Zamkati
- Makhalidwe a miyala yamtengo wapatali
- Kodi ntchito ya matanthwe ndi yotani?
- Ma coral a Hermatypic: malongosoledwe ndi zitsanzo
- Mitundu yamakorali: jenda acropora kapena ziphuphu zamphongo zamphongo:
- Mitundu yamakorali: jenda Agaricia kapena miyala yamtengo wapatali.
- Mitundu yamakorali: ma coral aubongo, amitundu yosiyanasiyana:
- Mitundu yamakorali: Hydrozoa kapena miyala yamoto yamoto:
- Ahermatypic corals: kufotokoza ndi zitsanzo
- Mitundu yamakorali: mitundu ina ya Gorgonia
Sizachilendo kuti, mukaganiza za liwu loti coral, chithunzi cha nyama za Great Barrier Reef chimabwera m'maganizo, popeza popanda nyama izi zomwe zimatha kupanga miyala yamiyala yamiyala, miyala yamiyala, yofunikira pamoyo wanyanja, ikadakhalapo. pali zingapo mitundu yamakorali, kuphatikiza mitundu yamiyala yofewa. Koma kodi mukudziwa mitundu ingapo yamakorali yomwe ilipo? Munkhani iyi ya PeritoAnimalongosola kuti ndi mitundu yanji yamakorali komanso zina zosangalatsa za iwo. Pitilizani kuwerenga!
Makhalidwe a miyala yamtengo wapatali
Makorali ndi a phylum Cnidaria, monga nsomba zam'madzi. Makorali ambiri amadziwika m'kalasi la Anthozoa, ngakhale pali ena omwe ali mgulu la Hydrozoa. Ndi ma hydrozoan omwe amapanga mafupa amwala, amatchedwa miyala yamoto chifukwa choluma kwawo ndi kowopsa ndipo ndi gawo limodzi matanthwe a coralApo.
Pali zambiri mitundu yamakorali am'madzi, ndi mitundu pafupifupi 6,000. Ndizotheka kupeza mitundu yamakorali olimba, omwe ndi omwe amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, pomwe ena amakhala ndi mafupa osinthasintha, ndipo ena samapanga mafupa mwa iwo okha, koma ali ndi ma spikes omwe amalowa m'matumba, omwe amawateteza . Makorali ambiri amakhala mu mgwirizano ndi zooxanthellae (symbiotic photosynthetic algae) omwe amawapatsa chakudya chochuluka.
Zina mwa nyamazi zimakhala madera akuluakulu, ndi ena mwaokha. Amakhala ndi zitseko pakamwa pawo zomwe zimawalola kuti azigwira chakudya choyandama m'madzi. Monga m'mimba, ali ndi zibowo zokhala ndi minofu yotchedwa gastrodermis, yomwe imatha kukhala septate kapena ma nematocysts (maselo oluma ngati jellyfish) ndi kholingo lomwe limalumikizana ndi m'mimba.
Mitundu yambiri yamakorali imapanga miyala yam'madzi, imafanana ndi zooxanthellae, yotchedwa hermatypic corals. Makorali omwe samapanga miyala yam'madzi ndi amtundu wa ahermatypic. Ili ndiye gulu lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamakorali. Makorali amatha kuberekana pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana, komanso amatulutsa zoberekera.
Kodi ntchito ya matanthwe ndi yotani?
Ma corals ali ndi ntchito yofunikira kwambiri popeza ali ndi zachilengedwe zokhala ndi zachilengedwe zosiyanasiyana. Ntchito za miyala yamtengo wapatali ndizosefera madzi kuti apange chakudya chawo, komanso zimakhala ngati pothawirapo chakudya cha nsomba zambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi kwawo kwa mitundu ingapo yama crustaceans, nsomba ndi molluscs. ali pansi chiopsezo chakutha chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo, kuipitsa ndi kusodza mosasamala.
Ma coral a Hermatypic: malongosoledwe ndi zitsanzo
Inu hematypic miyala yamtengo wapatali ndi mitundu yamakorali olimba omwe ali ndi miyala yolimba yopangidwa ndi calcium carbonate. Makorali amtunduwu ndi kuopsezedwa moopsa ndi chomwe chimatchedwa "matanthwe a coral". Mtundu wa matanthwewa umachokera kuubwenzi wolumikizana ndi zooxanthellae.
Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono timene timagwiritsa ntchito matanthwewa, tikuopsezedwa ndi kutentha kwa nyanja chifukwa cha kusinthanyengo, dzuwa lowala kwambiri komanso matenda ena. Zoooxanthellae zikafa, miyala yamakorali imatsuka ndipo imafa, ndichifukwa chake miyala yamiyala yambiri yasowa. Zitsanzo zina zamakorali olimba ndi awa:
Mitundu yamakorali: jenda acropora kapena ziphuphu zamphongo zamphongo:
- Acropora cervicornis;
- Acropora palmata;
- Acropora amachuluka.
Mitundu yamakorali: jenda Agaricia kapena miyala yamtengo wapatali.
- Agaricia undata;
- Agaricia fragilis;
- Agaricia tenuifolia.
Mitundu yamakorali: ma coral aubongo, amitundu yosiyanasiyana:
- Clivosa Diploria;
- Achikulire a Colpophyllia;
- Diploria labyrinthiformis.
Mitundu yamakorali: Hydrozoa kapena miyala yamoto yamoto:
- Millepora alcicornis;
- Stylaster roseus;
- Millepora squarrosa.
Ahermatypic corals: kufotokoza ndi zitsanzo
Mbali yayikulu ya matanthwe ahermatypic ndichakuti iwo mulibe mafupa amiyala yamiyala, ngakhale atha kukhazikitsa ubale wofanana ndi zooxanthellae. Chifukwa chake, samapanga miyala yamchere yamchere, komabe, amatha kukhala atsamunda.
Pulogalamu ya anthu aku Georgia, Amene mafupa awo amapangidwa ndi mankhwala omwe amapangidwa ndi iwo okha. Kuphatikiza apo, mkati mwa mnofu muli ma spicule, omwe amapereka chithandizo ndi chitetezo.
Mitundu yamakorali: mitundu ina ya Gorgonia
- Ellisella elongata;
- Iridigorgia sp;
- Acanella sp.
Mu Nyanja ya Mediterranean ndi Nyanja ya Atlantic, ndizotheka kupeza ina mtundu wa miyala yamchere yofewa, pankhani iyi ya kalasi ya Octocorallia, dzanja la akufa (Alcyonium palmatum). Ng'ombe yaying'ono yofewa yomwe imakhala pamiyala. Makorali ena ofewa, monga a mtundu wa Capnella, amakhala ndi mawonekedwe oyambira, omwe amakhala kuchokera kuphazi lalikulu.
Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga zina zambiri zofanana ndi Mitundu yamakorali: mawonekedwe ndi zitsanzo, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulowe mu gawo lathu la Curiosities la nyama.