendorffi). Nyamazi zimadziwika kuti ndi zazikulu komanso zamphamvu kwambiri, chifukwa ndi imodzi mwazinyama zazikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi, komanso chimbalangondo.
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za nyamayi, tikukupemphani kuti mupitilize kuwerenga pepala ili la Petito, lomwe tikambirane chiyambi, zakudya ndi kubereka wa Chimbalangondo cha Kodiak.
Gwero- America
- U.S
Chiyambi cha Kodiak Bear
Monga tafotokozera kale, Kodiak Bear ndi grizzly chimbalangondo (Ursus arctos), mtundu wa banja Ursidae omwe amakhala ku Eurasia ndi North America ndipo ali ndi ma subspecies opitilira 16 omwe amadziwika pano. Makamaka, zimbalangondo za Kodiak ndizo Anthu Akumwera kwa Alaska ndi madera oyambira monga Chilumba cha Kodiak.
Poyambirira Kodiak Bear anafotokozedwa kuti ndi mtundu watsopano ya chimbalangondo wolemba zachilengedwe waku America wolemba zachilengedwe komanso katswiri wa zanyama wotchedwa CH Merriam. Dzina lake loyamba lasayansi linali Ursus wapakatikati, wotchulidwa ndi katswiri wazachilengedwe ku Baltic wotchedwa Dr. A. Th Von Middendorff. Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, atafufuza mwatsatanetsatane za taxonomic, zimbalangondo zonse zochokera ku North America zimagawidwa m'mitundu yomweyo: Ursus arctos.
Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufuku wambiri wazamtunduwu watheketsa kuzindikira kuti chimbalangondo cha Kodiak ndi "chokhudzana ndi chibadwa" ndi zimbalangondo za ku United States, kuphatikiza iwo omwe amakhala pachilumba cha Alaska, komanso zimbalangondo za ku Russia. Ngakhale palibe maphunziro omaliza panobe, chifukwa cha mitundu yochepa ya majini, Zimbalangondo za Kodiak zikuyembekezeka kuti zidakhala zokhazokha kwazaka zambiri (makamaka kuyambira nthawi yachisanu yomaliza, yomwe idachitika zaka 12,000 zapitazo). Mofananamo, sizingatheke kuzindikira kuperewera kwa chitetezo cha mthupi kapena kupunduka kobadwa nako komwe kumachokera ku kubereketsa mu subspecies.
Kuwonekera ndi Kapangidwe ka Giant Bear waku Alaska
Kodiak Bear ndi nyama yayikulu kwambiri, yomwe imatha kutalika mpaka kufota pafupifupi mita 1.3. Kuphatikiza apo, imatha kufikira 3 mita ndi miyendo iwirindiye kuti ikapeza bipedal position. Amadziwikanso kuti ndi olimba kwambiri, pofala kuti akazi azilemera pafupifupi 200 kg, pomwe amuna amafika kuposa 300 makilogalamu thupi. Zimbalangondo zachimuna za Kodiak zolemera makilogalamu opitilira 600 zalembedwa kuthengo, ndipo munthu wotchedwa "Clyde", yemwe amakhala ku North Dakota Zoo, wafika pa 950 kg.
Chifukwa cha nyengo yovuta yomwe iyenera kukumana nayo, malo ogulitsira a Kodiak Bear 50% yolemera thupi lanu mu mafutaKomabe, mwa akazi omwe ali ndi pakati, mtengowu umaposa 60%, chifukwa amafunikira mphamvu yayikulu yopulumuka ndikuyamwitsa ana awo. Kuphatikiza pa kukula kwake kwakukulu, chinthu china chochititsa chidwi cha zimbalangondo za Kodiak ndi chawo wandiweyani ubweya, ozolowereka bwino nyengo ya chilengedwe chake. Ponena za mitundu ya malaya, zimbalangondo za Kodiak nthawi zambiri zimachokera pamitundu yakuda ndi lalanje mpaka bulauni yakuda. M'zaka zoyambirira za moyo, ana agalu nthawi zambiri amavala m'khosi mwawo zotchedwa "mphete yachibadwidwe".
Zimbalangondo zazikuluzikulu za ku Alaska zimawonetsanso zikhadabo zazikulu, zakuthwa kwambiri komanso zochotseka.
Kodiak Bear Khalidwe
Zimbalangondo za Kodiak zimakonda kunyamula moyo wosungulumwa m'malo awo, amakumana munthawi yoswana komanso pamikangano yapadera mdera. Komanso, chifukwa ali ndi malo ocheperako, chifukwa amapita makamaka kumadera omwe madzi amchere amakhala ndi nsomba, sizachilendo kuona magulu a zimbalangondo za Kodiak m'mbali mwa mitsinje ya Alaska ndi chilumba cha Kodiak. Akuti "mtundu uwu wa"kulolerana yake"atha kukhala mtundu wazikhalidwe zosintha, chifukwa pochepetsa kumenyera nkhondo mderali, zimbalangondo zimatha kudya bwino, chifukwa chake, zimakhalabe athanzi komanso olimba kubereka ndikupitiliza kuchuluka kwa anthu.
Ponena za chakudya, zimbalangondo za Kodiak ndi nyama zopatsa chidwi zomwe zakudya zawo zimaphatikizirapo kuyambira pano msipu, mizu ndi zipatso zofanana ndi Alaska, ngakhale Pacific nsomba ndi nyama wapakati komanso wokulirapo, monga zisindikizo, mphalapala ndi agwape. Amathanso kudya ndere ndi nyama zopanda mafupa zomwe zimadzikundikira pagombe nyengo yotentha kwambiri. Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa munthu m'malo ake, makamaka pachilumba cha Kodiak, ena zizolowezi zopindulitsa zawonetsedwa mu subspecies izi. Chakudya chikasowa, zimbalangondo za Kodiak zomwe zimakhala pafupi ndi mizinda kapena matauni zimatha kuyandikira m'matawuni kukalanditsa zinyalala za anthu.
Zimbalangondo sizikhala ndi tulo tokwanira monga nyama zina zobisira monga nyongolotsi, mahedgehogi ndi agologolo. Kwa zinyama zazikuluzikulu, zamphamvu izi, kutha tokha kumafunikira mphamvu zambiri kuti zikhazikitse kutentha kwa thupi pakufika masika. Popeza mtengo wamafutawo sungakhale wodalirika kwa nyama, kuyika ngakhale kupulumuka kwake pachiwopsezo, zimbalangondo za Kodiak sizimangobisala, koma zimakhala ndi mtundu wa kugona m'nyengo yozizira. Ngakhale zimafanana ndi njira zamagetsi, nthawi yachisanu kugona kwa kutentha kwa thupi la zimbalangondo kumangotsika pang'ono, kulola kuti nyamayo igone nthawi yayitali m'mapanga ake ndikupulumutsa mphamvu zambiri nthawi yachisanu.
Kodiak Kubereka
Mwambiri, ma grizzly bear subspecies onse, kuphatikiza chimbalangondo cha Kodiak, amakhala okhaokha komanso okhulupirika kwa anzawo. Mu nyengo iliyonse yokwatirana, munthu aliyense amapeza mnzake, mpaka m'modzi wa iwo amwalira. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizotheka kuti nyengo zingapo zimadutsa osakwatirana pambuyo pa imfa ya wokondedwa wawo, kufikira atakhala okonzeka kulandira wokondedwa wawo watsopano.
Nthawi yoswana ya chimbalangondo cha Kodiak imachitika pakati pa miyezi ya Meyi ndi Juni, pakufika masika kumpoto chakumadzulo. Akakwatirana, maanja nthawi zambiri amakhala limodzi kwa milungu ingapo, akumapezerapo mwayi wopuma ndikutola chakudya chokwanira. Komabe, akazi achedwetsa kudzala, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mazira omwe ali ndi umunawo amatsatira khoma la chiberekero ndipo amakula miyezi ingapo atakwatirana, nthawi zambiri nthawi yakugwa.
Monga nyama zambiri, zimbalangondo za Kodiak ndizinyama zamoyo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti umuna ndi kukula kwa ana kumachitika m'mimba. Ana agalu nthawi zambiri amabadwa kumapeto kwa nthawi yozizira, mkati mwa Januware ndi Marichi, m khola lomwelo momwe amayi awo amkagona tulo tachisanu. Nthawi zambiri wamkazi amabereka ana awiri mpaka anayi pakubadwa kulikonse. Amabadwa ndi magalamu pafupifupi 500 ndipo amakhala ndi makolo awo mpaka zaka zitatuza moyo, ngakhale amangofika kukhwima ali ndi zaka 5.
Kodiak zimbalangondo zili ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu akufa mwa ana a grizzly bear subspecies, mwina chifukwa cha chilengedwe cha malo awo komanso nkhanza za amuna kwa ana awo. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe zimalepheretsa kukula kwa mitunduyo, komanso kusaka "masewera".
Mkhalidwe wosungira chimbalangondo cha Kodiak
Chifukwa cha zovuta za malo ake komanso malo ake munthawi ya chakudya, chimbalangondo cha Kodiak chilibe nyama zachilengedwe. Monga tanena, amuna amtunduwu nawonso amatha kukhala olusa ana chifukwa chazandale. Komabe, kupatula machitidwewa, zowopsa zokha za chimbalangondo cha Kodiak ndizo kusaka ndi kudula mitengo mwachisawawa. Kusaka masewera kumayendetsedwa ndi malamulo kudera la Alaska. Chifukwa chake, kukhazikitsidwa kwa National Parks kwakhala kofunikira posungira zachilengedwe zambiri, kuphatikizapo kodiak chimbalangondo, monga kusaka ndikoletsedwa m'malo otetezedwawa.