Zamkati
- Makhalidwe a milomo ya mbalame
- Mitundu ya milomo ya mbalame ndi iti?
- Milomo ya mbalame zaphokoso (kapena zowononga mbewu)
- milomo yodya mbalame
- milomo yambalame zokoma
- Milomo ya mbalame yosasangalatsa
- milomo ya kumtunda
- Milomo ya mbalame yochititsa chidwi
- Milomo ya Nkhuku
Mbalame zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe angapo omwe amawapangitsa kukhala okongola mkati mwa nyama. Chimodzi mwazinthuzi ndi kupezeka kwa a mlomo wonyansa yomwe imapanga gawo lakumapeto kwa mkamwa mwa nyama izi. Mosiyana ndi nyama zina zouluka, mbalame zilibe mano ndipo milomo yawo ndi imodzi mwazinthu zambiri zomwe zimawalola kuchita bwino m'malo osiyanasiyana.
Komanso, pali mitundu yambiri yomwe mlomo ungatenge ndipo, mosiyana ndi zomwe mungaganize, milomo si ya mbalame zokha, monga ilinso m'magulu ena azinyama (iliyonse ili ndi mawonekedwe ake), monga akamba (Testudines), platypus (Monotremata), octopus, squid ndi cuttlefish (Octopoda). Pitirizani kuwerenga nkhani iyi ya PeritoAnimal yomwe tidzakambirana za mawonekedwe ake ndi mitundu ya milomo ya mbalame.
Makhalidwe a milomo ya mbalame
Mbalame zimasintha mosiyanasiyana m'matupi awo, chimodzi mwazomwe zimapangidwira milomo yawo potengera momwe amasinthira malinga ndi mtundu wa zakudya zomwe amatsata, komanso kagayidwe kazakudya. Kukula, mawonekedwe ndi kulimba kwa milomo kudzakhudza mwachindunji Zakudya za mbalame. Kuphatikiza apo, milomo yamilomo imatha kusiyanasiyana pang'ono, zomwe zingakhudzenso kuchuluka kwa chakudya.
Mlomo wa mbalamezi, komanso kutalika kwa miyendo ndi ziwalo zina za thupi, zimalola nyamazi fufuzani malo ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza pakapangidwe kake kodyetsedwa, mulomo umathandizanso amuna amtundu wina ku kukopa akazi, monga momwe zilili ndi ma toucan.
Mlomo umapanga mawonekedwe akunja a m'kamwa mwa mbalameyi ndipo, mofanana ndi zinyama zina zonse, imakhala ndi nsagwada yapansi ndi nsagwada yakumtunda, yomwe imadziwika kuti chimbudzi ndipo ili ndi mzere wosanjikiza (yokutidwa ndi keratin) yotchedwa ranphotheca. Kapangidwe kameneka ndi komwe kumawoneka kunja ndipo, kuphatikiza apo, pali mawonekedwe amkati omwe amathandizira mkati.
Kuphatikiza pa milomo ya mbalamezi, mungakhale ndi chidwi chofuna kudziwa zambiri za nyama izi munkhani ina yokhudza mikhalidwe ya mbalame.
Mitundu ya milomo ya mbalame ndi iti?
Milomo imasiyana mosiyanasiyana ndipo, chifukwa chake, timapeza mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana mkati mwa mitundu ya mbalame. M'munsimu muli ena mwa iwo:
- Yokhota kumapeto komanso yolumikizidwa (wamba mbalame zodya nyama)
- woboola pakati ndi mkondo (yofanana ndi mbalame zina zam'madzi zosodza)
- Kutalika komanso koonda (mwa mbalame zazitali kwambiri pali waders kapena tizilombo)
- wandiweyani komanso wamfupi (alipo mbalame zazikulu)
M'magulu awa titha kupeza mbalame wamba zomwe zimathandiza kwambiri kupeza chakudya ndipo milomo yake ilibe mawonekedwe enieni. Kumbali inayi, mbalame zapadera zimakhala ndi zakudya zachakudya, komanso mawonekedwe a milomo yawo, yomwe imatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera kwambiri. Izi ndizochitika ndi mitundu ina ya hummingbird.
Mu mbalame zapadera, titha kupeza mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Kenako, tikambirana magulu akuluakulu.
Milomo ya mbalame zaphokoso (kapena zowononga mbewu)
Mbalame zazikulu zimakhala ndi mlomo kwambiri yochepa koma yamphamvu, zomwe zimawalola kutsegula mbewu ndi zokutira zolimba, momwemonso mbalame ndizodziwika bwino. Zina mwa mitundu imeneyi, monga mpheta (zonyamula zoweta), mwachitsanzo, khalani ndi nsonga yayifupi, yojambulidwa yomwe imalola gwirani ndi kuthyola mbewu, cholinga chimakwaniritsidwa chifukwa, kuwonjezera apo, nsonga za mulomo wake ndizosalala.
Mbalame zina zazikuluzikulu zimakhala ndi milomo yotchuka kwambiri, monga mulomo wopingasa (Curvirostra loxia), monga dzina lake likusonyezera, ali mandible ndi nsagwada zolukanalukana. Fomuyi imayamba chifukwa cha zakudya zake zokhazokha, chifukwa imadyetsa ma cones (kapena zipatso) zama conifers, pomwe amatulutsa mbewu chifukwa cha mulomo wake.
Kumbali inayi, mwachitsanzo, m'banja la Fringillidae pali mitundu yambiri yolimba yomwe milomo yake ili wangwiro ndi wandiweyani, monga goldfinch wamba (carduelis makhadi) ndi palilla-de-laysan (Ma Cantans telespiza), Mlomo wake ndi wolimba kwambiri komanso wolimba, ndipo nsagwada zake zidadutsa pang'ono.
Ndipo polankhula za milomo ya mbalame, munkhani iyi ya PeritoAnimalinso mumapeza mbalame zomwe zili pachiwopsezo.
milomo yodya mbalame
Mbalame zodya nyama zimadya mbalame zina ndi nyama zina kapena zovunda milomo yosongoka ndipo nsagwada zatha mu mbedza, chifukwa izi zimawathandiza kuti azing'amba nyama zawo komanso zimawateteza kuti asagwidwe akagwidwa. Izi ndizochitika mbalame zodya nyama masana ndi usiku (ziwombankhanga, nkhwazi, akadzidzi, ndi zina zambiri).
Angakhalenso nawo milomo yayitali komanso yolimba, monga mbalame zina zam'madzi zomwe zimakhala ndi milomo yayikulu komanso yayikulu kwambiri yogwira nsomba zambiri, monga nkhanu (Pelecanus onocrotalus) kapena chala chakumanja (Balaeniceps rex), womwe uli ndi mlomo waukulu womwe umathera mu mbedza yakuthwa ndipo umatha kugwira mbalame zina, monga abakha.
Ziwombankhanga zilinso ndi milomo yosinthidwa kuti ing'ambe nyama, ngakhale ndizobowoleza, ndipo chifukwa cha m'mbali lakuthwa ndi lakuthwa, samatha kutsegula mano awo.
Mwa mitundu ina ya milomo ya mbalame yomwe imadziwika kwambiri ndi nyama chifukwa cha kukongola kwake komanso yomwe imasinthidwa kuti idye nyama zomwe zikudyedwa ndi mulomo wa ma toucans. Mbalamezi zimalumikizidwa ndi kudya zipatso (zomwe ndi gawo la zakudya zawo), koma zimatha kugwira ana a mbalame zina kapena zazing'ono zomwe nsonga zamphamvu zamphamvu.
milomo yambalame zokoma
Mbalame zosowa zakhala nazo nozzles lalifupi ndi yokhota kumapeto, koma ndi mfundo zakuthwa zomwe zimawalola kuti atsegule chipatso. Nthawi zina amadyetsanso mbewu. Mwachitsanzo, mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe, ma macaw ndi ma parakeet (odula Psittaciformes) ali ndi milomo yolimba kwambiri yomwe imathera mowongoka, momwe amatha kutsegula zipatso zazikulu komanso kutulutsa mbali zodyedwa za njere.
Monga tanenera, ma toucans (Piciformes order), ndi akulu awo nsonga serrated kutsanzira mano, amatha kudya zipatso zazikulu komanso zikopa zakuda.
Mitundu ina yazing'ono, monga mbalame zakuda (mtundu nkhumba), zigawenga (alireza) kapena nkhuku zamtchire (Crax yodziwika bwinoMwachitsanzo) have nozzles wamfupi ndi ang'onoang'ono m'mbali mwake momwe mulinso "mano" omwe amawalola kuti adye zipatso.
Milomo ya mbalame yosasangalatsa
Milomo ya mbalame zomwe zimadya tizilombo zimadziwika owonda komanso otalikirana. Pali kusiyanasiyana m'gululi, mwachitsanzo, nkhalango (ikani Piciformes). Ali ndi mlomo wakuthwa komanso wamphamvu kwambiri chomwe chimafanana ndi chisel, chomwe amadula khungwa la mitengo posaka tizilombo tomwe timakhala mkati mwake. Mbalamezi zimakhalanso ndi chigaza chokwanira kuti chimenye mwamphamvu.
Mitundu ina imasaka tizilombo tomwe tikuuluka ndipo milomo yawo ndi yopyapyala komanso yopindika, monga wodya njuchi (Apiaster oyimilira), kapena yaying'ono komanso yowongoka pang'ono, monga thrush (erithacus rubecula) kapena mtundu wabuluu (Osiyanasiyana caeruleus). Ena ali ndi milomo yambiri lathyathyathya, lalifupi komanso lotambalala, monga swifts (order Apodiformes) ndi swallows (Passeriformes), omwe ndi osaka mlengalenga.
milomo ya kumtunda
Mbalame za m'mphepete mwa nyanja nthawi zambiri zimakhala m'madzi kapena zimakhala pafupi ndi madzi, chifukwa zimapeza chakudya chawo m'madambo. khalani Kutalika, koonda komanso kosavuta kusintha, zomwe zimawalola kumiza nsonga ya nozzle m'madzi kapena mumchenga ndipo fufuzani chakudya (ma molluscs ang'onoang'ono, mphutsi, ndi zina zambiri) kusiya maso kunja, osafunikira kumiza mutu wonse, monga mwachitsanzo calidris, snipe ndi phalaropes (Scolopacidae).
Ma nozzle ena omwe amasinthidwa kuti agwire ntchitoyi ndi Kutalika komanso mosabisa, monga spoonbill (nsanja ajaja), yomwe imadutsa m'madzi osaya pofunafuna chakudya.
Milomo ya mbalame yochititsa chidwi
Mlomo wa mbalame zokoma sizimasinthasintha kuyamwa timadzi tokoma m'maluwa. Milomo ya mbalame zotsekemera ndizochepa kwambiri komanso zazitali, mkati mawonekedwe a chubu. Mitundu ina imasinthiratu chifukwa imakhala nayo nozzles yaitali kwambiri omwe amalola kufikira maluwa omwe mitundu ina singathe. Chitsanzo chabwino cha mbalame zokhala ndi milomo yayitali ndi hummingbird (kuwonetsetsa), Umene mulomo wake ndi wautali kwambiri komanso wokhota pamwamba.
Milomo ya Nkhuku
Zosefera mbalame ndi mitundu yomwe imakhalanso m'malo okhala ndi madzi ndipo milomo yake imatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Ali ndi kusintha komwe kumawalola sefa zosefera m'madzi ndipo, mwambiri, ali ndi milomo yotakata ndi yokhota pansi. Mwachitsanzo, ma flamingo (oda a Phoenicopteriformes) amasinthidwa kuti achite ntchitoyi. Mlomo wake umakhala wosakanikirana, chifukwa nsagwada zakumtunda ndizochepa kuposa zapansi ndipo ndizoyenda. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi yopindika pang'ono ndipo ili ndi lamellae pomwe chakudya chomwe chimasefa chimasungidwa.
Zowonjezera zosefera, monga abakha (oda Anseriformes), zimakhala nazo mulitali komanso mosalala amenenso ali ndi zokutira zosefa chakudya kuchokera m'madzi. Kuphatikiza apo, mbalamezi zimathanso kudya nsomba, chifukwa chake milomo yawo ili ndi "mano" ang'onoang'ono omwe amawalola kuti azigwira akawedza.
Tsopano popeza inu nonse muli okhudza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya milomo ya mbalame ndipo mwawona kuti milomo ya mbalameyo siili yofanana, mungakhale ndi chidwi ndi nkhani ya mbalame zopanda ndege - mawonekedwe ndi zitsanzo 10.
Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga zina zambiri zofanana ndi Mitundu ya milomo ya mbalame, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulowe mu gawo lathu la Curiosities la nyama.