Zamkati
- Makhalidwe a Nkhanu
- Kodi pali nkhanu zingati padziko lapansi?
- 1. Wolemba zachiwawa
- 2. Nkhanu Yofiira ku Chilumba cha Christmas
- 3. Nkhanu ya ku Japan
- 4. Nkhanu Yobiriwira
- 5. Nkhanu Yakuda
- 6. Ufa wa nkhanu-marie
- 7. Nkhanu Yakuda (Gecarcinus lagostoma)
- 8. Nkhanu Ya buluu Yaikulu
- Zitsanzo zambiri za nkhanu
nkhanu ndizo nyama zamatenda anasintha kwambiri. Amatha kukhala kunja kwa madzi, omwe amafunika kupuma, kwanthawi yayitali. Izi ndizotheka chifukwa angathe kuunjikira madzi mkati, ngati kuti ndi gawo lotsekedwa, kusintha nthawi ndi nthawi.
Munkhaniyi ndi PeritoAnifol tiwafotokoza mitundu ya nkhanu ndi mbali zake zazikulu. Tikuwonetsani mndandanda wathunthu wamaina ndi zithunzi kuti muphunzire kuzindikira nyama yosangalatsa iyi. Kuwerenga bwino!
Makhalidwe a Nkhanu
Inu nkhanu Ndi ma crustacean arthropods omwe ali a Brachyura infraorder. Thupi lawo limadziwika bwino kwambiri, ndipo pomwe matupi a nyamakazi amagawika pamutu, pachimake ndi pamimba, nkhanu zimakhala nazo. ziwalo zitatu za thupi zosakanikirana. Makamaka mimba, yomwe ndi yaying'ono kwambiri ndipo imakhala pansi pa carapace.
Carapace ya nkhanu ndi yotakata kwambiri, nthawi zambiri imakhala yayitali wokulirapo kuposa kutalika, zomwe zimawapatsa mawonekedwe owoneka bwino kwambiri. Ali ndi miyendo isanu ya miyendo kapena zowonjezera. Zowonjezera ziwiri zoyambirira, zotchedwa chelicera, zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa amuna amitundu yambiri.
Amatha kukwawa pang'onopang'ono, koma nthawi zambiri amasuntha chammbali, makamaka akukwawa mwachangu. nkhanu zambiri sindingathe kusambira, ngakhale m'mitundu ina miyendo yomaliza imathera mumtundu wina wamtengo wapatali, wopingasa komanso wosalala, womwe umawapangitsa kuti azisunthira posambira.
nkhanu kupuma kudzera m'mitsempha. Madzi amalowa m'munsi mwa miyendo iwiri yoyambirira, amazungulira m'chipindacho, ndipo amatuluka kudera lomwe lili pafupi ndi diso. Makina oyendetsa magazi a nkhanu ndi otseguka. Izi zikutanthauza kuti nthawi zina magazi amayenda m'mitsempha ndi m'mitsempha, ndipo nthawi zina amathiridwa mthupi. Ali ndi mtima womwe umatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osinthika, okhala ndi ma ostioles, omwe ndi mabowo kudzera momwe magazi amalowera mumtima kuchokera mthupi, kenako amayenda kudzera mumitsempha yamagazi.
Nkhanu ndi nyama zopatsa nyonga. akhoza kudya algae, nsomba, molluscs, carrion, bacteria ndi zamoyo zina zambiri. Ndi nyama zovutirapo, zomwe kuberekana kudzera m'mazira. Mphutsi zimaswa m'mazirawo ndipo zimadwala mosiyanasiyana mpaka zikafika pofika msinkhu wachikulire.
Kodi pali nkhanu zingati padziko lapansi?
Pali kuzungulira Mitundu 4,500 kapena zamoyo a nkhanu. Nyamazi nthawi zambiri zimakhala m'malo othamangitsana, monga magombe am'mphepete mwa nyanja, mitsinje ndi mangroves. Ena amakhala m'madzi ozama pang'ono, ndipo mitundu ina imakhalanso m'malo ovuta monga mafunde am'madzi am'madzi, omwe amatentha mpaka 400 ° C.
Mitundu ina ya nkhanu kapena omwe akuyenera kuwunikiridwa m'chilengedwe ndi awa:
1. Wolemba zachiwawa
O nkhanu (uca pugnax) amakhala m'madambo ambiri amchere m'mbali mwa Nyanja ya Atlantic. Ali omanga mabowola, amagwiritsa ntchito kudziteteza kwa adani, kuberekana ndi kubisala m'nyengo yozizira. Ndi nkhanu zazing'ono, zomwe zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri pafupifupi masentimita atatu m'lifupi.
Amawonetsa mawonekedwe azakugonana, amuna kukhala obiriwira mdima wokhala ndi malo abuluu pakatikati pa chipolopolocho. Akazi alibe malowa. Amuna, komanso, atha kukhala ndi kufalikira mu imodzi mwa chelicerae ndipo, nthawi zina, onse awiri. Pa nthawi ya chibwenzi, amuna amasuntha chelicerae awo m'njira yoti aziwoneka akusewera vayolini.
2. Nkhanu Yofiira ku Chilumba cha Christmas
O nkhanu yofiira (natal dzina) ndizofala ku Chilumba cha Christmas, Australia. Amakhala mokhaokha m'nkhalango, amatha miyezi yambiri ya chilala atakwiriridwa pansi, akubisala. Nyengo yamvula ikayamba, nthawi yogwa, nyamazi zimapanga zodabwitsa kusamukamkatipasitala kunyanja, komwe amatsata.
nkhanu zazing'ono zofiira amabadwira munyanja, komwe amakhala mwezi umodzi akuchita zochitika zosiyanasiyana kuti azikhala padziko lapansi.
3. Nkhanu ya ku Japan
O nkhanu yayikulu ku Japan (Kaempferi wamkulu) amakhala mkati mwa Pacific Ocean, pafupi ndi gombe la Japan. Ndi nyama zachikoloni, motero amakhala magulu akulu kwambiri. Ndilo nyamakazi yayikulu kwambiri yomwe ilipo. miyendo yanu imatha kuyeza mamita oposa awiri Kutalika, ndipo amatha kufikira Makilogalamu 20 wa kulemera.
China chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi nyamazi ndikuti zimamamatira ku matupi awo zinyalala zomwe zimazipeza kuti zidzibise. Ngati asintha malo awo, zotsalira zimasinthanso. Pachifukwa ichi, amadziwikanso kuti "nkhanu zokongoletsera"Ndi mtundu umodzi wa nkhanu womwe umakopa chidwi cha anthu kukula kwake.
4. Nkhanu Yobiriwira
O nkhanu yobiriwira (Maenas Carcinus) amapezeka mdera lakumadzulo kwa Europe ndi Iceland, ngakhale amakhala m'malo ena apadziko lapansi ngati mitundu yovuta, mwachitsanzo, South Africa kapena Central America. Amatha kukhala ndi matani angapo, koma makamaka zobiriwira. Safikira msinkhu wogonana mpaka zaka ziwiri, atakula ngati 5 masentimita. Komabe, kutalika kwake ndi zaka 5 mwa amuna ndi 3 mwa akazi.
5. Nkhanu Yakuda
O nkhanu yabuluu (sapidus oyimba) amatchulidwa chifukwa cha utoto wamiyendo yake, koma carapace yake ndi yobiriwira. Zikhadabo za chelicerae ndizofiira. Ali nyama zowononga m'malo ambiri padziko lapansi, ngakhale amachokera kunyanja ya Atlantic. Amatha kukhala m'madzi mosiyanasiyana, madzi lokoma kapena lokoma, ngakhalenso kuipitsidwa.
6. Ufa wa nkhanu-marie
Mbuzi yamphongo yamphongo kapena nkhanu yamchenga (Ocypod quadrata). Imadziwikanso kuti nkhanu yakufa komanso mafunde amvula. Zofala kwambiri pagombe, zimamanga zake gwirani mchenga kuchoka kumadzi am'nyanja. Ndi nyama yovuta kwambiri kuzizira, koma yolimbana ndi kutentha komanso yovuta kwambiri, yokhoza kugwiritsa ntchito zikwanje zake zakuthambo kukumba, kudziteteza kapena kupeza chakudya.
7. Nkhanu Yakuda (Gecarcinus lagostoma)
Nkhanu yachikasu (nkhanu ya gecarcinus) amakhala m'malo okwera mafunde ndipo amapezeka m'malo ngati Atol das Rocas ndi Fernando de Noronha. Ndi chinyama pangozi, malinga ndi Red Book of Brazilian Fauna Threatened with Extinction lolemba ndi Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation.
Amadziwikanso kuti nkhanu yakuba, ili ndi carapace wachikaso ndipo nthawi zambiri nsapato za lalanje. Ili pakati pa 70 ndi 110 millimeters. Pokhala ndi zizolowezi zakusiku, imakhala ndi kukula kwa mphutsi zam'madzi ndipo mtundu wake umasiyana chikaso mpaka pofiirira.
8. Nkhanu Ya buluu Yaikulu
Nkhanu yayikulu buluu (birgus latro) Amadziwikanso kuti wakuba wa kokonati kapena nkhanu ya kokonati. Ndipo zimamveka bwino: chakudya chomwe amakonda kwambiri ndi coconut. Itha kufika mpaka 1 mita kutalika, mbalameyi ili ndi luso lotha kukwera mitengo. Ndichoncho. Musadabwe ngati muli ku Australia kapena ku Madagascar, komwe amakhala, ndikupeza nkhanu ikufuna kokonati kumtunda.
Kuphatikiza pa izi ndi zipatso zina, imadya nkhanu zazing'ono komanso ngakhale zotsalira za nyama zakufa. Chikhalidwe china chake ndi mimba yolimba kuposa mitundu ina. Ngakhale amatchedwa buluu, utoto wake umatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa lalanje, wakuda, wofiirira komanso wofiira kuphatikiza pa buluu palokha.
Zitsanzo zambiri za nkhanu
M'munsimu, tikukuwonetsani mndandanda ndi mitundu ina ya nkhanu:
- Nkhanu Yaikulu (Santolla Lithodes)
- Nkhanu ya Florida Stone (menippe mercenary)
- Nkhanu Yakuda (ruricula gecarcinus)
- Nkhanu ya Bermuda (Gecarcinus lateralis)
- Nkhanu (Trichodactylus borellianus)
- Nkhanu Yam'madzi (Pachygrapsus transversus)
- Nkhanu Zaubweya (Peltarion spinosulum)
- Mwala Wamwala (pachygrapsus marmoratus)
- Catanhão (granule neohelix)
- Nkhanu Yopanda Pakamwa (Crassum Cardisoma)
Tsopano popeza mukudziwa mndandanda wa mitundu ya nkhanu, kuphatikiza awiri a iwo omwe amadziwika kuti ndi akulu kuposa masiku onse, mutha kukhala ndi chidwi ndi kanemayu wonena za nyama zikuluzikulu padziko lonse lapansi:
Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga zina zambiri zofanana ndi Mitundu ya Nkhanu - Mayina ndi Zithunzi, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulowe mu gawo lathu la Curiosities la nyama.