Kusiyana pakati pa alpaca ndi llama

Zamkati

• alpaca ndi llama
• Kufanana pakati pa llamas ndi alpaca
• Ma camelids aku South America
• Kusiyana pakati pa llama ndi alpaca
• Llama VS Alpaca
• Alpaca (Vicugna pacos)
• llama (glama matope)
• Vicuña (Vicugna vicugna)
• Guanaco (Lama guanicoe)
• Trivia yokhudza ma camelids aku South America

Llama ndi alpaca ndi nyama zachilengedwe za m'mapiri a Andes ndipo ndizofunikira kwambiri m'maiko. Chifukwa chakusakanikirana komanso kutha kwa ma camelids aku South America panthawi yakuukira kwa Spain, kwazaka zambiri sizimadziwika kuti ndi ndani enieni. magwero a llama, alpaca ndi nyama zina za banja limodzi. Ngakhale magwero awa afotokozedwa kale, sizachilendo kufuna kudziwa zomwe Kusiyana pakati pa alpaca ndi llama chifukwa cha kufanana kwawo kooneka.

Chifukwa chake, patsamba ili la PeritoAnimal, ndi zidziwitso zonse zomwe tapeza, mumvetsetsanso kuti kudziwa kusiyanitsa pakati pa alpaca ndi llama, ndikofunikira kudziwa abale awo aku Andes: a vicuna ndi guanaco. Wawa, ndakondwera kukumana nanu!

alpaca ndi llama

Kuphatikiza pa cuteness wamba, chisokonezo pakati llama ndi alpaca ndizomveka bwino popeza onse awiri ndi amtundu umodzi wa Camelidae, womwe umafanananso ndi ngamila, ma dromedaries, vicuña ndi guanaco - zonse ndizinyama zojambula zowala.

Kufanana pakati pa llamas ndi alpaca

Zina mwazinthu zomwe zingatipangitse kusokoneza llama ndi alpaca ndi izi:

• Malo okhala wamba;
• Zakudya zopatsa thanzi;
• Amayenda mu ziweto;
• Makhalidwe abwino;
• Amalavulira akalipa;
• Maonekedwe akuthupi;
• Chovala chofewa.

Ma camelids aku South America

Malinga ndi nkhaniyi "Systematics, taxonomy ndi kuweta ma alpaca ndi ma llamas: umboni watsopano wa chromosomal ndi maselo", lofalitsidwa mu Chilean Journal of Natural History ^[1], Ku South America kuli mitundu inayi ya ma camelids aku South America, awiri mwa iwo ndi achilengedwe ndipo awiri amakhala oweta, ndi awa:

• Guanaco(Lama guanicoe);
• Llama (matope okongola);
• Vicuna(Vicugna vicugna);
• Alpaca(Vicuna pacos).

M'malo mwake, monga tionera pansipa, ngakhale kufanana ndi kutchuka, llama ili ngati guanaco, monganso alpaca ili ngati vicuña, kuposa kufanana pakati llama x alpaca.

Kusiyana pakati pa llama ndi alpaca

Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa llama ndi alpaca ndikuti achokera mitundu yosiyanasiyana: Glama matope ndi Vicuna pacos. Chiyambi cha llamas ndi alpaca ndi nkhani yotsutsana pakati pa akatswiri. Monga tafotokozera, kuchuluka kwa ma hybridization kunapangitsa kuti kuphunzira za mitunduyo kukhale kovuta kwambiri. Ngakhale kufanana, malinga ndi nkhani yomwe yatchulidwa mu Revista Chilena de História Natural ^[1], kunena mwachibadwa, Ma guanacos ali pafupi ndi llamas, pomwe ma vicuñas ali pafupi ndi alpaca pamlingo wa chromosomal ndi taxonomic.

Llama VS Alpaca

Ngakhale zili choncho, popanda kuyang'ana DNA, pali kusiyana pakati pa alpaca ndi llama:

• Kukula: alpaca mwachidziwikire ndi wocheperako kuposa llama. Zomwezo zimapita kulemera, ma llam ndi olemera kuposa ma alpaca;
• Khosi: zindikirani kuti ma llamas amakhala atakhazikika nthawi yayitali ndipo amatha kupitilira kukula kwa munthu wamkulu;
• Makutu: pomwe ma llamas amakhala ndi makutu owongoka, ma alpaca amakhala ozungulira kwambiri;
• Mphuno: alpaca ali ndi mphuno yayitali kwambiri, yotumphuka kwambiri;
• Malaya: ubweya wa llama ndiwokhwimitsa;
• Umunthu: ma alpaca amanyazi mozungulira anthu, pomwe ma llamas amadziwika kuti ndi ochezeka komanso 'olimba mtima'.

Alpaca (Vicugna pacos)

Alpaca zoweta akuti zidayamba zaka 6,000 kapena 7,000 zapitazo ku Andes ku Peru. Masiku ano amapezeka ku Chile, Andes Bolivia ndi Peru, komwe kuli anthu ambiri.

• Zoweta;
• Wamng'ono kuposa llama;
• Mitundu 22 yamitundu yoyera yoyera mpaka yakuda (kudzera bulauni ndi imvi);
• Kutalika, chovala chofewa.

akumveka wocheperako ndi llama, kuyeza pakati pa 1.20 m mpaka 1.50 m ndipo akhoza yolemera mpaka 90 kg. Mosiyana ndi llama, alpaca sagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nyama yonyamula. Komabe, ulusi wa ubweya wa alpaca umayendetsanso chuma chamderali masiku ano ndipo ulusi wake umawerengedwa kuti ndi 'wofunika kwambiri' kuposa llama.

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi ma llamas, ma alpaca amadziwikanso chifukwa chalavulira momwe amadzitetezera, ngakhale ali nyama yofatsa. Huacaya ndi Suri ndi awa mafuko awiri kuchokera ku Vicugna Pacos ndipo amasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wa malaya.

llama (glama matope)

Llama, nawonso, ndiye Chowopsa kwambiri ku South America, Kulemera mpaka 150 kg. Bolivia pakadali pano ili ndi ma llamas ambiri, koma amathanso kupezeka ku Argentina, Chile, Peru ndi Ecuador.

• Camelid wamkulu kwambiri ku South America;
• Amatha kukula mpaka 1.40 ndikulemera mpaka 150 kg;
• Zoweta;
• Kutalika, chovala chansalu;
• Mtundu kuyambira yoyera mpaka yakuda.

Kafukufuku akuyerekeza kuti kwa zaka zosachepera 6,000 the llama anali kale wowetedwa ku Andes ndi a Inca (zonyamula katundu ndi ubweya waubweya), zidasunthira chuma chakomweko ndikuperekeza magulu ankhondo achifumu, zomwe zidathandizira kuti zigawidwe m'chigawo chonse. Ngakhale masiku ano, malaya ake amtundu waubweya wautali, wobiriwira mosiyanasiyana kuyambira pagulu loyera mpaka lakuda ndi komwe kumathandiza mabanja am'madera amenewa.

Monga ma alpaca, amadya udzu, udzu ndi udzu. ngakhale wanu wodekha komanso wodekha, amatha kupsa mtima mosavuta ndikuyetsemula pazomwe zawabweretsa mdziko muno.

Vicuña (Vicugna vicugna)

Ngakhale alibe ubale, ena amasokonezeranso ma vicunas ndi antelope aku North America (Antelope, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo, kukula kwake ndi mayendedwe awo). Amakonda kuyenda m'magulu am'mabanja kapena amuna, ndizosowa kuwona vicuña akungoyendayenda okha, koma akawonedwa, nthawi zambiri amakhala amuna okhaokha opanda ziweto.

• Mitundu yaying'ono kwambiri m'banja, yolemera kutalika kwa 1.30m ndikulemera mpaka 40 kg;
• Mdima wofiirira wofiirira pamsana woyera, mimba ndi ntchafu, nkhope yowala;
• Mano omwe amafanana ndi amphaka;
• Zogawanika kwambiri;
• Wamtchire.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wofalitsidwa ndi Cristián Bonacic ^[2], mwa ma camelid a Andes, vicuna ndi amene ali kukula kocheperako (Imayeza kutalika kwa 1.30 m kutalika ndi kulemera kwakukulu kwa 40 kg). Kuphatikiza pa kukula kwake, chinthu china chomwe chimasiyanitsa mitundu ya banja lake ndi matumba ake ogawanikana kwambiri, omwe amalola kuti iziyenda mwachangu komanso mwachangu pamapiri otsetsereka ndi miyala yosalala puna, malo ake okhalamo. Mano ake, omwe amafanana ndi makoswe, nawonso amawasiyanitsa ndi mitundu ina. Ndi chithandizo chawo pomwe iwo amadya zitsamba ndi udzu wapafupi ndi nthaka.

Nthawi zambiri amakhala m'madera a Andean (pakati pa Peru, kumadzulo kwa Bolivia, kumpoto kwa Chile ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Argentina) omwe amakhala mpaka 4,600 mita pamwamba pa nyanja. Chovala chake chodziwika bwino chimadziwika kuti ndi ubweya wabwino kwambiri womwe umamuteteza ku kuzizira kwamderali, koma udalinso ndi malonda ambiri kuyambira nthawi ya pre-Columbian.

Vicuna ndi kamwana kamene kamakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotayika chifukwa cha kusaka kosaloledwa. Koma kuwonjezera pa anthu, agalu owetedwa, nkhuku ndi nkhandwe ku Andean ndi ena mwa nyama zomwe zimakonda kudya.

Guanaco (Lama guanicoe)

Guanaco imatha kuwonedwa m'malo ouma komanso ouma kwambiri ku South America (Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia, Chile, Argentina) pamtunda wokwera mpaka 5,200 mita, ndipo pano Peru ndi dziko lomwe limapezeka kwambiri.

• Artiodactyl wamtchire wamkulu ku South America;
• Amayeza mpaka 1.30m ndipo amatha kulemera mpaka 90kg;
• Kujambula kumatha kukhala ndi utoto wosiyanasiyana wokhala ndi malaya oyera pachifuwa ndi pamimba;
• Nkhope yakuda;
• Makutu akukweza;
• Maso akulu abulauni;
• Chovala chachifupi;
• Wamtchire.

Amadziwika ndi chovala chachifupi, komanso ndimakutu ang'onoang'ono, osongoka komanso maso abuluu. Mbali ina ya Matope a Guanicoe chodziwikiratu ndi kuyenda kwake mwamphamvu komanso kuti atha kupita masiku anayi opanda madzi.

Trivia yokhudza ma camelids aku South America

Onse amatulutsa chimbudzi ndikukodza ’Milu ya ndowe m’dera’, kuchokera pagulu lanu kapena lina, lomwe limatha kukhala lokulirapo phazi komanso mulifupi mwake mita inayi. Pazachilengedwe, zimadziwika kuti m'malo mwa milu ya ndowe ndi pee, nyengo yamvula ikamamera, masamba obiriwira komanso owala amakula, atayima kunja kwa puna.