Zamkati
- Makhalidwe a mileme
- Kodi mileme imakonda kukhala kuti?
- Kodi mileme imawona bwanji?
- Kodi mileme ndi khungu?
- Mileme yomwe imadya magazi
Pali chikhulupiriro chofala chakuti mileme ndi akhungu, chifukwa chokhoza kusuntha, kudzera mu echolocation, zomwe zimawapatsa mawonekedwe oyenera ngakhale usiku. Komabe, kodi ndizowona kuti mileme ndi yakhungu? Malingaliro openya a nyama zamapiko izi ndi osiyana ndi a anthu, ndipo ali ndi kuthekera kwina komwe kumawathandiza kukhala ndi moyo wabwino kwambiri.
Mukufuna kudziwa momwe mileme imawonera? Munkhaniyi ndi PeritoZinyama tikambirana mozama za masomphenya awo ndi kuthekera kopambana kwa nyamazi. Kuwerenga bwino!
Makhalidwe a mileme
Pali zoposa mitundu chikwi cha mileme padziko lapansi, onse okhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera. Komabe, mitunduyi imagawana zina, monga kukula kwake, komwe kumatha kusiyanasiyana. pakati pa 30 ndi 35 sentimita kutalika, ndi kulemera kwake, komwe sikupitilira magalamu 100. Komabe, pali zina zosiyana, monga Mleme wagolide waku Philippines (Acerodon jubatus), yomwe imatha kufikira 1.5 mita m'litali, ndi nkhandwe zouluka (Pteropus giganteus), yomwe imakhala ku Asia ndi Oceania ndipo imatha kufikira pafupifupi 2 mita m'mapiko.
Matupi a mileme amakhala ndi ubweya waufupi womwe umawathandiza kupirira kutentha pang'ono. Kuphatikiza apo, zala zakutsogolo za nyama izi zimalumikizidwa ndi a nembanemba yoonda kwambiri zomwe zimawathandiza kuti aziuluka mosavuta.
Kudyetsa kumasiyanasiyana mitundu ndi mitundu. Mitundu ina ya mileme imangodya zipatso, pomwe ina imakonda tizilombo, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tating'ono, zinyama, mbalame, ndipo zina zimadya magazi.
Kodi mileme imakonda kukhala kuti?
Inu mileme amakhala kulikonse, kupatula m'malo omwe kutentha kumakhala kotsika kwambiri. Chofala kwambiri ndikuwapeza m'malo otentha komanso otentha, komwe amakhala mitengo ndi mapanga, ngakhale amathawira ku ming'alu yamakoma ndi mitengo ikuluikulu.
Ngati mumawaopa, m'nkhaniyi mupeza momwe mungawopsyezere mileme.
Kodi mileme imawona bwanji?
Mileme imakhala ndi imodzi mwazinthu zodabwitsa kwambiri zolumikizirana m'chilengedwe. Ali ndi kuthekera kotchedwa echolocation, zomwe zimawathandiza kuti azitha kuona zinthu zosiyanasiyana chifukwa cha phokoso lochepa. Makina a echolocation ndi ovuta. Zomwe zimawonedwa ndikuti mileme imatha kusiyanitsa pakati pazizindikiro zolowera ndi zotulutsa. Zotsatira zake, amatumiza ndi landirani zambiri munthawi yomweyo, monga momwe munthu amvera mawu awo kudzera pachimvekere.
Kodi mileme imaona bwanji? Kwakukulukulu, kudzera mu dongosolo la echolocation, lomwe limatheka chifukwa cha kusintha kwamatomu angapo komwe kumakutu ndi kholingo, komwe timawonjezera chodabwitsa malo amene ali. Nyamayo imatulutsa ultrasound yomwe imayambira mumphongo ndipo imathamangitsidwa kudzera pamphuno kapena pamphuno. Makutuwo amatenga mafunde omwe amachokera kuzinthu zozungulira ndipo, motero, mileme imadziyang'ana yokha.
Pali mitundu ingapo yamaphunziro, koma mileme imagwiritsa ntchito echolocation yayikulu: imalola kupeza chidziwitso chokhudza mayendedwe ndi malo a nyama yomwe yadyedwa. Amatulutsa mawuwa mosalekeza kwinaku akumvetsera pafupipafupi phokoso lomwe amalandira.
Ngakhale kuti ali ndi luso lotere, pali tizilombo tomwe tapanga zizolowezi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuzilombo zawo kuzipeza, chifukwa zimatha kuletsa ultrasound ndipo sizimapanga ma echoes. Ena amatha pangani zojambula zanu zokha kusokoneza zinyama zouluka izi.
Kodi mileme ndi khungu?
Ngakhale pali nkhani komanso zonena zabodza za mileme komanso khungu lawo, dziwani kuti ayi, nyama zoyamwitsa izi sali akhungu. M'malo mwake, amatha kuwona bwino kuposa nyama zina, ngakhale siziposa kuthekera kwa anthu kuwona.
Komabe, ndiwo nyama zokha zoyamwitsa amatha kuwona kuwala kwa dzuwa ndikuigwiritsa ntchito poyang'ana munthu. Kuphatikiza apo, masomphenya a nyamazi amawalola kuti aziuluka maulendo ataliatali ndikudziyang'ana okha, popeza ndizosatheka kugwiritsa ntchito echolocation pazolinga izi, kotero kuti amangogwiritsa ntchito kuyenda mtunda waufupi mumdima.
M'mbuyomu, amakhulupirira kuti maso a mileme ali ndi ndodo zokha, zomwe ndi maselo a photoreceptor omwe amawalola kuti aziwona mumdima. Zadziwika tsopano kuti, ngakhale maso awo ndi ang'onoang'ono, amakhalanso ndi ma cones, omwe akuwonetsa kuti amatha kuwona masana. Komabe, izi sizimasokoneza moyo wanu wausiku, chifukwa mileme imazindikira kusintha kwamiyeso.
Kodi mudamvapo mawu akuti "wakhungu ngati mileme"? Inde, tsopano mukudziwa kuti akulakwitsa, chifukwa mileme si yakhungu ndipo zimadalira kwambiri maso anu monga kutsegulira kuti adziwongolere ndikumvetsetsa zomwe zikuchitika mozungulira iwo.
Mileme yomwe imadya magazi
Mileme imalumikizidwa ndi nthano zowopsa komanso zokayikitsa. Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti mitundu yonse ya nyama zoyamwitsa zimadya magazi, zomwe sizowona. Ku Brazil, mwa mitundu 178 yodziwika, atatu okha amadyetsa magazi..
Mitundu imeneyi yomwe imafunikira magazi kuti ipulumuke imadziwika kuti mileme ya vampire: wamba vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus), batu yoyera yamapiko oyera (alireza) ndi mileme ya vampire yamiyendo yaubweya (Diphylla ecaudata).
Zolinga za mileme nthawi zambiri zimakhala ng'ombe, nkhumba, akavalo ndi mbalame. Munthu samawonedwa ngati nyama yachilengedwe ya mileme, koma pali malipoti akuukira makamaka kumidzi. Chodetsa nkhaŵa china chokhudza mileme ndikuti ndiomwe amatumiza matenda a chiwewe - koma ndizodabwitsa kuti Nyama iliyonse yomwe ili ndi kachilombo imatha kufalitsa matendawa, osati mileme yokha.
Mileme imathandizanso kwambiri pakusamalira zachilengedwe monga momwe zimadyera zipatso ndi tizilombo. Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala ofunika. ogwirizana polimbana ndi tizirombo tawuni ndi zaulimi. Ambiri amadyanso timadzi tokoma ndi mungu, amathandizanso kuyambitsa maluwa osiyanasiyana, ntchito yofanana kwambiri ndi njuchi ndi mbalame.
Ndipo kuchokera ku malovu a nyama zouluka izi, maphunziro atsopano ndi mankhwala adatuluka chifukwa ali ndi zinthu zambiri zotsutsana ndi magazi. Ofufuza ena amakhulupirira kuti mileme imathandizanso pakupanga mankhwala ochizira thrombosis ndi mavuto ena azaumoyo mwa anthu omwe adadwala sitiroko.[1].
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zochulukirapo pazinyama izi, werengani nkhani ina iyi kuchokera ku mitundu ya mileme ya Perito ndi nyama zawo.
Ndipo popeza tikulankhula za kudyetsa kwawo, mutha kuwona mu kanemayu pa njira ya PeritoAnimal mitundu ya kudyetsa mileme: